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THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


SCHOOL  OF  LAW. 


1^ 


M  o 


RULES  AND  ORDERS 


TO    BE   OBSERVED    IN 


THE   SENATE 


OF    THE 


GTommontocaitij  of  SHassartjusettfi, 


FOR   THE   YEAR   1851. 


PUBLISHED  BY  ORDER  OF  THE  SENATE. 


BOSTON: 

DUTTON  AND  WENTWORTH,  STATE  PRINTERS. 

1851. 


s 

Arrangement  of  the  Senate, 

HENRY  WILSON. 


RIGHT. 

1.  David  Sears, 

2.  Alexander  De  Witt, 

3.  Joseph  T.  Buckingham, 

4.  William  A.  Hawley, 

5.  Stephen  Hilliard, 

6.  John  H.  Wilkin s, 

7.  Edward  B.  Bigelow, 

8.  Edward  L.  Keyes, 

9.  Asa  G.  Welch, 

10.  Luke  Wellington, 

11.  Richard  P.  Brown, 

12.  Samuel  Warner,  Jr., 

13.  Charles  T.  Russell, 

14.  George  H.  Kuhn, 

15.  William  Barney, 

16.  Erasmus  D.  Beach, 

17.  Giles  H.  Whitney, 

18.  Daniel  Saunders,  Jr., 

19.  Moses  Wood, 

20.  Charles  Hubbard- 


Arrangement  of  the  Senate.  *■* 


PRESIDENT. 

LEFT. 

1. 

Frederick  Robinson, 

2. 

William  H.  Wood, 

3. 

Moses  Newell, 

4. 

Benjamin  Seaver, 

5. 

John  W.  Graves, 

6. 

Edward  Cazneau, 

7. 

Robert  S.  Daniels, 

8. 

John  Boynton, 

9. 

George  Austin, 

10. 

David  Mosely, 

11. 

Francis  Howe, 

12. 

Alvah  Morrison, 

13. 

Edmund  Kimball, 

14. 

Whiting  Griswold, 

15. 

William  Hyde, 

16. 

James  M.  Usher, 

IT. 

William  C.  Taber, 

18. 

Zenas  D.  Bassett, 

19. 

Lyman  W.  Dean. 

RULES   AND   ORDERS. 


Of  the  Duties  and  Power  of  the  President. 

1.  The  President  shall  take  the  chair  every  day  at 
the  hour  to  which  the  Senate  shall  have  adjourned, 
shall  call  the  members  to  order,  and,  on  the  appear- 
ance of  a  quorum,  shall  cause  the  journal  of  the  pre- 
ceding day  to  be  read. 

2.  He  shall  preserve  order  and  decorum ,  may  speak 
to  points  of  order  in  preference  to  other  members, 
and  shall  decide  all  questions  of  order  subject  to  an 
appeal.  He  shall  rise  to  put  a  question  or  to  ad- 
dress the  Senate,  but  may  read  sitting. 

3.  He  shall  declare  all  votes;  but,  if  any  member 
rises  to  doubt  a  vote,  the  President  shall  order  a  re- 
turn of  the  number  voting  in  the  affirmative  and  in 
the  negative,  without  any  further  debate.  He  may 
vote  on  all  questions,  but  shall  not  be  required  to 
do  so  unless  the  Senate  is  equally  divided,  or  unless 
his  vote,  if  given  to  the  minority,  would  render  the 
division  equal. 

4.  When  any  member  shall-  require  a  question  to 
be  determined  by  yeas  and  nays,  the  President  shall 
take  the  sense  of  the  board  in  that  manner,  provided 
one  fourth  part  of  the  members  present  are  in  favor 
of  it. 

5.  When  a  question  is  under  debate,  the  President 
shall  receive  no  motion  but  to  adjourn,  to  lay  on  the 
tabic,  to  postpone  to  a  day  certain,  to  commit,  to 


Decorum  and  Debate.  5 

amend,  or  to  postpone  indefinitely,  which  several 
motions  shall  have  precedence  in  the  order  in  which 
they  stand  arranged ;  and  a  motion  to  adjourn  shall 
be  decided  without  debate. 

6.  When  two  or  more  members  happen  to  rise  at 
once,  the  President  shall  name  the  member  who  is 
to  speak  first. 

7.  The  President  shall  have  the  right  to  name  a 
member  to  perform  the  duties  of  the  chair,  but  such 
substitution  shall  not  extend  beyond  an  adjourn- 
ment. * 

8.  In  case  the  President  shall  be  absent  at  the 
hour  to  which  the  Senate  was  adjourned,  the  senior 
member  present  shall  call  the  board  to  order,  and 
shall  preside  until  the  President  shall  resume  his 
seat;  provided,  that  such  substitution  shall  not  ex- 
tend beyond  an  adjournment. 


Decorum  and  Debate. 

9.  Every  member,  when  he  speaks,  shall  stand  in 
his  place,  and  address  the  President,  and  when  he 
has  done  speaking,  shall  sit  down. 

10.  No  member  shall  speak  more  than  once  on 
one  question,  to  the  prevention  of  any  other  who 
has  not  spoken,  and  is  desirous  to  speak,  nor  more 
than  twice  without  obtaining  leave  of  the  board. 

11.  No  member  speaking  shall  be  interrupted  by 
another  but  by  rising  up  to  call  to  order. 

12.  After  a  question  is  put  to  a  vote,  no  member 
shall  speak  to  it. 


6*  Decorum  and  Debate. 

13.  Every  member  presenting  a  petition,  memo- 
rial, or  remonstrance,  shall  endorse  his  name  thereon, 
and  in  the  filing  thereof,  state  briefly  the  nature  and 
object  of  the  instrument,  and  shall  also  give,  in  his 
place,  a  brief  summary  thereof,  and  the  reading  of 
the  same  shall  be  dispensed  with,  unless  specially 
ordered  by  the  board. 

14.  Every  motion  shall  be  received  and  considered, 
and  shall  be  reduced  to  writing  if  the  President  di- 
rect it;  and  no  member  shall  be  permitted  to  lay  a 
motion  in  writing  on  the  table,  until  he  has  read  the 
same  in  his  place. 

15.  When  a  vote  has  passed,  it  shall  be  in  order 
for  any  member  to  move  for  a  reconsideration  thereof, 
on  the  same  or  the  succeeding  day ;  and  notice 
given  by  any  member  on  the  day  when  the  vote  is 
passed  of  an  intention  to  move  a  reconsideration 
on  the  next  day,  shall  preclude  a  motion  for  present 
reconsideration;  but  no  motion  for  reconsideration 
shall  be  received  when  the  paper  on  which  the  vote 
was  taken  shall  have  gone  out  of  the  possession  of  the 
Senate ;  and  when  a  motion  for  reconsideration  is 
decided,  that  decision  shall  not  be  reconsidered. 

16.  A  question  containing  two  or  more  proposi- 
tions capable  of  division,  shall  be  divided  whenever 
desired  by  any  member.  A  motion  to  strike  out 
and  insert  shall  be  deemed  indivisible.  But  a  mo- 
tion to  strike  out,  being  lost,  shall  neither  pre- 
clude amendment  nor  a  motion  to  strike  out  and 
insert. 

17.  The  unfinished  business  in  which  the  Senate 
was  engaged  at  the  time  of  the  last  adjournment, 
shall  have  the  preference  in  the  orders  of  the 
day. 


Of  Committees.  7 

18.  No  member  shall  absent  himself  from  the  Sen- 
ate without  leave,  unless  there  be  a  quorum  left 
present  at  the  Board. 

19.  Any  rule  or  order,  except  the  thirty-first,  may 
be  altered,  dispensed  with,  or  rescinded,  two  thirds 
of  the  members  present  consenting  thereto. 

20.  Whenever  a  question  shall  be  taken  by  yeas 
and  nays,  the  clerk  shall  call  the  names  of  all  the 
members,  except  the  President,  in  alphabetical  order, 
and  every  member  present  shall  answer  to  his  name, 
unless  excused ;  and  no  member  shall  be  permitted, 
under  any  circumstances,  to  vote  after  the  decision 
is  announced  from  the  chair. 


Of  Committees. 

21.  The  following  Standing  Committees  shall  be 
appointed  at  the  commencement  of  the  first  session, 
to  wit : — 

A  Committee  on  the  Judiciary  ; 

A  Committee  on  Matters  in  Probate  and  Chan- 
cery ; 

A  Committee  on  the  Treasury  ; 

And  each  of  these  Committees  shall  consist  of 
Three  Members. 

A  Committee  on  Bills  in  the  third  reading: 

A  Committee  on  Engrossed  Bills ; 

And  each  of  these  Committees  shall  consist  of 
Six  Members. 

22.  All  Committees  shall  be  appointed  by  the 
President,  unless  otherwise  specially  directed  by 
the  Senate,  and  the  person  first  named  shall  be 
chairman.     In  all  elections  of  Committees  by  ballot, 


8  Of  Bills  and  Resolves. 

the  person  having  the  highest  number  of  votes  shall 
act  as  chairman. 

23.  When  a  motion  is  made  to  commit  any  sub- 
ject, and  different  Committees  shall  be  proposed, 
the  question  shall  be  taken  in  the  following  order : 
A  Standing  Committee  of  the  Senate — a  Select 
Committee  of  the  Senate — a  Joint  Standing  Com- 
mittee— a  Joint  Select  Committee. 

24.  Reports  of  Committees,  except  such  as  do 
not  propose  final  action,  shall,  unless  otherwise 
specially  ordered,  be  made  the  order  of  the  day 
next  succeeding  that  on  which  they  shall  be  pre- 
sented to  the  Senate. 

25.  No  Committee,  other  than  a  Joint  Committee 
or  a  Special  Committee  of  this  Board,  shall  be 
allowed  to  occupy  the  Senate  Chamber  without 
leave  of  the  Board. 


Of  Bills  and  Resolves. 

26.  No  bill  or  resolve  shall  be  introduced  by  a 
member  without  special  leave,  and  all  bills  and  re- 
solves, when  so  introduced,  shall  be  committed  be- 
fore they  are  passed  to  a  second  reading. 

27.  All  bills  and  resolves  from  the  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives, after  they  are  read  a  first  time,  shall  be 
committed  to  a  committee  of  this  Board,  except 
when  said  bills  or  resolves  shall  have  been  reported 
by  a  joint  committee. 

28.  No  bill  or  resolve  shall  pass  to  be  engrossed 
without  three  readings  on  three  several   days,  and 


Of  Dills  and  Resolves.  9 

bills  and  resolves  in  the  second  and  third  readings, 
shall  be  made  the  order  of  the  day  for  the  day  next 
succeeding  that  on  which  leave  shall  have  been 
given  to  read  them  a  second  or  third  time,  and  the 
president  shall  order  them  accordingly  ;  and  after  en- 
tering upon  the  orders  of  the  day,  they  shall  be  dis- 
posed of  in  course;  and  matters  passed  over  in  the 
orders  of  the  day  shall  go  to  the  foot  of  the  list,  and 
shall  not  be  considered  till  the  next  day. 

29.  All  bills  and  resolves  in  the  third  reading 
shall  be  committed  to  the  committee  on  bills  in 
the  third  reading,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  com- 
pare their  relations  with  the  constitution,  and  any 
existing  laws  relating  to  the  same  subject  matter, 
and  to  see  that  all  such  bills  and  resolves  are  in  the 
technical  form. 

30.  All  engrossed  bills  and  resolves  shall  be  com- 
mitted  to  the  standing  committee  on  engrossed  bills, 
whose  duty  it  shall  be  strictly  to  examine  the  same, 
and  if  found  by  them  to  be  rightly  and  truly  engross- 
ed, they  shall  so  endorse  on  the  envelope  thereof, 
and  the  final  question  shall  be  taken  thereon  with- 
out any  further  reading,  unless,  on  motion  of  any 
member,  a  majority  of  the  Senate  shall  be  in  favor 
of  reading  the  same  as  engrossed. 

31.  No  engrossed  bill  or  resolve  shall  be  amended, 
without  the  unanimous  consent  of  the  members 
present. 

32.  When  any  measure  shall  be  finally  rejected, 
it  shall  not  be  revived  except  by  reconsideration, 
and  no  measyre  substantially  the  same  shall  be  in- 
troduced during  the  session  ;  and  this  rule  shall  ap- 
ply as  well  to  measures  originating  in  the  House  a 
to  those  originating  in  the  Senate. 

2s  ' 


10  Reporters. 

33.  The  clerk  shall  transmit  to  the  House  of 
Representatives,  immediately  after  their  passage, 
all  bills,  resolves,  and  other  papers,  which  require 
the  concurrence  of  that  branch,  unless  a  motion  be 
made  to  reconsider  the  vote  by  which  they  were 
passed,  or  notice  be  given  of  an  intention  to  move 
a  reconsideration  thereof. 

34.  The  Rules  of  Parliamentary  practice  com- 
prised in  Jefferson's  Manual  shall  govern  the  Senate 
in  all  cases  to  which  they  are  applicable,  and  in 
which  they  are  not  inconsistent  with  the  Standing 
Rules  and  Orders  of  the  Senate  or  the  Joint  Rules 
of  the  two  branches  of  the  Legislature. 


Elections  by  Ballot. 

35.  In  all  elections  by  ballot,  a  time  shall  be 
assigned  for  such  election,  at  least  one  day  previous 
thereto. 


Senate  Library. 

36.  The  books  belonging  to  the  Senate  Chamber, 
shall  be  in  the  care  of  the  Clerk,  who  shall  keep  an 
accurate  list  thereof;  and  no  book  shall  be  taken 
from  the  Senate  Chamber  by  any  person  without 
giving  notice  thereof  to  the  Clerk,  who  shall  enter 
in  a  book  to  be  kept  by  him,  the  name  of  the  book, 
and  the  name  of  the  person  taking  the  same. 


Reporters. 

37.  Seats  for  reporters  shall  be  assigned  by  the 
President  under  such  regulations  as  he  may  pre- 
scribe. 


JOINT   RULES  AND   ORDERS 

OF  THE  TWO  HOUSES. 

I. 

The  following  Joint  Standing  Committees  shall 
be  appointed  at  the  commencement  of  the  January 
session,  viz  : — 

A  Committee  on  Accounts  ; 

A  Committee  on  Agriculture ; 

A  Committee  on  Banks  and  Banking ; 

A  Committee  on  Claims ; 

A  Committee  on  Education  ; 

A  Committee  on  the  Fisheries  ; 

A  Committee  on  the  Library  ; 

A  Committee  on  Manufactures; 

A  Committee  on  Mercantile  Affairs  &.  Insurance: 

A  Committee  on  the  Militia  ; 

A  Committee  on  Parishes  and  other  Religious  So- 
cieties ; 

A  Committee  on  Prisons ; 

A  Committee  on  Public  Charitable  Institutions  ; 

A  Committee  on  Public  Lands  ; 

A  Committee  on  Railways  and  Canals  ; 

A  Committee  on  Roads  and  Bridges ; 

A  Committee  on  Towns  ;   and 

A  Committee  on  Public  Expenditures  ; 
And  each  of  said  Committees  shall  consist  of  two 
on  the  part  of  the  Senate,  and  five  on  the  part  of 
the  House,  except  the  Committee  on  the  Library, 
which,  by  law,  is  to  consist  of  three  on  the  part  of 
each  House ;  and  no  Member  of  any  Committee 
shall  receive  compensation  for  personal  services  on 
such  Committee,  during  the  Session  of  the  Legis- 
lature. No  member  of  cither  House  shall  act  as 
counsel  for  any  party  before  any  Committee  of  the 
Legislature. 


12       Joint  Rules  and  Orders  of  Both  Houses. 

II. 

The  Joint  Committees  of  the  two  Houses  may 
report  by  bill,  resolve,  or  otherwise,  to  either  House, 
at  their  discretion  ;  and  all  bills  and  resolves  report- 
ed by  them,  shall  be  written  in  a  fair  round  hand, 
without  interlineation,  on  not  less  than  a  sheet  of 
paper,  with  suitable  margins,  and  spaces  between 
the  several  sections  or  resolves. 

III. 
Reports  of  Joint  Committees  may  be  recommit- 
ted to  the  same  committees  at  the  pleasure  of  the 
House  acting  thereon,  without  asking  the  concur- 
rence of  the  other  Branch  ;  and  bills  or  resolves 
which  have  been  previously  acted  on  in  one  Branch 
may  be  recommitted  in  the  other  without  a  con- 
current vote,  except  when  recommitted  with  in- 
structions; provided,  that,  after  such  recommitment, 
reports  shall,  in  all  cases,  be  made  to  the  Branch 
which  shall  have  ordered  such  recommitment. 

IV. 

All  papers,  while  on  their  passage  between  the 
two  Houses,  may  be  under  the  signature  of  the  re- 
spective Clerks,  except  Bills  and  Resolves,  in  their 
last  stage.  Messages  may  be  sent  by  such  persons 
as  each  House  may  direct. 

V. 

After  Bills  shall  have  passed  both  Houses  to  be 
engrossed,  they  shall  be  in  the  charge  of  the  Clerks 
ef  the  two  Houses,  who  shall  deliver  the  same  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth,  to  be  engrossed  in 
the  manner  prescribed  by  law;  and,  when  engrossed, 
the  said  Clerks  shall  forthwith  deliver  the  same  to 
the  Committee  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
on  Engrossed  Bills ;   and  when  the  same  shall  have 


Joint  Rules  and  Orders  of  Both  Houses.      IS 

passed  to  be  enacted  in  that  House,  they  shall,  in 
like  manner,  be  delivered  to  the  Committee  of  the 
Senate  on  Engrossed  Bills. 

VI. 

After  Bills  shall  have  passed  both  Houses  to  be 
enacted,  the  Clerk  of  the  Senate  shall  cause  them 
to  be  laid  before  the  Governor  for  his  approbation, 
an  indorsement  being  first  made  thereon,  by  the 
clerk  of  the  House  in  which  the  same  originated, 
certifying  in  which  House  the  same  originated, 
which  indorsement  shall  be  entered  on  the  Jour- 
nals by  the  Clerks  respectively;  and  the  Clerk  of 
the  Senate  shall  enter  on  the  Journal  of  the  Senate 
the  day  on  which  the  same  were  laid  before  the 
Governor. 

VII. 

All  resolves  and  other  papers,  which  are  to  be 
presented  to  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth, 
shall  be  presented  for  his  approbation,  in  the  same 
manner  as  is  prescribed  in  the  case  of  Bills. 

VIII. 

All  resolves  proposing  amendments  of  the  Con- 
stitution, shall  have  three  several  readings  in  each 
House,  and  the  final  question  upon  adopting  the 
same  shall  be  taken  by  yeas  and  nays,  as  provided 
by  the  Constitution. 

IX. 

The  President  of  the  Senate  shall  preside  in  con- 
ventions of  the  (wo  branches;  and  such  conventions 
shall  be  holden  in  the  Representatives'  chamber. 

X. 

When  an  agreement  has  been  made  by  the  two 
branches  to  go  into  convention,  such  agreement 
shall  not  be  altered  or  annulled,  except  by  concur- 
rent vote. 


14      Joint  Rules  and  Orders  of  Both  Houses. 

XI. 

No  business  shall  be  entered  on,  in  convention, 
except  by  unanimous  consent,  other  than  that  which 
may  be  agreed  on  before  the  convention  is  formed. 

XII. 
In   all  elections  by  joint  ballot,  a  time  shall  be 
assigned  therefor  at  least  one  day  previous  to  such 
election. 


CIVIL  GOVERNMENT 

OF    THE 

(ZTommontDealtl)   of  iHassacljnsctte, 

FOR    THE 

POLITICAL    YEAR    1851. 


HIS    EXCELLENCY 

GEORGE    S.    BOUTWELL, 

OF    GR0T05, 

GOVERNOR. 

HIS  HONOR 

HENRY  W.  CUSHMAN, 

OF    BERNARDSTON, 

LIEUTENANT    GOVERNOR. 

COUNCIL. 

ISAAC  EMERY,  of  Boston. 

JOHN  B.  ALLEY,  of  Lynn. 

GEORGE  W.  DIKE,  ofStoneham. 

ISAAC  DAVIS,  of  Worcester. 

RODOLPHUS  B.  HUBBARD,  of  Sunderland. 

NOAH  GIBSON,  of  New  Marlborough. 

EDGAR  K.  WHITAKER,  of  Medium. 

PHILO  LEACH,  of  Bridgewater. 

JOHNSON  GARDNER,  ofSeekonk. 

AMASA    WALKER, 

OF    NORTH    BROOKFIELD, 
SECRETARY     OF     THE     COMMONWEALTH. 

CHARLES    B.  HALL, 

OF    HAVERHILL, 

TREASURER  &  RECEIVER  GENERAL  OF  THE  COMMONWEALTH 


DAVID  WILDER,  Jr., 

OF    BROOKLINE, 
AUDITOR  OF  ACC0DNT8. 


HENRY  WILSON, 

PRESIDENT. 


SUFFOLK  DISTRICT. 

""  David  Sears,  "\ 

Benjamin  Seaver, 

v  John  II.  Wilkins,  J.  of  Boston. 
'  George  H.  Kuhn 

Charles  Theodore  Russell,  J 

"  Charles  Hubbard,  of  Chelsea. 

ESSEX  DISTRICT. 

_  Moses  Newell,  of  West  JVeivbury. 

Frederick  Robinson,  of  Marblehead. 

"  Daniel  Saunders,  Jr.,  of 'Lawrence. 

"Robert  S.  Daniels,  of  Danvers. 

v' Edmund  Kimball,  of  Bradford. 

MIDDLESEX  DISTRICT. 

Joseph  T.  Buckingham,  of  Cambridge. 

*-  John  W.  Graves,  of  Lowell. 

J  ohn  Boynton,  of  Groton. 

Luke  Wellington,  ofJlshby. 

^  James  M.  Usher,  of  Medford. 

Henry  Wilson,  ofJYatick. 


Senate.  H 

WORCESTER  DISTRICT. 

Alexander  Dc  Witt,  of  Worcester. 

Edward  B.  Bigelow,  of  Grafton. 

Francis  Howe,  of  Brookficld. 

Giles  II.  Whitney,  of  Templelon. 

Moses  Wood,  of  Fitchburg. 

HAMPSHIRE  DISTRICT. 

William  A.  Hawley,  of  Northampton. 

William  Hyde,-  of  Ware. 

FRANKLIN  DISTRICT. 

Whiting  Griswold,  of  Greenfield. 

HAMPDEN  DISTRICT. 

Erasmus  D.  Beach,  of  Springfield. 

David  Mosely,  of  Wesljield, 

BERKSHIRE  DISTRICT. 

Richard  P.  Brown,  of  Egremont. 

Asa  G.  Welch.  of  Lee. 

NORFOLK  DISTRICT. 

*  Samuel  Warner,  Jr.,  .  of  Wrcntham. 

Edward  L.  Keyes,  of  Dcdham. 

r  Alvah  Morrison,  of  Braintree. 

PLYMOUTH  DISTRICT. 

William  H.  Wood,  of  Mlddleborough. 

Edward  Cazneau,  of  Hingham. 

3s 


18  Senate. 


BRISTOL  DISTRICT. 

William  C.  Taber,  of  Fall  River. 

Lyman  W.  Dean,  of  Attleborough. 

George  Austin,  of  Swanzey. 


BARNSTABLE  DISTRICT. 

Stephen  Hilliard,  of  Provincetown- 

Zenas  D.  Baasett,  of  Barnstable. 


NANTUCKET  AND  DUKES  CO.  DISTRICT. 

William  Barney,  of  Nantucket. 


CHAUNCEY  L.  KNAPP,  Clerk. 

JOSEPH  H.  BUCKINGHAM,  Assistant  Clerk. 

Rev.  A.  L.  STONE,  Chaplain. 

WILLIAM  M.  WISE,  Doorkeeper. 

JAMES  N.  TOLMAN,  Assistant  Doorkeeper. 

TILSON  FULLER,  Page. 


%ou0t  of  Hrpreflfmtiitftts. 


Hon.  NATHANIEL  P.  BANKS,  Jr., 

SPEAKER. 

COUNTY   OF   SUFFOLK. 
Boston, 


Sidney  Bartlett, 

169 

John  Bigelow, 

170 

Charles  Boardman, 

115 

Billings  Briggs, 

230 

Edward  Brooks, 

71 

Isaac  Cary, 

165 

Otis  Clapp, 

77 

Calvin  W.  Clark, 

134 

Robert  L.  Colby, 

57 

Samuel  F.  Coolidge, 

21 

Benjamin  R.  Curtis, 

136 

Tisdale  Drake, 

141 

William  Eaton, 

257 

Thomas  Edwards, 

252 

Henry  H.  Fuller, 

112 

Henry  J.  Gardner, 

337 

Junius  Hall, 

340 

Samuel  Hooper, 

153 

Benjamin  James, 

330 

2<> 


House  of  Representatives. 


Boston,                     Eliphalet  Jones, 

72 

Isaac  Jones, 

387 

Samuel  Kettell, 

275 

"  Moses  Kimball, 

69 

'  Ezra  Lincoln, 

47 

Robert  Marsh, 

154 

Abel  B.  Munroe, 

80 

James  Munroe, 

296 

Charles  C.  Nutter, 

87 

John  Odin,  Jr., 

369 

Julius  A.  Palmer, 

81 

John  P.  Payson, 

55 

Silas  F.  Plimpton, 

203 

Benjamin  Pond, 

333 

— *  William  Pope, 

221 

v~  John  P.  Putnam, 

127 

William  Schouler, 

103 

Nathaniel  Seaver, 

177 

Thomas  J.  Shelton, 

64 

*■""  Jacob  Sleeper, 

36 

John  Spence,  Jr., 

000 

Elijah  Stearns, 

341 

George  Whittemore, 

13 

Joseph  M.  Wightman, 

207 

Clement  Willis, 

27 

Chelsea,                    Azel  Ames, 

268 

Edward  Basse tt, 

241 

North  Chelsea,        Edward  Floyd, 

182 

House  of  Representatives. 


21 


COUNTY   OF   ESSEX. 


Amesbury, 
Andover, 

Beverly, 

B oxford, 

Bradford, 

Danvers, 


Essex, 

Georgetown, 

Gloucester, 

Groveland, 

Hamilton, 

Haverhill, 

Ipswich, 
Lawrence, 


Lynn, 


Lynnfeld, 

Manchester, 

Marblehead, 


Samuel  H.  Batchelder,  250 

Nathaniel  Peabody,  53 

William  Walcott,  90 

Otis  Madge,  66 

Henry  A.  Hardy,  200 

Gilman  P.  Allen,  219 

Henry  H.  Baker,  9 

Jeremiah  R.  Cook,  401 

William  H.  Haskell,  360 

Moses  Foster,  Jr.,  294 


Nath'l  R.  Farley,  Jr.,  96 

James  K.  Barker,  149 

Morris  Knowles,  363 

George  D.  Lund,  225 

Israel  Buffum,  308 

Joseph  Haines,  29 

John  Q,.  Hammond,  312 

Isaiah  Hacker,  348 

William  Skinner,  Jr.,  117 

John  Girdler,  2d,  113 


Methven, 


22 


House  of  Representatives. 


Middlcton, 
Newbury } 
Newburyport, 


Rockport, 

Rowley, 

Salem, 


Salisbury, 
S  augus, 
Topsfield, 
Wenham, 
West  Newbury, 


Caleb  dishing,  54 

Jeremiah  Colman,  298 

Edward  Toppan,  Jr.,  270 

Isaac  Stevens,  49 

Addison  Gott,  204 

Thomas  E.  Payson,  91 

William  Kimball,  26 

William  F.  Nichols,  86 

Joseph  B.  F.  Osgood,  43 
Charles  M.  Richardson,246 

Augustus  Story,  28 

Michael  Shepard,  376 

John  Q.  Evans,  272 

Charles  Sweetser,  372 

Nehemiah  Balch,  357 

John  Porter,  62 

Benjamin  Edwards,  320 


COUNTY   OF   MIDDLESEX. 


Acton, 

Ashby, 

Ashland, 

Bedford, 

Billerica, 

Boxborough, 

Brighton, 

Burlington, 

Cambridge, 


James  T.  Woodbury,  63 

Howard  Gates,  377 

James  Jackson,  307 

Francis  Coggswell,  181 

John  Fletcher,  386 

David  Collins,  267 

William  Winn,  Jr.,  239 

Stephen  T.  Farwell,  48 

Justin  Jones,  3 


House  of  Representatives. 


23 


Cambridge, 


Carlisle, 
Charlestown, 


Chelmsford, 

Concord, 

Dracut, 

Dunstable, 

Framing  ham,, 

Groton, 

Hollistoji, 

Hopkinton, 

Lexington, 

Lincoln, 

Littleton, 

Lowell. 


Maiden, 

Marlborough^ 

Medford, 


Willard  Phillips,  152 

Franklin  Sawyer,  Jr.,  367 

Charles  Wood,  142 

John  Jacobs,  1 18 
Rich.  Frothingham,  Jr.,  44 

James  M.  Stone,  6 

Oliver  Smith,  223 

Edward  Thomdike,  52 

John  L.  Taggard,  336 

Jabez  Stevens,  186 

Aaron  A.  Kelscy,  244 

Archibald  O.  Varnum,  346 

Ira  Hall,  126 

Carleton  Parker,  116 

Phineas  G.  Prescott,  8 

Simeon  Fisher,  75 
William  Claflin,          Desk. 

Philip  Russell,  34 

Daniel  Weston,  321 

Jacob  G.  Elliot,  146 

Jefferson  Bancroft,  249 

Francis  Bush,  78 

Joseph  Bedlow,  238 

James  Dinsmoor,  45 

George  Gardner,  151 

John  Maynard,  358 

Hannibal  Powers,  89 

Silas  Tyler,  159 

William  Ripley,  305 

Tappan  Wenlworth,  331 

William  Johnson,  380 

Obadiah  W.  A I  bee,  83 
Thatcher  R.  Raymond,   19 


24 


House  of  Representatives. 


Melrose, 

John  T.  Paine, 

It 

Nalick, 

Newton, 

Marshall  S.  Rice, 

368 

Joseph  Barney, 

107 

Pcpperell, 

John  D.  Fisk, 

216 

Reading, 

James  S.  Campbell, 

139 

Sherburne, 

Shirley, 

Leonard  M.  Parker, 

111 

Somerville, 

George  0.  Brastow, 

254 

South  Reading, 

Edward  Mansfield, 

161 

Stoneham, 

George  Cowdry, 

95 

St oio. 

Peter  Fletcher, 

213 

Sudbury, 

Israel  Haynes, 

167 

Tcwksbury, 

Benj.  F.  S-paulding, 

1S5 

Townsend, 

Henry  A.  Gerry, 

392 

Tyngsborough, 

Walthani. 

Watertown, 

Seth  Bern  is,  Jr., 

133 

Way  laud, 

John  B.  Wight, 

10 

West  Cambridge, 

David  W.  Horton, 

20 

Westford, 

Nathan  S.  Hamblin, 

229 

Weston, 

Isaac  Cobnrn, 

171 

Wilmington, 

Nathan  Townsend, 

352 

Winchester, 

Frederic  0.  Prince, 

73 

Woburn, 

COUNTY 

OF   WORCESTER 

Ashhurnham, 

Ivors  Adams, 

366 

Athol, 

Nehemiah  Ward, 

16 

Auburn, 

Almerin  L.  Ackley, 

178 

House  of  Representatives. 


25 


Barre, 

Luke  Houghton, 

280 

Berlin, 

Amos  Sawyer,   4 

138 

Blackstone, 

Caleb  Thayer, 

70  * 

Bolton, 

Boylston, 

John  Andrews,  2d, 

98 

Brookjield, 

Alfred  Rice, 

59 

Charlton, 

Luther  Litchfield, 

234 

Clinton. 

Horatio  N.  Bigelow, 

92 

Dana, 

Leonard  Doaue, 

379 

Douglas, 

Perley  Gould, 

371 

Dudley. 

Henry  H.  Stevens, 

193 

Fitchburg, 

Charles  Mason,            Desk.  m 

Nathaniel  Wood, 

105 

Gardner, 

John  Edgell, 

189  - 

Grafton, 

Levi  Rawson, 

284  * 

Hardwick,  ' 

Alvah  South  worth, 

306 

Harvard, 

George  Gerry, 

327 

Ho  Id  en, 

George  W.  Bascom, 

50 

Hubbardston, 

William  Bennett,  Jr., 

100 

Lancaster, 

Anthony  Lane, 

269 

Leicester, 

Samuel  Watson, 

160 

Leominster, 

George  S.  Burrage, 

183  - 

Lunenburg, 

Willard  Porter, 

163 

Men  don, 

Francis  E.  W'heelock, 

104 

Milford, 

Hiram  Hunt. 

266 

Alfred  Bragg, 

166 

Millbury, 

Orville  E.  Thompson, 

121* 

Nero  Br&intree, 

Jonathan  G.  Frost, 

344 

Nort /thorough, 

Samuel  Clark, 

33^ 

Norihbridge, 

Erastns  0.  Benson, 

265 

North  Brookfield, 

Charles  Adams,  Jr., 

3S1~ 

Oakham, 

James  B.  Ware, 

2S5 

Oxford, 

Albert  A.  Cook, 

351 

4s 


26 


House  of  Representatives. 


Pax  ton, 

Samuel  D.  Harrington 

,  145 

Petersham, 

George  White, 

102  <■ 

Phillipstort, 

Charles  C.  Bassett, 

197 

Princeton, 

Ephraim  Beaman, 

237 

Royalston, 

Joseph  Raymond, 

99 

Rutland, 

George  A.  Gates, 

342 

Shrewsbury, 

Lucius  S.  Allen, 

144  - 

Southborough, 

Lovett  Fay, 

345  - 

Southbridge, 

Spencer, 

William  Baldwin, 

180 

Sterling, 

Luther  W.  Rugg, 

190 

Sturbridge, 

Emerson  Johnson, 

120 

Sutton, 

Salem  Charnberlin, 

22 

Templeton, 

Dexter  Gilbert, 

32 

Upton, 

Uxbridge, 

Warren  Lackey, 

288  " 

Warren, 

Webster, 

Nathan  Cody, 

40 

Westborough, 

Elmer  Brigham,. 

311- 

West  Boylston, 

E.  M.  Hosmer, 

124  - 

West  Brookfieldy 

William  Curtis, 

97 

Westminster, 

John  White, 

224 

Winchendon, 

Alvah  Godding, 

350  - 

Worcester, 

John  Milton  Earle. 

61  - 

Edward  Earle, 

274   ^ 

Benjamin  Flagg, 

188 

John  P.  Gleason, 

231 

Charles  Washburn,, 

108 

COUNTY    OF   HAMPSHIRE. 

Amherst,  William  C.  Fowler,       299 


House  of  Representatives. 


27 


Belcher  town. 

Leonard  Barrett, 

176 

Chesterfield, 

Hudson  Bates, 

373 

Cummington. 

Charles  Shaw, 

243 

Easthampton, 

John  Wright,  2d, 

147 

Enfield, 

Henry  Fobes, 

140 

Goshen, 

William  Tilton, 

46 

Granby, 

Lucius  Ferry, 

313 

Greenwich, 

Luke  Earle, 

370 

Hadley, 

Dudley  Smith, 

162 

Hatfield, 

Elijah  Bard  well,  Jr., 

362 

Middlefield, 

Northampton, 

Norwich, 

William  Taylor, 

255 

Pelham, 

■Nehemiah  W.  Aldrich 

,338 

Plainfield, 

Freeman  Hamlin, 

101 

Prescott, 

Nelson  B.  Jones, 

129 

South  Hadley, 

Lorenzo  Gaylord, 

354 

Southampton, 

Chauncy  Clapp, 

286 

Ware, 

Ira  P.  Gould, 

198 

Westhampton, 

Daniel  W.  Clark, 

220 

Williamsburg, 

Hiram  Hill, 

326 

Worthington. 

Ethan  Barnes, 

273 

COUNTY 

OF   HAMPDEN. 

Blandford, 

Justin  Wilson, 

297 

Brimfield, 

Chester, 

Anrelins  C.  Root, 

24 

Chicopee, 

Giles  S.  Chapin, 

375 

' 

Alpheus  Nettleton, 

400 

John  Wells, 

14 

28 


House  of  Representatives. 


Granville. 

Vincent  Holcombe, 

168 

Holland, 

Holyoke, 

Alexander  Day, 

347 

Long  meadow. 

Burgess  Salsbury, 

38 

Ludlow, 

Monson, 

Montgomery, 

William  Squier, 

201 

Palmer, 

Joseph  Brown,  2d, 

184 

Russell, 

Roland  Parks, 

30 

Southwick, 

John  Holcomb, 

155 

Springfield, 

Henry  Adams, 

365 

John  Mills, 

292 

Edward  F.  Moseley, 

384 

Thomas  W.  Wason, 

310 

Tolland, 

William  E.  Barnes, 

82 

Wales, 

Arbey  Squier, 

164 

Westfield, 

James  Noble, 

349 

West  Springfield, 

Daniel  G.  White, 

235 

Wilbraham, 

Roderick  S.  Merrick, 

281 

COUNTY 

OF   FRANKLIN. 

Ashfield, 

Hosea  Blake, 

194 

Bernardston, 

John  E.  Burke, 

196 

Buck  land, 

Bartlett  Ballard, 

289 

Charlemont, 

Hart  Leavitt, 

84 

Coleraine, 

Horatio  Flagg, 

74 

Conway, 

James  S.  Whitney, 

110 

Deer  field. 

Cephas  Clapp, 

309 

Erving, 

Fordyce  Alexander, 

132 

Gill,  ' 

Eliphalet  S.  Darling, 

314 

Greenfield, 

Lucius  Nims, 

187 

House  of  Representatives. 


20 


Haw  ley, 
Heat  It, 

George  Lathrop, 
Joseph  White,  2d, 

23 

291 

Lcverett, 

Silas  Ball, 

114 

Ley  (/en, 
Monroe, 

E.  Wing  Packer, 
Asahel  Gore, 

150 
361 

Montague, 

Erastus  Andrews, 

217 

New  Sah 

Alpheus  Harding,  Jr., 

191 

North  field, 
Orange, 

Rodney  Hunt, 

76 

Hone, 

.    Noah  Wells, 

324 

Skelburne, 

Ebenezer  G.  Lamson, 

212 

Shutesbury, 

Hardin  Hemenway. 

356 

Sunderland, 

Horace  Lyman, 

222 

Warwick, 

Ansel  Davis, 

339 

Wendell, 

Samuel  Brewer, 

319 

Whately, 

COUNTY    OF   BERKSHIRE. 


Adams. 

Alford, 

Becket, 

Cheshire, 

Clarksburg, 

Dalton, 

Egremont, 

Florida, 

Great  Barrington, 

Ha  n  cork, 

Hinsdale, 


Stephen  L.  Arnold,  31 

John  H.  Orr,  260 

William  Milligan,  287 

Nathan  Barnes,  355 

Silas  Cole,  323 

Burr  Chamberlin,  290 

James  Baldwin,  317 

Ephraim  Tower,  378 

Noble  B.  Pickett.  123 

Gardner  Eld  ridge,  295 

Munroe  Emmons,  173 


30 


House  of  Representatives. 


Lanesborough, 

Asahel  Buck, 

125 

Lee, 

Harrison  Garfield, 

15 

Lenox, 

M.  S.  Wilson, 

247 

Monterey, 

John  Branning, 

258 

Mt.  Washington, 

New  Ashford, 

Norman  G.  Baxter, 

158 

New  Marlborough 

,  Benjamin  Smith, 

402 

Otis,      . 

Henry  K.  Spellman, 

199 

Peru, 

Zenas  Watkins, 

318 

Piltsjield, 

Samuel  A.  Churchill, 

60 

Ensign  H.  Kellogg, 

65 

Richmond, 

Samuel  Bartlett, 

316 

Sandisjicld, 

Francis  Baxter, 

192 

Savoy, 

Robert  Sturtevant.,  Jr. 

,  131 

Sheffield, 

Rodney  Sage, 

300 

Stockbridge, 

Edward  C.  Carter, 

122 

Tyringham, 

Ezra  Heath, 

335 

Washington, 

Samuel  Bell, 

242 

West  Stockbridge, 

Andrew  Fuarey, 

385 

Williamslown, 

William  White. 

156 

Windsor, 

Reuben  Pierce, 

325 

COUNTY 

OF   NORFOLK. 

Bellingham, 

Martin  Rockwood, 

119 

Braintree, 

Caleb  Stetson, 

68 

Brooklinc% 

William  Aspinwall, 

205 

Canton, 

Charles  Endicott, 

382 

Cohasset, 

Thomas  Stoddard, 

51 

Dcdham, 

Ezra  Wilkinson, 

67 

Dorchester, 

Edward  Sharp, 

18 

Nathaniel  F.  Saftbrd, 

2S2 

House  of  Representatives. 


31 


Dover, 

Ralph  Sanger, 

79 

Foxborough, 

Martin  Torrey, 

41 

Franklin, 

William  Metcalf, 

2G1 

Mcdficld, 

Jonathan  P.  Bishop, 

371 

Medway, 

Milton', 

Jason  Reed, 

1 

Need  ham, 

Henry  Robinson, 

179 

Quincy, 

Joseph  W.  Robertson, 

301 

George  Marsh, 

148 

Randolph, 

Ezra  S.  Conant, 

137 

Roxbury, 

Stephen  M.  Allen, 

322 

Joseph  N.  Brewer, 

174 

Theodore  Dunn, 

93 

James  M.  Keith, 

5 

John  L.  Plummer, 

4 

John  S.  Sleeper, 

130 

Sharon, 

Stonghton,, 

Albert  Johnson, 

233 

Walpole, 

Palmer  Morey, 

206 

Weymouth, 

Elias  Hunt, 

109 

Benjamin  F.  White. 

259 

Wrentham, 

COUNTY   OF   BRISTOL. 


Altleborougk, 

Berkley, 

Dartmouth, 

Dighton, 

Easton, 

Fair  haven, 


Lyman  W.  Daggett,  202 

Abiel  B.  Crane,  211 

Francis  D.  Bartlett,  208 

Jonathan  Jones,  236 

Isaac  Wood,  Jr.,  256 


32 


House  of  Representatives. 


Fall  I?' 


Freetown, 
Mansfield, 
New  Bedford, 


Nathaniel  B.  Borden,  364 

Richard  Borden,  143 

Richard  C.  French,  240 

James  B.  Luther,  12 

William  Hall,  359 

William  B.  Bates,  157 

Thomas  Kempton,  328 

Obed  Nye,  27? 

Richard  A.  Palmer,  39 


Norton, 

Pawtucket, 

Raynham, 

Re/wboth, 

Scekonk, 

Somerset, 

Swanzey, 

Taunton, 


West-port, 


Austin  Messinger, 

Cassander  Gilmore, 
Sylvester  Hunt, 
John  Gregory, 
Benjamin  Oartwright, 
William  T.  Chase, 
John  Andrews, 
Lewis  R.  Chesbrongh, 
James  M.  Williams, 
Frederick  Brownell, 


9.   *» 


209 
210 
263 
304 
7 
262 
195 
94 
172 


COUNTY    OF    PLYMOUTH. 


Abington, 


Bridgewater, 

Carver, 
Duxbury, 


East  Bridgewater,  Levi  Churchill, 
Halifax,  Edwin  In  glee, 


Isaac  Hersey,  271 

James  W.  Ward, 

Asahel  Hathaway, 

Matthias  LI  I  is, 

Joshua  W.  Hathaway,  248 

353 
226 


343 
315 
332 


House  of  Representatives. 


33 


Hanover, 

John  S.  Barry, 

85 

Hanson, 

Elijah  Damon, 

251 

Hingham, 

Charles  W.  dishing, 

264 

Hull, 

Martin  Knight, 

278 

Kingston, 

Nathaniel  Faunce, 

253 

Marshfield, 

Luther  Hatch, 

214 

Middleborough , 

Everett  Robinson, 

334 

Joshua  Wood, 

58 

..V.  Bridgewater. 

Jesse  Perkins, 

35 

Pembroke, 

Joseph  Cobb, 

218 

Plymouth, 

William  H.  Bradford, 

000 

Plympton, 

Joseph  B.  Nye, 

329 

Rochester, 

John  H.  Clark, 

232 

Scituate, 

Elijah  Jenkins,  Jr., 

215 

South  Scituate, 

James  Southworth, 

383 

Wareham, 

Lewis  Kinney, 

128 

W.  Bridgewater, 

Joseph  Kingman, 

293 

COUNTY   OF   BARNSTABLE. 
Barnstable, 


Brewster, 

Chatham, 

Dennis, 

Eastham, 

Falmouth, 

Harwich, 

Orleans, 

Provi?icetowri. 

Sandwich, 


Josiah  Seabury,  89 

Josiah  Kendrick,  42 

Thomas  Hall,  17 

Scutter  Cobb,  228 

David  Lawrence,  135 

Nathaniel  Doane,  Jr.,  283 

Leander  Crosby,  303 

Joseph  P.  Johnson,  245 


58 


34  House  of  Representatives. 

Truro, 

Wellfleet,  Ebenezer  Freeman,        175 

Yarmouth,  Nathaniel  S.  Simpkins,  106 


DUKES   COUNTY. 

Chilmark,               Herman  Vincent,  56 

Edgartown,             Sirson  P.  Coffin,  302 

Tisbury,                  William  S.  Vincent,  25 


COUNTY  OF  NANTUCKET. 

Nantucket,  James  H.  Briggs,  37 

Reuben  Maeder,  276 

Obed  Swain,  227 


LEWIS  JOSSELYN,  Clerk. 

Rev.  George  M.  Randall,  Chaplain. 

„  0  C  Sergeant  at  Arms  of  the 

Benjamin  Stevens,  |        *  fera/  Courl 

Alexis  Poole,  Doorkeeper. 

David  Murphy,  Messenger. 

Joseph  P.  Dexter,  Assistant  Messenger. 

Timothy  Hayes,  Postmaster. 

Silas  H.  Buckingham,  Page. 

James  N.  Tolman,  Jr.,  Assistant  Page. 


STANDING  COMMITTEES  OF  THE 
SENATE. 


ON  THE  JUDICIARY. 
Messrs.  Griswold,  Wood,  of  Plymouth,  and  Russell. 

ON  MATTERS  IN  PROBATE  AND  CHANCERY. 
Messrs.  Warner,  Wood,  of  Worcester,  and  Barney. 

ON  THE  TREASURY. 
Messrs.  Sears,  Taber  and  Brown. 

ON  BILLS  IN  THE  THIRD  READING. 

Messrs.  Saunders,  Kuhn,  Wood, of  Plymouth,  Beach, 
Russell  and  Kimball. 

ON  ENGROSSED  BILLS. 

Messrs.  Hilliard,  Whitney,  Graves,  Hawley,  Morri- 
son and  Wellington. 


JOINT  STANDING  COMMITTEES. 


ON   ACCOUNTS. 

Messrs.  Howe  and 
Boynton, 

Messrs.  Adams,  of  N.  Brookfield, 
Brewer,  of  Roxbury, 
Packer,  of  Leyden, 
Seaver,  of  Boston, 
Kelsey,  of  Concord, 


k 


the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


ON  AGRICULTURE. 

Messrs.  Wellington  and 
Moseley, 

Messrs.  Brigham,  of  Westboro', 
Buck,  of  Lanesborough, 
Barry,  of  Hanover, 
Hunt,  of  Rehoboth, 
Russell,  of  Lexington, 


of  the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


ON  BANKS   AND  BANKING. 


Messrs.  DeWitt  and 
Kuhn, 

Messrs.  Stetson,  of  Braintree, 
Cowdry,  of  Stoneham, 
Williams,  of  Taunton, 
Hooper,  of  Boston, 
Kingman,  of  W.  Bridge- 
water, 


k 


the  Senate. 


>  of  the  House 


Joint  Standing  Committees. 


37 


ON    CLAIMS. 

Messrs.  Bigelow  and 
Dean, 

Messrs.  Bishop,  of  Medfield, 
Nutter,  of  Boston, 
Wilson,  of  Blandford, 
Milligan,  of  Alford, 
Powers,  of  Lowell, 


the  Senate. 


■  of  the  House. 


ON  EDUCATION. 

Messrs.  Keyes  and 
Hyde, 

Messrs.  Curtis,  of  W.  Brookfield, 
Coggswell,  of  Bedford, 
Fowler,  of  Amherst, 
Kettell,  of  Boston, 
Ward,  of  Abington, 


the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


ON  FISHERIES. 

Messrs.  Cazneau  and 
Kimball, 

Messrs.  Coffin,  of  Edgartown, 
Crosby,  of  Orleans, 
Gott,  of  Rockport, 
Swain,  of  Nantucket, 
Johnson,  of  Provincetown, 


the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


ON  THE  LIBRARY. 

Messrs.  Buckingham,  Sears  and 
Robinson, 

Messrs.  Parker,  of  Shirley, 

Earle",  of  Greenwich, 
Sleeper,  of  Roxbury, 


>  of  the  Senate. 

>  of  the  House. 


38 


Joint  Standing  Committees. 


ON  MANUFACTURES 

Messrs.  Robinson  and 
Hilliard, 

Messrs.  Whitney,  of  Conway, 
Stone,  of  Charlestown, 
Wightman,  of  Boston, 
Ackley,  of  Auburn, 
Faunce,  of  Kingston, 


>  of  the  Senate, 
of  the  House. 


ON  MERCANTILE  AFFAIRS  AND  INSURANCE 

Messrs.  Seaver  and 

Wood,  of  Worcester, 
Messrs.  Raymond,  of  Medford, 

Barker,  of  Lawrence, 

Borden,  of  Fall  River, 

Gardner,  of  Boston, 

Jenkins,  of  Scituate, 


\  of  the  Senate. 

1 

of  the  House. 


ON  THE  MILITIA. 

Messrs.  Hawley  and 
Saunders, 

Messrs.  Wilson,  of  Lenox, 

Nettleton,  of  Chicopee, 
Brastow,  of  Somerville, 
Foster,  of  Groveland, 
Hatch,  of  Marshfield, 


k 


the  Senate. 


1 


y  of  the  House. 


J 


W 


the  Senate. 


ON   PARISHES  AND  RELIGIOUS   SOCIETIES. 

Messrs.  Welch  and 

Hubbard, 
Messrs.  Wood,  of  Middleborough, 

Elliot,  of  Littleton, 

Wells,  of  Chicopee,  )-of  the  House. 

Daggett,  of  Attleborough, 

Flagg,  of  Coleraine, 


Joint  Standing  Committees.  39 

ON   PRISONS. 

Messrs.  Beach  and  \  of  tU  Smate 

Keyes, 
_  Messrs.  Thorndikc,  of  Charlesto'n, 
Kimball  ot*  Boston, 

Walcott,  of  Danvers,  \  of  the  House. 

Fuarey ,  of  W.  Stockbridge, 
Hall,  of  Freetown, 

ON  PUBLIC  CHARITABLE  INSTITUTIONS. 

Messrs.  Graves  and  )  Qr  the  Senate 

Warner,  ) 

Messrs.  Earle,  of  Worcester, 

Lincoln,  of  Boston, 

Toppan,  of  Newburyport,   ^qf  the  House. 

Farwell,  of  Cambridge, 

Bates,  of  Mansfield, 


ON  PUBLIC  EXPENDITURES. 

Messrs.  Buckingham  and  )     r  tU  SenaU 

Daniels,  )  J 

Messrs.  Holcombe,  of  Granville, 
Edgell,  of  Gardner, 
Bancroft,  of  Lowell,  \  of  the  House 


Cobb,  of  Pembroke, 
Sanger,  of  Dover, 


I 

> 


ON  PUBLIC   LANDS. 

Messrs.  Whitney  and  \  of  the  Smate 

Morrison, 
Messrs.  Woodbury,  of  Acton, 

Payson,  of  Rowley, 

Alexander,  of  Erving,         ^of  the  House. 

Gilmore,  of  Raynham, 

Arnold,  of  Adams, 


40 


Joint  Standing  Committees. 


u 


ON   RAILWAYS   AND  CANALS. 

Messrs.  Wilkins  and 

Usher, 
Messrs.  Payne,  of  Melrose, 

Bennett,  of  Hubbardston, 

Simpkins,  of  Yarmouth, 

Conant,  of  Randolph, 

Smith,  of  Hadley, 


the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


ON   ROADS  AND  BRIDGES. 

Messrs.  Newell  and 

Austin, 
Messrs.  Sturtevant,  of  Savoy, 

Lawrence,  of  Falmouth, 

Sawyer,  of  Berlin, 

Kimball,  of  Salem, 

Metcalf  of  Franklin, 


the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


ON  TOWNS. 

Messrs.  Basset  and 
Brown, 

Messrs.  Adams,  of  Ashburnham, 
Dinsmoor,  of  Lowell, 
Parks  of  Russell, 
Keith,  of  Roxbury, 
Hathaway,  of  Duxbury, 


w 


the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


STANDING  COMMITTEES 

OF   THE 

HOUSE   OF   REPRESENTATIVES, 


ON  THE  JUDICIARY. 

Messrs.  Cashing,  of  Newbury,  Mills,  of  Springfield* 
Curtis,  of  Boston,  Wilkinson,  of  Dedham,  Went- 
worth,  of  Lowell,  Safford,  of  Dorchester,  Nims, 
of  Greenfield. 

ON  MATTERS  OF  PROBATE  AND  CHANCERY. 

Messrs.  Branning,  of  Monterey,  Plimpton,  of  Boston, 
Prince,  of  Winchester,  Robinson,  of  Middle- 
borough,  Clark,  of  Northborough,  Wells,  of 
Rowe,  Earle,  of  Greenwich. 

ON  FINANCE. 

Messrs.  Frothingham,  of  Charlestown,  Wood,  of 
Fitchburg,  Kellogg,  of  Pittsfield,  Hunt,  of  Or- 
ange,  Brooks,  of  Boston,  Jones,  of  Prescott, 
Crane,  of  Berkley. 

ON   ELECTIONS. 

Messrs.  Wood,  of  Fitchburg,  Leavitt,  of  Charle- 
mont,  Schouler,  of  Boston,  Payne,  of  Melrose, 
Story,  of  Salem,  Robinson,  of  Middleborough, 
Palmer,  of  New  Bedford. 

ON  BILLS   IN  THE   THIRD   READING. 

Messrs.    Mason,  of  Fitchburg,    Haines,   of  Lynn, 
Pond,  of  Boston,  Albee,  of  Marlborough,  Ames, 
of  Chelsea,  White,  of  West  Springfield,  Cham- 
berlin,  of  Dalton. 
6s 


42  Standing  Committees. 


ON  ENGROSSED  BILLS. 


Messrs.  Claflin,  of  Hopkinton,  Brownell,  of  West- 
port,  Chesbrough,  of  Taunton,  Emmons,  of 
Hinsdale,  Clark,  of  Westhampton,  Day,  of  Hol- 
yoke,  Briggs,  of  Nantucket. 

ON  COUNTY  ESTIMATES. 

Messrs.  Messenger,  of  Norton,  Endicott,  of  Canton, 
Ferry,  of  Granby,  Cole,  of  Cheshire,  Maeder,  of 
Nantucket. 

ON  THE  PAY  ROLL. 

Messrs.  Flagg,  of  Worcester,  Wood,  of  Fair- 
haven,  Spellman,  of  Otis,  Sleeper,  of  Boston, 
Churchill,  of  East  Bridgewater. 

ON   CHANGE  OF  NAMES. 

Messrs.  Burk,  of  Bernardston,  Allen,  of  Shrews- 
bury, Seabury,  of  Brewster,  Shaw,  of  Cumming- 
ton,  Coburn,  of  Weston. 

ON  LEAVE  OF  ABSENCE. 

Messrs.  Harding,  of  New  Salem,  J.  Munroe,  of 
Boston,  Vincent,  of  Chilmark,  Rugg,  of  Sterling. 
Robinson,  of  Needham. 

ON   PUBLIC   BUILDINGS. 

Messrs.  Wason,  of  Springfield,  Thompson,  of 
Millbury,  Marsh,  of  Boston,  Hammond,  of  Lynn* 
Stoddard,  of  Cohasset. 

ON    PRINTING. 

Messrs.  Ames,  of  Chelsea,  Jones,  of  Cambridge, 
Gerry,  of  Harvard,  Hall,  of  Dennis,  Hemen- 
way,  of  Shutesbury. 


Assignment  of  Committee  R  >oms.  43 

MONITORS  OF  THE   HOUSE. 

First  Division.— Messrs.  BENNETT,  of  Hub- 
bardston,  and  SCHOULER,  of  Boston. 

Second  Division. — Messrs.  COWDRY,  of  Stone- 
ham,  and  RAYMOND,  of  Royalston. 

Third  Division.— Messrs.  WALCOTT,  of  Dan- 
vers,  and  WILLIAMS,  of  Taunton. 

Fourth  Division. — Messrs.  BARRY,  of  Hano- 
ver, and  SEABROOK,  of  Brewster. 

Fifth  Division.— Messrs.  LEAVITT,  of  Char- 
lemont,  and  MUNROE,  of  Boston. 

Sixth    Division. — Messrs.   HUNT,  of  Orange, 
and  SANGER,  of  Dover. 

West  Gallery. — Messrs.  MOSELEY,  of  Spring- 
field, and  NETTLETON,  of  Chicopee. 

East  Gallery.— Messrs.    ALDRICH,    of    Pel- 
ham,  and  ODIN,  of  Boston. 


ASSIGNMENT  OF  COMMITTEE  ROOMS. 
EAST  WING. 


Committee  on  Towns, 

- 

Lobby,  No.  7 

k 

on  Roads  and  Brid 

Iges, 

-       "    7 

<< 

on  Prisons, 

- 

-       "    7 

<( 

on  Railroads,  - 

- 

-     Nos.  8  &  9 

it 

on  Library, 

- 

Library. 

(< 

on  Education, 

- 

(C 

<( 

on  Finance,     - 

- 

Auditor's  Office. 

<< 

(( 


WEST  WING. 

on  Agriculture,  -  Lobby,  No.  1 1 
on  Accounts,  -  -  -  -  <;  11 
on  Printing,  -  -  -  -  "  11 
on  Trobate  and  Chancery,  -  "  13 
on  Fisheries,  -         -         -         -    "     13 


44  Cloaks,  Overcoats,  Sfc. 

Committee  on  Parishes  and  Relig.  Societies,  No.  13 

"  on  Judiciary,  -         -         -         -    *'     14 

"  on    Banks    and    Banking,     Sergeant-at- 

Arms,  No.  15. 

"  on  Claims  and  County  Estimates,  Ser- 

geant-at-Arms,  No.  15. 

on  Public  Buildings,  Sergeant-at-Arms, 

No.  15. 

"  on  Public  Lands,         -         Land  Office. 

"  on  Militia,      Adjutant  General's  Office. 

"  on    Mercantile    Affairs    and    Insurance, 

No.  1,  Attic. 

on  Manufactures,        -         No.  2,  Attic. 

"  on  Public  Charitable  Institutions,  Senate 

Lobby. 

on  Elections,     -         -        Green  Room. 

4u    i>      i>   it  ~)  Office  of  Clerk 

"  on  the  Pay  Roll,  f    f  h       f  M 

"  on  leave  of  Absence,  >       .. 

^,  c  « T  '  f  on  the  west  entry 

on  Change  of  Names,  J  of  the  Rep  RJ 


DEPOSIT  OF  CLOAKS,  OVERCOATS,  &c. 

No.  12,  West  Wing,  is  reserved  for  Members 
occupying  seats  in  the  first  and  second  Divisions, 
and  the  West  Gallery,  to  deposit  their  Coats, 
Cloaks,  &c.  And  for  said  purpose,  Lobby  No. 
10,  East  Wing,  for  the  Members  occupying  seats 
in  Divisions  3,  4,  5,  6,  and  East  Gallery. 

Messengers  will  be  in  constant  attendance  for 
their  security. 

Q^Members  are  particularly  requested  to  use 
the  numbers  corresponding  with  their  seats. 


CIVIL  GOVERNMENT 

OF    THE 

<Cammaiiin*nltlj   nf  3&hmu§miIU. 

WITH    PLACES    OF    RESIDENCE. 
1851. 


His  Excellency  GEORGE  S.  BOUT  WELL,  Governor. 
Adams  House. 

His  Honor  HENRY   W.  CUSHMAN,  Lieut.  Governor. 
Adams  House. 

COUNCIL. 

ISAAC   EMERY,  134  Sea  street. 

JOHN   B.  ALLEY,  At  home,  Lynn. 

GEORGE    W.  DIKE,  At  home,  Stoneham. 

ISAAC   DAVIS,  At  home,  Worcester. 

R.  B.  HUBBARD,  Marlboro'  Hotel. 
NOAH   GIBSON, 

E.  K.  WHITAKER,  Adams  House. 

PHILO   LEACH,  At  home,  Bridgewater. 

JOHNSON   GARDNER,  Adams  House. 

A  MAS  A  WALKER,  Secretary  of  State,  Adams  House. 

CHARLES  B.  HALL,  Treasurer  and  Receiver  General. 
Adams  House. 

DAVID  WILDER,  Jr..  Auditor,  32  Derne  street. 

NOAH   ROBINSON,  Messenger  to  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil, 23  Hudson  street. 


LIST     OF    MEMBERS 


OF    THE 


SENATE 


HENRY    WILSON,  President,  Marlboro'  Hotel. 


SUFFOLK. 


David  Sears, 
Benjamin  Seaver, 
John  H.  Wilkins, 
George  H.  Kuhn, 
Charles  Theodore  Russell, 
Charles  Hubbard, 


42  Beacon  steeet. 
Revere  House. 
52  Bowdoin  street. 
66  Beacon  street. 
17  Edinburgh  street. 
At  home,  Chelsea. 


ESSEX. 


Moses  Newell, 
Frederick  Robinson, 
Daniel  Saunders,  Jr., 
Robert  S.  Daniels, 
Edmund  Kimball, 


Wilde's  Hotel. 
At  home,  Marblehead. 
At  home,  Lawrence. 
At  home,  Danvers. 
At  home,  Bradford. 


MIDDLESEX. 


Joseph  T.  Buckingham, 
John  W.  Graves, 
John  Boynton, 
Luke  Wellington, 
James  M.  Usher, 


At  home,  Cambridge. 
At  home,  Lowell. 
At  home,  Groton. 
City  Hotel. 
At  home,  Medford. 


Residence  of  Members. 


47 


Alexander  De  Witt, 
Edward  B.  Bigelow, 
Francis  Howe, 
Giles  H.  Whitney, 
Moses  Wood, 


WORCESTER. 

Adams  House. 


12  Somerset  street. 
Franklin,  cr.  of  Hawley  st. 
American  House. 


HAMPSHIRE. 

William  A.  Hawley,  Winthrop  House. 

William  Hyde,  Jr.,  Winthrop  House. 


Whiting  Griswold, 


Erasmus  D.  Beach, 
David  Mosely, 


Richard  P.  Brown, 
Asa  G.  Welch, 


Samuel  Warner,  Jr., 
Edward  L.  Keyes, 
Alvah  Morrison, 


William  H.  Wood, 
Edward  Cazneau, 


William  C.  Taber, 
Lyman  W.  Dean, 
George  Austin, 


FRANKLIN. 

Adams  House. - 

HAMPDEN. 

Winthrop  House. 
Adams  House. 

BERKSHIRE. 

United  States  Hotel. 
Adams  House. 

NORFOLK. 

Adams  House. 
At  home,  Dedham. 
At  home,  Braintree. 

PLYMOUTH. 

Adams  House. 

At  home,  Hingham. 

BRISTOL. 

Adams  House. 
Adams  House. 
Washington  Coffee  House. 


48  Residence  of  Members, 

BARNSTABLE. 

Stephen  Hilliard,  Slade's  Hotel. 

Zenas  D.  Bassett,  Adams  House. 

NANTUCKET    AND  DUKES   COUNTY. 
William  Barney,  Adams  House. 


CHAUNCEY   L.  KNAPP,  Clerk,  Marlboro'  Hotel. 

JOSEPH  H.  BUCKINGHAM,  Assistant  Clerk,  Ex- 
change Coffee  House. 

Rev.  A.  L.  STONE,  Chaplain,  12  Myrtle  street. 

WILLIAM   M.  WISE,  Doorkeeper,  54  Orange  st. 

JAMES  N.  TOLMAN,  Assistant  Doorkeeper.  2  Bay 
street. 

TILSON   FULLER,  Pa«e,  161  Court  St. 


LIST     OF     MEMBERS 


OK    THE 


HOUSE   OF   REPRESENTATIVES. 


NATHANIEL   P.  BANKS,  Jr.,  Speaker,  Adams  House. 


COUNTY   OF   SUFFOLK. 


Boston,  Sidney  Bartlett, 

John  Bigelow, 
Charles  Boardman, 
Billings  Briggs, 
Edward  Brooks, 
Isaac  Cary. 
Otis  Clapp, 
Calvin  W.  Clark, 
Bobert  L   Colby, 
Samuel  F.  Coolidge, 
Benjamin  R.  Curtis, 
Tisdale  Drake, 
William  Eaton, 
Thnmas  Edwards, 
Henry  H.  Fuller, 
Henry  J.  Gardner, 
Junius  Hall, 
Samuel  Hooper, 
Benjamin  James, 
,Eliphalet  Jones. 
Isaac  Jones, 
Samuel  Kettell. 
7s 


95  Beacon  st. 
42  Blossom  st. 

3  Ashland  st. 
Myrtle  ct. 

21  Beacon  st. 
719  Washington  st. 
44  Chailes  st. 
1  Kingston  st. 
100  Third  St.,  S.  B. 

1  Chestnut  st. 
93  Beacon  st. 
42  Sea  st. 

27S  Broadway,  S.  B. 
Border  St.,  E.  B. 

2  Avon  pi. 

13  Mt.  Vernon  st. 
16  Essex  st. 
85  Mt.  Vernon  st. 
341  Broadway,  S.  B. 

4  McLean  st. 

213  Fourth  st.,  S.  B. 
27  Howard  st. 


50 


Residence  of  Members. 


Boston. 


Chelsea, 
North  Chelsea, 


Moses  Kimball, 
Ezra  Lincoln, 
Ruben  AIar>h, 
Abel  B.  IWunroe, 
James  Munroe, 
Charles  C.  Nutter, 
John  Odin.  Jr., 
Julius  A.  Palmer, 
John  F.  Payson, 
Silas  F.  Plimpton, 
Benjamin  Pond, 
William  Pope, 
John  P.  Putnam, 
William  Schooler, 
Nathaniel  Seaver, 
Thomas  J.  Shelton, 
Jacob  Sleeper, 
John  Spence,  Jr., 
Elijah  Stearns, 
George  Whittemore, 
Joseph  M.  Wightman, 
Clement  Willis, 
Azel  Ames, 
Edward  Bassett, 
Edward  Floyd, 


15  Bennet  st. 

502  Washington  st. 

40  Salem  st. 

4  Tileston  si. 

1  Garden  Ct.  st. 
Montgomery  House. 
88  Tremont  st. 
3  Crescent  pi. 
3  New  Prince  st. 

1  Lyman  pi. 
121  Webster  st. 

2  Garland  st. 

37  West  Cedar  si. 
36  Pearl  st. 
East  Boston. 

1  Hartford  pi. 
53  Summer  si. 

2  Baldwin  pi. 
114  Salem  st. 

27  Washington  sq. 
79  Carver  st. 

5  Essex  st. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 


COUNTY   OF   ESSEX. 

Roxford,  Samuel  H.  Balchelder,  Cambridgeport, 

Bradford,  Nathaniel  Peabody,       Griffin's,  Braitle  st. 

Danvers,  William  Walcott, 

Olis  JMudge, 

Henry  A.  Hardy, 
Essex.  Gilman  P.  Allen, 


At  home. 
At  hotne. 
At  home. 
32  Leverett  St. 


Residence  of  Members. 


51 


Georgetown, 
Gloucester 

Groveland, 

Ipswich, 

Lawrence, 


Lynn, 


Lynnfield, 
Manchester, 
Newbur , , 
Newburyport, 


Rockport. 

Rowley, 

Salem, 


Salisbury. 
Saugus, 
Topsfield, 
Wenham, 
West  Newbury, 


Henry  H   Baker, 
Jeremiah  R.  Cook, 
William  H.  Haskell, 
Moses  Foster,  Jr., 
Nath"l  R.  Farley,  Jr., 
James  K.  Barker, 
Morris  Knovvles, 
George  D.  Lund, 
Israel  BufTum, 
Joseph  Haines, 
John  Q.  Hammond, 
Isaiah  Hacker, 
William  Skinner,  Jr.. 
John  Girdler,  2d, 
Caleb  Cushing, 
Jeremiah  Colman, 
Edward  Toppan,  Jr., 
Isaac  Sievens, 
Addison  Gott, 
Thomas  E.  Pay  son, 
William  Kimball, 
William  F  Nichols, 
Joseph  B.  F.  Osgood, 
Charles  M  Richardson 
Augustus  Story, 
Michael  Shepard, 
John  Q.  Evans, 
Charles  Sweetser, 
Nehemiah  Balch, 
John  Porter, 
Benjamin  Edwards, 


8  La  Grange  pi. 
7  Leverett  st. 
At  home. 

Griffin's,  Brattle  st. 
At  home. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
At  home. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Pavilion. 
Patterson  House. 
At  home. 
At  home. 

New  England  House. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
,At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
Franklin  House. 
At  home. 

Wash.  Coffee  House. 
At  home. 
At  home. 


52 


Residence  of  Members. 


Acton, 

Ashby, 

Ashland, 

Bedford, 

Boxborough, 

Brighton, 

Burlington, 

Cambridge, 


COUNTY  OF  MIDDLESEX. 

James  T.  Woodbury,    City  Hotel. 
Howard  Gates,  Slade's  Hotel. 

James  Jackson, 


Carlisle, 
Charlestoivn, 


Chelmsford., 

Concord, 

Dracut, 

Dunstable, 

Framingham. 

Groton, 

Holliston. 

Hopkinton, 

Lexington, 

Liricolu, 

Littleton, 

Lowell, 


Francis  Coggswell, 

John  Fletcher, 

David  Collins, 

William  Winn,  Jr., 

Stephen  T.  Farwell, 

Justin  Jones, 

Willard  Phillips. 

Franklin  Sawyer,  Ji 

Charles  Wood, 

John  Jacobs, 

Rich.  Frothingham,Jr.,At  home. 

James  M.  Stone.  At  home. 

Oliver  Smith, 

Edward  Thorndike, 

John  L.  Taggard, 

Jabez  Stevens, 

Aaron  A.  Kelsey, 

Archibald  O.  Varnum,  At  home. 

Ira  Hall,  Pearl  Street  House. 


At  home. 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Franklin  House. 

At  home. 

At  home. 

At  home. 

At  home 

At  home. 

At  home. 

At  home. 

City  Hotel. 


At  home. 

At  home. 

At  home. 

54  South  Margin  >t 

Citv  Hotel. 


Carleton  Parker, 
Phineas  G.  Prescott, 
Simeon  Fisher, 
William  Claflin, 
Philip  Russell, 
Daniel  Weston, 
Jacob  G.  Elliot, 
Jefferson  Bancroft, 
Francis  Bush, 
Joseph  Bedlow, 
James  Dinsmoor, 


At  home. 

At  home. 

At  home. 

Bromfield  House 

At  home. 

At  home. 

At  home. 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

At  home. 

At  home. 

At  home. 


Residence  of  Members. 


53 


Lowell. 

George  Gardner, 

At  home. 

John  Maynard, 

At  home. 

Hannibal  Powers, 

At  home. 

Silas  Tyler, 

At  home. 

William  Ripley, 

At  Charlestown,  J.  B 

Tappan  Wentworth, 

At  home.        [Morse 

Maiden, 

William  Johnson. 

At  home. 

Marlborough, 

Obadiah  W.  Albee. 

Cr  of  Richmond  and 

Medford, 

Thatcher  R.  Raymon 

d,At  home.    [Hanover 

Melrose, 

John  T.  Paine, 

At  home. 

Natkk, 

Nathaniel  Clark, 

At  home. 

Newton, 

Marshall  S.  Rice, 

At  home. 

Joseph  Barney, 

Adams  House. 

Pepperell. 

John  D.  Fisk, 

At  home. 

Reading, 

James  S.  Campbell, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Shirley, 

Leonard  M.  Tarker, 

Montgomery  House 

Somerville. 

George  0.  Brastow, 

At  home. 

South  Beading, 

Edward  Mansfield, 

At  home. 

Stoneham, 

George  Cowdry, 

At  home. 

Stow, 

Peter  Fletcher, 

At  home. 

Sudbury, 

Israel  Haynes, 

Franklin  House. 

Tewksbury. 

Benj.  F.  Spaulding, 

At  home. 

Townsend, 

Henry  A.  Gerry, 

At  home. 

Waltham, 

Nath"l  P.  Banks,  Jr. 

Adams  House. 

Watertown, 

Seth  Bemis,  Jr., 

At  home. 

Wayland, 

John  B.  Wight, 

59  Chestnut  st. 

W.  Cambridge 

David  W.  Horton, 

At  home. 

West  ford, 

Nathan  S.  Hamblin. 

At  home. 

Weston, 

Isaac  Coburn, 

Quincy  House. 

Wilmington. 

Nathan  Townsend, 

10  Bromfield  House 

Winchester. 

Frederic  0.  Prince, 

At  home. 

54 


Residence  of  Members. 


COUNTY   OF   WORCESTER. 


Ashburnham, 

Athol, 

Auburn, 

Barre, 

Berlin, 

Blackstone, 

Boyhton, 

Brookfield, 

Charlton, 

Clinton, 

Dana, 

Douglas, 

Dudley, 

Fitchburg, 

Gardner, 

Grafton, 

Hardtvick, 

Harvard, 

Hoi  den, 

Hubbardston, 

Lancaster, 

Leicester, 

Leominster, 

Lunenburg, 

Mendon, 

Milford, 

Millbury, 
New  Braintrte, 
Northborough, 
Northbridge, 
IV.  Brookjitld. 


Ivers  Adams, 
Is'ehemiah  Ward, 
Almerin  L.  Ackley, 
Luke  Houghton. 
Amos  Sawyer, 
Caleb  Thayer, 
John  Andrews,  2d, 
Alfred  Rice, 
Luther  Litchfield, 
Horatio  N.  Bigelow, 
Leonard  Doane, 
Perley  Gould, 
Henry  H.  Stevens, 
Charles  Mason, 
Nathaniel  Wood, 
John  Edgell, 
Levi  Rawson, 
Alvah  Southworth, 
George  Gerry, 
George  W.  Bascom, 
William  Bennett,  Jr.. 
Anthony  Lane, 
Samuel  Watson, 
George  S.  Burrage, 
Willard  Porter, 
Francis  E.  Wheelock, 
Hiram  Hunt, 
Alfred  Bragg, 
Orville  E.  Thompson, 
Jonathan  G.  Frost, 
Samuel  Clark, 
Erastus  0.  Benson, 
Charles  Adams,  Jr., 


Patterson  House. 
Adams  House. 
American  House. 
Quincy  House. 
At  home. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
61  Federal  st. 
City  Hotel. 
31  Brattle  st. 
Adams  House. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
Wash.  Coffee  House. 
11  Elm  st. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Adams  House. 
Quincy  House. 
19  Sheafe  st. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
City  Hotel. 

4  Montgomery  pi. 
61  Federal  st. 

24  Oak  st. 

5  Bumstead  pi. 
Wa:>h.  Coffee  House. 
At  home. 

Adams  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Quincy  House. 
Wash.  Coffee  House 
Adams  House. 


Residence  of  Members. 


55 


Oakham, 

Oxford, 

Paxton, 

Pttersham, 

Phill  ipston, 

Prin  ct  tun, 

Royals/on. 

Rutland, 

Shrewsbury, 

Southborough, 

Spencer, 

Sterling, 

Sturbridge, 

Sutton, 

Ttmpleton, 

Uxbriclge, 

Wtbsttr, 

West  boron  gh, 

West  Doyhton, 

W.  Bnokfeld, 

Westminster, 

Winchtndun, 

Worcester, 


James  B.  "Ware, 
Albert  A.  Cook, 
Samuel  D.  Harrington 
George  White, 
Charles  C.  Bassetl, 
Ephraim  Beaman, 
Joseph  Raymond, 
George  A.  Gates, 
Lucius  S.  Allen. 
Lovett  Fay, 
William  Baldwin, 
Luther  W.  Rugg, 
Emerson  Johnson, 
Salem  Chamberlin, 
Dexter  Gilbert, 
Warren  Lackey, 
Nathan  Cody, 
Elmer  Brigham, 
E.  M.  Hosrner, 
William  Curtis, 
John  White, 
Alvah  Godding, 
John  Milton  Earle, 
Edward  Earle, 
Benjamin  Flagg, 
John  F.  Gleason, 
Charles  Washburn, 


City  Hotel. 
67  .Myrtle  St. 
,61  Federal  st. 
Brighton,  at  C. 
Adams  11.    [White's. 
Adams  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
Adams  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
61  Federal  st. 
71  Temple  si 
Quincy  House. 
Wash.  Coffee  House. 
Quincy  House. 
6  Cottage  pi. 
5  Bumstcad  pi. 
At  home. 
33  Leverelt  st. 
Adams  House. 
Dr.  G.  C.  Shattuck's. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
42  Albany  st. 
At  home. 
Adams  House. 


COUNTY   OF  HAMPSHIRE. 


Amherst, 
Dtlchertorvn, 

Chesttrfuld, 
Cummin  gton. 


William  C.  Fowler, 
Leonard  Barrett, 
Hudson  Bates, 
Charles  Shaw, 


Winthrop  House 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Buffalo  Hotel. 
Slade's  Hotel. 


56 


Residence  oj  Members. 


Easthampton, 
Enfield, 

Goshen, 
Granby, 
Greenwich, 

Hadley, 

Hatfield, 

Norwich, 

Pelham, 

Plainfield, 

Prescott, 

South  Hadley, 

Southampton, 

Ware, 

Westhampton, 

Williamsburg, 

Worthington, 


John  Wright,  2d. 
Henry  Fobes. 
William  Tilton, 
Lucius  Ferry, 
Luke  Earle, 
Dudley  Smith. 
Elijah  Bardwell,  Jr., 
William  Taylor, 
Nehemiah  W.  Aldrich, 
Freeman  Hamlin, 
Nelson  B.  Jones, 
Lorenzo  Gaylord, 
Chauncy  Clapp, 
Ira  P.  Gould, 
Daniel  W.  Clark, 
Hiram  [Jill, 
Ethan  Barnes, 


Pearl  Street  House 
Adams  House. 
St.  Charles  House 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Quincy  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Quincy  House. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
Marlboro' Hotel. 
Pearl  Street  House 
1 19  Hanover  st. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Adams  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Pearl  Street  House 
Marlboro'  Hotel 
Adams  House. 


COUNTY   OF   HAMPDEN. 


Blandford, 

Chester, 

Chicopee, 


Granville, 

Holyoke, 

Longmeadotv, 

Montgomery, 

Palmer, 

Russell, 

Southivick, 

Springfield, 


Justin  Wilson, 
Aurelius  C.  Root. 
Giles  S   Chapin, 
Alpheus  Nettle'.on. 
John  Wells, 
Vincent  Holcombe. 
Alexander  Day, 
Burgess  Salsbury. 
William  Squier, 
Joseph  Brown,  2d, 
Roland  Parks, 
John  Holcomb, 
Henry  Adams, 
John  Mills, 


Adams  House. 
Pearl  Street  House 
Pearl  Street  House 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
158  Tremont  st. 
Adams  House. 
Adams  House. 
Hanover  House. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
Winthrop  House. 
.Adams  House. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
United  States  Hotei 
Tremonl  House 


Residence  of  Members. 


57 


Springfield,         Edward  F.  Moseley, 
Thomas  W.  Wason, 
Tolla?id,  William  E.  Barnes, 

Wales,  Arbey  Squier, 

Westfield,  James  Noble, 

W.  Springfield,  Daniel  G.  While, 
Wilbraham,        Roderick  S.  Merrick, 


United  States  Hotel. 
United  States  Hotel. 
74  Temple  st. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Bromfield  House. 
74  Temple  st. 
United  States  Hotel. 


COUNTY   OF   FRANKLIN. 


Ash  field, 

Bernardston, 

Buckland, 

Charlemont, 

Coleraine, 

Conway, 

Deerfield, 

Erving, 

Gill, 

Greenfield, 

Hawley, 

Heath, 

Leverett, 

Leyden, 

Monroe, 

Montague, 

New  Salem, 

Orange, 

Rome, 

Shelburne, 

Shutesbury, 

Sunderland, 

Warwick, 

Wendell, 


Hosea  Blake, 
John  E.  Burke, 
Bartlett  Ballard, 
Hart  Leavitt, 
Horatio  Flagg, 
James  S.  Whitney, 
Cephas  Clapp, 
Fordyce  Alexander, 
Eliphalet  S.  Darling, 
Lucius  Nims, 
George  Lathrop, 
Joseph  White,  2d, 
Silas  Ball, 
E.  Wing  Packer, 
Asahel  Gore, 
Erastus  Andrews, 
Alpheus  Harding,  Jr., 
Rodney  Hunt, 
Noah  Wells, 
Ebenezer  G.  Lamson, 
Hardin  llemenway, 
Horace  Lyman, 
..Ansel  Davis, 
Samuel  Brewer, 

8s 


Slade's  Hotel. 
City  Hotel. 
City  Hotel. 
74  Temple  st. 
40  Cambridge  st. 
Adams  House. 
City  Hotel. 
30  Portland  st. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
City  Hotel. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
Buffalo  Hotel. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
City  Hotel. 
107  West  Cedar  st. 
2  Province  ct. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
City  Hotel. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
City  Hotel. 
City  Hotel. 


58 


Residence  of  Members. 


COUNTY   OF   BERKSHIRE. 


Adams, 

Stephen  L.  Arnold, 

Quincy  House. 

John  H.  Orr, 

Quincy  House. 

Alford, 

William  Milligan, 

Quincy  House. 

Beckett  _ 

Nathan  Barnes, 

St.  Charles  House. 

Cheshire, 

Silas  Cole, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

Dalton, 

Burr  Chamberlin, 

Adams  House. 

Egremonl, 

James  Baldwin, 

Quincy  House. 

Florida, 

Ephraim  Tower, 

74  Temple  st. 

Gt.  Barrington 

,  Noble  B.  Pickett, 

Quincy  House. 

Hancock, 

Gardner  Eldridge, 

St.  Charles  House. 

Hinsdale, 

Munroe  Emmons, 

Adams  House. 

Lanesborough, 

Asahel  Buck, 

Adams  House. 

Lee, 

Harrison  Garfield, 

Adams  House. 

Lenox, 

M.  S.  Wilson, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Monterey, 

John  Branning, 

United  States  Hotel. 

New  Ashford, 

Norman  G.  Baxter, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

N.  Marlborougi 

i,Benjamin  Smith, 

74  Temple  st. 

Otis, 

Henry  K.  Spellman, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Peru, 

Zenas  Watkins, 

Buffalo  Hotel. 

Pittsfield, 

Samuel  A.  Churchill, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

Ensign  H.  Kellogg, 

Tremont  House. 

Richmond, 

Samuel  Bartlett, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Sandisfield, 

Francis  Baxter, 

Quincy  House. 

Savoy, 

Robert  Sturtevant,  Jr. 

,  Quincy  House. 

Sheffield, 

Rodney  Sage, 

United  States  Hotel. 

Stockbridge, 

Epward  C.  Carter, 

United  States  Hotel. 

Tyringham, 

Ezra  Heath, 

Hanover  House. 

Washington, 

Samuel  Bell, 

St.  Charles  House. 

W.  Stockbridge,  Andrew  Fuarey, 

Quincy  House. 

Williatnstown, 

William  White, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

Windsor, 

Reuben  Pierce, 

Buffalo  House. 

Residence  of  Members. 


59 


COUNTY   OF   NORFOLK. 


Bellingham, 

Martin  Rockwood, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Braintree. 

Caleb  Stetson, 

At  home. 

Rrookline, 

William  Aspinwall. 

At  home. 

Canton, 

Charles  Endicott, 

At  home. 

Cohasset, 

Thomas  Stoddard, 

7  May  st. 

Dedliam, 

Ezra  Wilkinson, 

At  home. 

Dorchester, 

Edward  Sharp, 

At  home. 

Nathaniel  F.  Safford, 

At  home. 

Dover, 

Ralph  Sanger, 

Adams  House. 

Foxborough, 

Martin  Torrey, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Franklin, 

William  Metcalf, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

Mtdfield, 

Jonathan  P.  Bishop, 

9  Marion  st. 

Milton, 

Jason  Reed, 

At  home. 

Needham, 

Henry  Robinson, 

At  home. 

Quincy, 

Joseph  W.  Robertsonj 

At  home. 

George  Marsh, 

At  home. 

Randolph, 

Ezra  S.  Conant, 

Norfolk  House. 

Roxbury, 

Stephen  M.  Allen,  " 

At  home. 

Joseph  N.  Brewer, 

At  home. 

Theodore  Dunn, 

At  home. 

James  M.  Keith, 

At  home. 

John  L.  Ptummer, 

At  home. 

John  S.  Sleeper, 

At  home. 

Stoughton, 

Albert  Johnson, 

At  home. 

Walpole, 

Palmer  Morey, 

At  home. 

Weymouth, 

Elias  Hunt, 

At  home. 

Benjamin  F.  White, 

At  home. 

60 


Residence  of  Members. 


COUNTY   OF   BRISTOL. 


Attleborough, 

Berkley, 

Dartmouth, 

Dighton, 

Pairhaven, 

Pall  River, 


Freetown, 
Mansfield, 
New  Bedford, 


Norton, 

Raynham, 

Rehoboth, 

Seekonk, 

Somerset, 

Swanzey, 

Taunton, 


Westport, 


Lyman  W.  Daggett, 
Abiel  B.  Crane, 
Francis  D.  Bartlett, 
Jonathan  Jones, 
Isaac  Wood,  Jr., 
Nathaniel  B.  Borden, 
Richard  Borden, 
Richard  C.  French, 
James  B.  Luther, 
William  Hall, 
William  B.  Bates, 
Thomas  Kempton, 
Obed  Nye, 
Richard  A.  Palmer, 
Austin  Messinger, 
Cassander  Gilmore, 
Sylvester  Hunt, 
John  Gregory, 
Benjamin  Cartwright, 
William  T.  Chase, 
John  Andrews, 
Lewis  R.  Chesbrough. 
James  M.  Williams, 
Frederick  Brownell, 


8  Lagrange  pi. 
Pearl  Street  House 

Cr.  of  High  &  Grid- 
74  Temple  st.  [leysts. 
Adams  House. 
Adams  House. 
St.  Charles  House. 
Adams  House. 
At  home. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Adams  House. 
31  Pemberton  sq. 
Revere  House. 
Wash.  Coffee  House 
Wash.  Coffee  House. 
Adams  House. 
Adams  House. 
Wash.  Coffee  House 
Wash.  Coffee  House. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
16  Hayward  pi. 
Adams  House. 
Wash.  Coffee  House. 


Abington, 

Bndgewater, 
Carver, 


COUNTY   OF  PLYMOUTH. 


Isaac  Hersey, 
James  W.  Ward, 
Asahel  Hathaway, 
Matthias  Ellis, 


City  Hotel. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
At  home. 
Winthrop  House. 


Residence  of  Members. 


61 


Duxbury,  Joshua  W.  Hathaway, 

E.  Bridgetvater,  Levi  Churchill, 
Halifax,  Edwin  Inglee, 

Hanover,  John  S.  Barry, 

Hanson,  Elijah  Damon, 

Hingham,  Charles  W.  Cushing, 

Hull,  Martin  Knight, 

Kingston,  Nathaniel  Faunce, 

Marshfield,  Luther  Hatch, 

Middleborough,  Everett  Robinson, 

Joshua  Wood, 
N.  Bridgewater,  Jesse  Perkins, 


Pembroke, 

Plymouth, 

Ply  mp  ton, 

Rochester, 

Scituate, 

South  Scituate, 

Wareham, 


Joseph  Cobb, 
William  H.  Bradford, 
Joseph  B.  Nye, 
John  H.  Clark, 
Elijah  Jenkins,  Jr., 
James  Southworth, 
Lewis  Kinney, 


W.  Bridge7cnter,Joseph  Kingman, 


Franklin  House. 

At  home. 

Franklin  House. 

At  home 

Hope  House. 

At  home. 

6  Fleet  at. 

At  home. 

Franklin  House. 

At  home. 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

At  home. 

Hope  House. 

Franklin  House. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
Adams  House. 
55  High  st. 
Adams  House. 
At  home. 


COUNTY   OF  BARNSTABLE. 


Brewster. 

Chatham, 

Dennis, 

Eastham, 

Falmouth, 

Harwich, 

Orleans, 

Provincetown, 

Wellficet, 

Yarmouth, 


Josiah  Seabury, 
Josiah  Kendrick, 
Thomas  Hall, 
Scutter  Cobb, 
David  Lawrence, 
Nathaniel  Doane,  Jr., 
Leander  Crosby, 
Joseph  P.  Johnson, 
Ebebezer  Freeman, 
-Nathaniel  S.  Simpkin 


42  Cambridge  st. 
14  Lexington  st. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
392  Washington  st. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
s,46  Harrison  av. 


62 


Residence  of  Members. 


Chilmark, 
Ed  gar  town, 
Tisbury, 


DUKES   COUNTY. 


Herman  Vincent, 
Sirson  P.  Coffin, 
William  S.  Vincent, 


31  Brattle  st. 
Bromfield  House. 
8  Barton  st. 


COUNTY   OF   NANTUCKET. 


Nantucket, 


James  H.  Briggs, 
Reuben  Maeder, 
Obed  Swain, 


Marlboro'  Hotel. 
23  Bedford  st. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 


LEWIS   JOSSELYN,  Clerk,  Lynn. 

Rev.  GEORGE  M.  RANDALL,  Chaplain,  195  Harrison 
avenue. 

BENJAMIN  STEVENS,  Serge&nt-at-Akms  of  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  12  Hancock  street. 

ALEXIS   POOLE,  Doorkeeper,  7  Lucas  place. 

DAVID   MURPHY,  Messenger,  Hope  House. 

JOSEPH  P.  DEXTER,  Assistant  Messenger,  115  Pinck- 
ney  street. 

TIMOTHY   HAYES,  Postmaster,  74  Temple  street. 

S.  H.  BUCKINGHAM,  Page,  Cambridge. 

J.  N.  TOLMAN,  Jr.,  Assistant  Page,  2  Bay  street. 


POST    OFFICE BOSTON. 


MAIL  ARRANGEMENT. 

Soudiern  Mail  closes  at  (Sundays  excepted)         -     4  o'clock,  P.  M. 

Prepaid  letters  are  received  until  ...        -       4J,  P.  M. 

Letters  are  received  at  the  Providence  Railroad  Depot,  by 
the  Express  Mail  Messenger,  until    -         -         -         -         5,  P.  M. 

Eastern  (daily)  at       ....         5,  A.  M.,  and  1£,  P.  M 

Mewburyport,  Portsmouth,  and  Portland,  (Sundays  except- 
ed,) at 5,  A.  M.,  and  1£,  P.  M. 

Providence,  at 5,  A.  M.,  and  2J,  P.  M. 

Albany  and  all  west  of  Worcester,  at  -         -        -         5,  A.M. 

Worcester,  at      -         -         -        -  5,  A.  M.,  11,  A.  M.,  and  4,  P.  M. 

Springfield,  Hartford  and  Albany,  at  -         -    5,  A.  M.,  and  3  P.  M. 

Northern,  at 5,  A.  M. 

Lowell,  at 5,  A.  M.,  11,  A.  M.,  and  3£,  P.  M. 

Nashua,  Manchester  and  Concord,  N.  H.,  at 

5  and  11,  A.M.,  and  3£,  P.  M. 

Haverhill,  Exeter  and  Dover,  at  -         -5,  A.  M.,  and  ]£,  P.  M. 

Northampton,  at 3,  P.  M.,  and  5,  A.  M. 

New  Bedford  and  Taunton,  at  -         -         -  5,  A.  M.,  and  2£,  P.  M. 

Cape  Cod  and  Nantucket,  at      -         -        -         -         -         5,  A.  M. 

English,  by  steamships,  on  days  of  sailing,  at      -         -       10,  A.  M. 

Salem,  at 5  and  11,  A.  M...  and  1J,  P.  M. 

WHEN     DUE. 
Southern  Mail,  -------    average  8,  A.  M. 

Worcester,  Springfield  and  Hartford,  at      -     1,  P.  M.,  and  7,  P.  M. 

Eastern,  at 1£,  P  M.,  and  8£,  P.  M. 

Providence,  at 10£,  A.  M.,  and  G^,  P.  M. 

Albany,  at  6,  P.  M. 

Northern,  at 2,  P.  M  ,  and  7,  P.  M. 

Lowell,  at 9 J,  A.  M.,  2,  P.  M.,  and  7,  P.  M. 

Newburyport,  Portsmouth  and  Portland,  first  mail,  at  -        1£,  P.  M. 
Haverhill  and  Exeter,  at     -  1£,  P.  M.,  and  8£,  P.  M. 

Northampton,  and  all  towns  on  the  route  this  side,  at  -         6,  P.  M. 
New  Bedford  and  Taunton,  at    -         -       10£,  A.  M  ,  and  6«J,  P.  M. 

Cape  Cod,  at      - 6,  P.  M. 

Nantucket,  at 6,  P.M. 


RULES  AND  ORDERS 


TO    BE    OBSERVED    IN    THE 


HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES 


OF   THX 


©ommontoealtlj  of  J^assadjusettfl, 


FOR   THE  YEAR   1851. 


PUBLISHED  BY  ORDER  OF  THE  HOUSE. 


BOSTON: 

Dl/TTON-AND  WENTWORTH,  STATE  PRINTERS. 
1851. 


RULES  AND  ORDERS  OF  THE  HOUSE. 


CHAPTER  I. 

Of  the  Duties  and  Poioers  of  the  Speaker. 

I. 

The  Speaker  shall  take  the  Chair  every  day  at 
the  hour  to  which  the  House  shall  have  adjourned  ; 
shall  call  the  Members  to  order  ;  and,  on  the  ap- 
pearance of  a  quorum,  shall  proceed  to  business. 

II. 

He  shall  preserve  decorum  and  order ;  may  speak 
to  points  of  order  in  preference  to  other  Members  ; 
and  shall  decide  all  questions  of  order,  subject  to  an 
appeal  to  the  House  by  motion  regularly  seconded ; 
and  no  other  business  shall  be  in  order  till  the  ques- 
tion on  the  appeal  shall  have  been  decided. 

III. 
He  shall  declare  all  votes ;  but,  if  any  Member 
rises  to  doubt  a  vote,  the  Speaker  shall  order  a  re- 
turn of  the  number  voting  in  the  affirmative,  and  in 
the  negative,  without  any  further  debate  upon  the 
question. 

IV. 

He  shall  rise  to  put  a  question,  or  to  address  the 
House,  but  may  read  sitting. 

V. 
In  all  cases  the  Speaker  may  vote. 


4  Duties  of  the  Speaker.  Ch.  I. 

VI. 

When  the  House  shall  determine  to  go  into  a 
Committee  of  the  whole  House,  the  Speaker  shall 
appoint  the  Member  who  shall  take  the  Chair. 

VII. 

On  all  questions  and  motions  whatsoever,  the 
Speaker  shall  take  the  sense  of  the  House  by  yeas 
and  nays,  provided  one  fifth  of  the  Members  pres- 
ent shall  so  require.  When  the  yeas  and  nays  are 
taken,  no  Member  shall  be  allowed  to  vote,  who 
shall  have  entered  the  House  after  the  calling  of 
the  roll  is  finished. 

VIII. 

He  shall  propound  all  questions,  in  the  order  in 
which  they  are  moved,  unless  the  subsequent  motion 
be  previous  in  its  nature ;  except  that,  in  naming- 
sums  and  fixing  times,  the  largest  sum  and  longest 
time  shall  be  put  first. 

IX. 
After  a  motion  is  stated  or  read  by  the  Speaker, 
it  shall  be  deemed  to  be  in  possession  of  the  House, 
and  shall  be  disposed  of  by  vote  of  the  House ;  but 
the  mover  may  withdraw  it  at  any  time  before  a  de- 
cision or  amendment. 


When  a  question  is  under  debate,  the  Speaker 
shall  receive  no  motion,  but  to  adjourn,  to  lay  on  the 
table,  for  the  previous  question,  to  postpone  to  a  day 
certain,  to  commit,  to  amend,  or  to  postpone  indefi- 
nitely ;  which  several  motions  shall  have  precedence 
in  the  order  in  which  they  stand  arranged :  and  a 
motion  to  strike  out  the  enacting  clause  of  a  Bill  shall 
be  equivalent  to  a  motion  to  postpone  indefinitely. 


Ch.  I.  Duties  of  the  Speaker.  5 

XL 

He  shall  consider  a  motion  to  adjourn  as  always 
first  in  order  ;  and  that  motion,  and  the  motions  to 
lay  on  the  table,  to  take  up  from  the  table,  and  for 
the  yeas  and  nays,  shall  be  decided  without  debate. 

XII. 
He  shall  put  the  previous  question  in  the  follow- 
ing form  :  "  Shall  the  main  question  be  now  put  ?" — 
and  all  debate  upon  the  main  question  shall  be  sus- 
pended, until  the  previous  question  shall  be  decided. 
After  the  adoption  of  the  previous  question,  the  sense 
of  the  House  shall  forthwith  be  taken  upon  amend- 
ments reported  by  a  committee,  upon  pending 
amendments,  and  then  upon  the  main  question. 

XIII. 

On  the  previous  question  no  Member  shall  speak 
more  than  once  without  leave;  and  all  incidental 
questions  of  order,  arising  after  a  motion  is  made 
for  the  previous  question,  shall  be  decided  without 
debate,  excepting  on  appeal,  and,  on  such  appeal, 
no  Member  shall  be  allowed  to  speak  more  than 
once  without  leave  of  the  House. 

XIV. 

When  two  or  more  Members  happen  to  rise  at 
once,  the  Speaker  shall  name  the  Member  who  is 
first  to  speak. 

XV. 

All  Committees  shall  be  appointed  and  announced 
by  the  Speaker,  unless  otherwise  specially  directed 
by  the  House. 

XVI. 

The  Speaker  shall  have  the  right  to  name  any 
Member  to  perform  the  duties  of  the  Chair,  but  such 
substitution  shall  not  extend  beyond  an  adjournment. 


6  Duties  of  Members.  Ch.  II. 

CHAPTER  II. 

Of  the  Duties,  Rights,  and  Decorum  of  Members. 

I. 

Every  seat,  which  shall  be  drawn  by  any  Member, 
ini  person,  at  the  beginning  of  the  session,  shall  be 
his  seat  during  the  year,  unless  he  shall  have  leave 
of  the  Speaker  to  change  it. 

II. 

The  desks  on  the  right  and  left  of  the  Speaker 
shall  be  appropriated  to  the  use  of  the  Clerk  and 
the  Committees  on  Bills. 

III. 
Every  Member,  when  about  to  speak,  shall  rise 
and  respectfully  address  the  Speaker,  shall  confine 
himself  to  the  question  under  debate,  and  avoid  per- 
sonality, and  shall  sit  down  when  he  has  finished. 
No  Member  shall  speak  out  of  his  place  without 
leave  of  the  Speaker. 

IV. 

No  Member  speaking  shall  be  interrupted  by 
another,  but  by  rising  up  to  call  to  order. 

V. 

No  Member  shall  speak  more  than  twice  on  one 
question,  without  first  obtaining  leave  of  the  House  ; 
nor  more  than  once,  until  the  other  Members,  who 
have  not  spoken,  shall  speak,  if  they  desire  it. 

VI 

When  a  vote  has  passed,  it  shall  be  in  order  for 
any  Member  of  the  majority  to  move  for  a  re-con- 
sideration thereof,  on  the  same  or  the  succeeding 
day  i  and  such  motion  (except  in   the  last  week  of 


Ch.  II.  Duties  of  Members.  7 

the  session,)  shall  be  placed  first  in  the  orders  of  the 
day  for  the  day  succeeding  that  on  which  the  motion 
is  made :  and  when  a  motion  for  re-consideration  is 
decided,  that  vote  shall  not  be  re-considered. 

VII. 

Bills,  resolves,  and  other  papers,  in  reference  to 
which,  any  member,  having  a  right  to  move  a  re- 
consideration, shall  give  notice  of  a  motion  to  that 
effect,  to  be  made  on  the  next  day  after  the  vote 
proposed  to  be  re-considered,  shall  remain  in  the 
possession  of  the  Clerk  until  such  succeeding  day  : 
provided,  that  the  operation  of  this  rule  shall  be 
suspended  during  the  last  week  of  the  session. 

VIII. 

No  Member  shall  be  obliged  to  be  on  more  than 
two  Committees  at  the  same  time,  nor  Chairman  of 
more  than  one. 

IX. 

No  Member  shall  be  permitted  to  stand  up,  to  the 
interruption  of  another,  while  any  Member  is  speak- 
ing, or  to  pass  unnecessarily  between  the  Speaker  of 
the  House  and  the  person  speaking ;  nor  shall  any 
Member  be  permitted  to  stand  in  the  alleys  during 
the  session  of  the  House. 

X. 

Every  Member  shall  keep  an  account  of  his  own 
attendance  and  travel,  and  deliver  the  same  to  the 
Committee  appointed  to  make  up  the  pay-roll,  and, 
on  his  failure  so  to  do,  he  shall  be  omitted  from  the 
roll ;  and  no  Member  shall  receive  pay  for  any  week- 
day on  which  he  has  not  actually  attended,  except 
in  case  of  sickness. 

XI. 

All  proceedings  of  the  House  with  closed  doors, 
and  every  matter  relating  to  the  same,  shall  be  kept 


8  Duties  of  Members.  Ch.  II. 

secret,  until  the  House  shall  remove  the  injunction 
of  secrecy. 

XII. 
Every  Member,  who  shall  neglect  to  give  his  at- 
tendance in  the  House  for  more  than  six  days  after 
the  session  commences,  shall,  on  making  his  ap- 
pearance therein,  be  held  to  render  the  reason  of 
such  neglect ;  and  in  case  the  reason  assigned  shall 
be  deemed  by  the  House  sufficient,  such  Member 
shall  be  entitled  to  receive  pay  for  his  travel,  and 
not  otherwise ;  and  no  Member  shall  be  absent  more 
than  two  days,  without  leave  of  the  House ;  and  a 
vote  of  leave  of  absence  shall  be  inoperative,  un- 
less the  Member  obtaining  it  shall  avail  himself  of 
it  within  five  days. 

XIII. 

When  any  Member  shall  be  guilty  of  a  breach 
of  either  of  the  Rules  and  Orders  of  the  House,  he 
may  be  required  by  the  House,  on  motion,  to  make 
satisfaction  therefor,  and  shall  not  be  allowed  to  vote, 
or  speak,  except  by  way  of  excuse,  till  he  has  done  so. 

XIV. 
No  Member  shall  be  permitted  to  vote,  or  serve 
on  any  Committee,  in  any  question  where  his  private 
right  is  immediately  concerned,  distinct  from  the 
public  interest. 

XV. 

Every  Member,  who  shall  be  in  the  House  when  a 
question  is  put,  where  he  is  not  excluded  by  inter- 
est, shall  give  his  vote,  unless  the  House,  for  special 
reasons,  shall  excuse  him.  Any  Member  desiring 
to  be  so  excused  on  any  question,  shall  make  appli- 
cation to  that  effect  before  the  House  is  divided,  or 
before  the  calling  of  the  yeas  and  nays ;  and  such 
application  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  brief  state- 
ment of  reasons,  and  shall  be  decided  without  de- 
bate. 


Ch.  II.  Duties  of  Members.  9 

XVI. 

Every  motion  shall  be  reduced  to  writing,  if  the 
Speaker  shall  so  direct. 

XVII. 

Any  Member  may  call  for  the  division  of  a  ques- 
tion when  the  sense  will  admit  of  it.  A  motion  to 
strikeout  and  insert  shall  be  deemed  indivisible: 
but  a  motion  to  strike  out  being  lost,  shall  neither 
preclude  amendment,  nor  a  motion  to  strike  out  and 
insert. 

XVIII. 

Motions  and  Reports  may  be  committed,  or  re- 
committed, at  the  pleasure  of  the  House. 

XIX. 

No  motion  or  proposition,  of  a  subject  different 
from  that  under  consideration,  shall  be  admitted  un- 
der color  of  amendment. 

XX. 

The  unfinished  business,  in  which  the  House  was 
engaged  at  the  time  of  the  last  adjournment,  shall 
have  the  preference  in  the  orders  of  the  day. 

XXI. 

No  rule  or  order  of  the  House  shall  be  dispensed 
with,  altered,  or  repealed,  unless  two  thirds  of  the 
Members  present  shall  consent  thereto. 

XXII. 
When  a  vote  is  doubted,  the  Members  for   or 
against  the  question,  when  called  on  by  the  Speaker, 
shall  rise  and  stand  uncovered  till  they  are  counted. 

XXIII. 

All  questions,  relating  to  the  priority  of  business  to 
be  acted  upon,  shall  be  decided  without  debate. 
*2h 


10  Of  the  Duties  of  Monitors.         Ch.  III- 

XXIV. 

Every  question  of  order  shall  be  noted  by  the 
Clerk,  with  the  decision  thereon,  and  inscribed  at 
large  on  the  Journal. 

XXV. 

When  a  motion  is  made  to  refer  any  subject,  and 
different  Committees  shall  be  proposed,  the  question 
shall  be  taken  in  the  following  order  : — a  Standing 
Committee  of  the  House — a  Select  Committee  of 
the  House — a  Joint  Standing  Committee — a  Joint 
Select  Committee. 

XXVI. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  Member  of  the  House, 
who  moves  that  any  Standing  Committee  be  instruct- 
ed to  inquire  into  the  expediency  of  amending  an 
existing  law  or  laws,  to  point  out  the  amendment, 
which  he  deems  expedient,  in  writing,  to  accompany 
his  motion,  or  to  furnish  a  written  statement  thereof 
to  such  Committee,  if  by  them  required. 

XXVII. 

No  stranger  shall  be  admitted  to  the  seats  of 
Members,  or  upon  the  floor  of  the  House,  without 
leave  of  the  Speaker. 


CHAPTER  III. 

Of  the  Duties  of  Monitors. 

I. 
Two  Monitors  shall  be  appointed  for  each  division 
of  the  House,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  see  the  due 
observance  of  the  orders  of  the  House,  and,  on  de- 
mand of  the  Speaker,  to  return  the  number  of  votes 
and  Members  in  their  respective  divisions. 


Ch.  IV.       Of  Petitions,  Memorials,  Sfc.  li 

II. 

If  any  Member  shall  transgress  any  of  the  rules  or 

orders  of  the  House,  and  persist  therein  after  being 

notified  thereof  by  any  Monitor,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of 

such  Monitor  to  give  information  thereof  to  the  House. 

III. 

In  case  the  Speaker  shall  be  absent  at  the  hour 
to  which  the  House  was  adjourned,  one  of  the  Mon- 
itors shall  call  the  House  to  order,  and  the  Clerk 
shall  preside. 


CHAPTER  IV. 

Of  Petitions,  Memorials,  fyc. 

I. 
All  papers  addressed  to  the  House,  except  peti- 
tions, memorials  and  remonstrances,  shall  be  pre- 
sented by  the  Speaker,  or  by  a  Member  in  his  place, 
and  shall  be  read  by  the  Speaker,  Clerk,  or  such 
other  person  as  the  Speaker  may  request,  and  shall 
be  taken  up  in  the  order  in  which  they  were  present- 
ed, unless  where  the  House  shall  otherwise  direct. 

II. 
Every  Member,  presenting  to  the  House  a  petition, 
memorial,  or  remonstrance,  shall  endorse  his  name 
thereon,  with  a  brief  statement  of  the  nature  and 
object  of  the  instrument,  and  the  leading  of  the  same 
from  the  Chair  shall  in  all  instances  be  dispensed 
with,  unless  specially  ordered  by  the  House. 

III. 
All  reports,  petitions,  memorials,  remonstrances, 
and  papers  of  a  like  nature,  shall  be  presented  dur- 
ing the  first  hour  of  each  session  of  the  House,  and 
at   no  other  time,  except  by  special   leave  of  the 


12  Of  Bills,  Resolves,  and  Grants.        Ch.  V. 

House  :  and  the  Speaker  shall  call  on  the  several 
Divisions,  in  regular  succession,  for  such  papers. 

IV. 

If  any  Member  of  the  House  shall  so  request, 
any  order,  which  shall  be  proposed  for  adoption, 
shall  be  passed  over  for  that  day  without  question  ; 
and  the  same  shall  be  considered  and  disposed  of, 
on  the  succeeding  day,  in  the  same  manner  as  it 
would  have  been,  on  the  day  on  which  it  was  of- 
fered, if  no  objection  had  been  made. 

V. 

All  applications  for  the  use  of  the  Representa- 
tives' Chamber  shall  be  made  to,  and  decided  upon 
by,  the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings  ;  subject, 
however,  to  the  control  and  order  of  the  House. 


CHAPTER  V. 

Of  Bills,  Resolves,  and  Grants. 

I. 
The  first  reading  of  a  bill  shall  be  for  informa- 
tion,  and  if  opposition  be  made  to  it,  the  question 
shall  be,  "Shall  this  bill  be  rejected?"  If  no  op- 
position be  made,  or  if  the  question  to  reject  be 
negatived,  the  bill  shall  £0  to  its  second  reading 
without  a  question. 

II. 

N o  bill  or  resolve  shall  pass  to  be  engrossed  with- 
out being  read  on  three  several  days. 

III. 

All  bills  and  resolves  shall  be  written  in  a  fair 
round  hand,  without  interlineations,  on  not  less 
than  one  sheet  of  paper,  with  suitable  margins,  and 
spaces  between  the  several  sections  or  resolves. 


Ch.  V.       Of  Bills,  Resolves,  and  Grants.  13 

IV. 

No  bill  or  resolve  shall  be  introduced  to  the 
House  without  special  leave,  unless  reported  by  a 
Committee  ;  and,  when  thus  introduced,  such  bill  or 
resolve  shall  be  committed,  before  it  is  ordered  to  a 
second  reading.  When  any  bill,  resolve,  petition, 
memorial  or  remonstrance,  shall  have  been  finally 
rejected,  no  other,  substantially  the  same,  shall  be 
introduced  by  any  Committee  or  Member  during 
the  same  session. 

V. 

No  engrossed  bill  or  resolve  shall  be  sent  to  the 
Senate,  without  notice  thereof  being  given  by  the 
Speaker. 

VI. 
No  private  act  or  resolve,  affecting  the  character 
or  property  of  any  individual,  shall  pass  the  House, 
unless  such  individual  be  first  notified  thereof. 

VII. 

All  bills  and  resolves  in  their  third  reading,  shall 
be  committed  to  the  Standing  Committee  on  bills 
in  the  third  reading,  to  be  by  them  examined,  cor- 
rected, and  so  reported  to  the  House. 

VIII. 

All  engrossed  bills  and  resolves  shall  be  commit- 
ted  to  the  Standing  Committee  on  engrossed  bills, 
to  be  strictly  examined  ;  and  if  found  by  them  to  be 
truly  and  rightly  engrossed,  they  shall  so  report  to 
the  House,  and  the  same  shall  be  passed  to  be  enact- 
ed, without  any  further  reading,  unless,  on  motion 
of  any  Member,  a  majority  of  the  House  shall  be 
in  favor  of  readino-  the  same  as  engrossed. 

IX. 

No  engrossed  bill  or  resolve  shall  be  amended. 


14  Of  Committees.  Ch.  VI. 

X. 

Bills  and  resolves  in  their  third  reading  shall 
be  made  the  order  of  the  day,  for  the  day  next 
succeeding  that  on  which  leave  shall  have  been 
given  to  read  them  a  third  time ;  and  all  reports 
of  Committees,  not  by  bill  or  resolve,  whether  joint 
or  of  this  House,  shall  be  made  the  order  of  the 
day  for  the  day  next  succeeding  that  on  which  they 
shall  have  been  read  in  this  House,  unless  the  House 
shall  otherwise  direct  by  vote;  and  the  Speaker 
shall  order  them  accordingly;  and,  after  entering 
on  the  orders  of  the  day,  they  shall  be  disposed  of 
in  course. 

XL 

All  amendments,  proposed  by  the  Senate  and  sent 
back  to  the  House  for  their  concurrence,  shall  be 
committed  to  the  Committee  who  reported  the  meas- 
ure proposed  to  be  amended,  unless  such  Committee 
shall  be  composed  of  members  of  both  branches. 


CHAPTER  VI. 

Of  Committees,  their  Powers  and  Duties. 

I. 

The  following  Standing  Committees  shall  be  ap- 
pointed at  the  commencement  of  the  political  year, 
viz  : — 

A  Committee  on  the  Judiciary  ; 
A  Committee  on  Matters  of  Probate  and  Chan- 
cery ; 
A  Committee  on  Finance  ; 
A  Committee  on  Elections  ; 
A  Committee  on  Bills  in  the  Third  Reading; 
A  Committee  on  Engrossed  Bills  ; 

And  each  of  these  Committees  shall  consist  of 
Seven  Members. 


Ch.  VI.  Of  Committees.  15 

A  Committee  on  County  Estimates  ; 
A  Committee  on  the  Pay  Roll ; 
A  Committee  on  the  Change  of  Names ; 
A  Committee  on  Leave  of  Absence  ; 
A  Committee  on  Public  Buildings; 
A  Committee  on  Printing  ; 

And  each  of  these  Committees  shall  consist  of 
Five  Members. 

II. 
In  all  elections  by  ballot  of  the  House,  a  time 
shall  be  assigned  for  such  election,  at  least  one  day 
previous  thereto. 

III. 

In  all  elections  of  Committees  of  the  House,  by 
ballot,  the  person  having  the  highest  number  of 
votes  shall  act  as  Chairman. 

IV. 

All  papers,  relative  to  any  business  before  the 
House,  shall  be  left  with  the  Clerk,  by  any  Member, 
who  may  obtain  leave  of  absence,  and  may  have 
any  such  papers  in  his  possession. 

V. 

The  Chairman  of  every  Committee,  except  the 
Standing  Committees,  who  shall  have  business  re- 
ferred to  them,  shall  make  report  of  their  doings 
therein,  within  four  days  after  such  reference. 

VI. 

All  Committees  may  report  by  bill,  resolve,  or 
otherwise. 

VII. 
The  rules  of  proceeding  in  the  House  shall  be 
observed  in  a  Committee  of  the  whole  House,  so  far 
as  they  may  be  applicable,  except  the  rule  limiting 


16  Of  Committees.  Ch 

the  times  of  speaking  :  but  no  Member  shall  speak 
twice  upon  any  question,  until  every  Member, 
choosing  to  speak,  shall  have  spoken.  A  motion  to 
rise,  report  progress,  and  ask  leave  to  sit  again, 
shall  be  always  first  in  order,  and  shall  be  decided 
without  debate. 


Form  of  Endorsing  Petitions. 
The  Petition  of 

for 

Presented  by  Mr.  of 

Ho.  of  Reps.  1851. 

Referred  to  the  Committee 

on 


JOINT   RULES   AND   ORDERS 

OF  THE  TWO  HOUSES. 

I. 

The  following  Joint  Standing  Committees  shall 
be  appointed  at  the  commencement  of  the  January 
session,  viz  : — 

A  Committee  on  Accounts  ; 

A  Committee  on  Agriculture ; 

A  Committee  on  Banks  and  Banking ; 

A  Committee  on  Claims  ; 

A  Committee  on  Education  ; 

A  Committee  on  the  Fisheries  : 

A  Committee  on  the  Library  ; 

A  Committee  on  Manufactures ; 

A  Committee  on  Mercantile  Affairs  &  Insurance: 

A  Committee  on  the  Militia  ; 

A  Committee  on  Parishes  and  other  Religious  So- 
cieties ; 

A  Committee  on  Prisons; 

A  Committee  on  Public  Charitable  Institutions  ; 

A  Committee  on  Public  Lands; 

A  Committee  on  Railways  and  Canals  ; 

A  Committee  on  Roads  and  Bridges  ; 

A  Committee  on  Towns  ;   and 

A  Committee  on  Public  Expenditures  ; 
And  each  of  said  Committees  shall  consist  of  two 
on  the  part  of  the  Senate,  and  five  on  the  part  of 
the  House,  except  the  Committee  on  the  Library, 
which,  by  law,  is  to  consist  of  three  on  the  part  of 
each  House ;  and  no  Member  of  any  Committee 
shall  receive  compensation  for  personal  services  on 
such  Committee,  during  the  Session  of  the  Legis- 
lature. No  member  of  either  House  shall  act  as 
counsel  for  any  party  before  any  Committee  of  the 
Legislature. 

3h 


18       Joint  Rules  and  Orders  of  Both  Houses. 

II. 

The  Joint  Committees  of  the  two  Houses  may 
report  by  bill,  resolve,  or  otherwise,  to  either  House, 
at  their  discretion ;  and  all  bills  and  resolves  report- 
ed by  them,  shall  be  written  in  a  fair  round  hand, 
without  interlineation,  on  not  less  than  a  sheet  of 
paper,  with  suitable  margins,  and  spaces  between 
the  several  sections  or  resolves. 

III. 
Reports  of  Joint  Committees  may  be  recommit- 
ted to  the  same  committees  at  the  pleasure  of  the 
House  acting  thereon,  without  asking  the  concur- 
rence of  the  other  Branch  ;  and  bills  or  resolves 
which  have  been  previously  acted  on  in  one  Branch 
may  be  recommitted  in  the  other  without  a  con- 
current vote,  except  when  recommitted  with  in- 
structions; provided,  that,  after  such  recommitment, 
reports  shall,  in  all  cases,  be  made  to  the  Branch 
which  shall  have  ordered  such  recommitment. 

IV. 

All  papers,  while  on  their  passage  between  the 
two  Houses,  may  be  under  the  signature  of  the  re- 
spective Clerks,  except  Bills  and  Resolves,  in  their 
last  stage.  Messages  may  be  sent  by  such  persons 
as  each  House  may  direct. 

V. 

After  Bills  shall  have  passed  both  Houses  to  be 
engrossed,  they  shall  be  in  the  charge  of  the  Clerks 
of  the  two  Houses,  who  shall  deliver  the  same  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth,  to  be  engrossed  in 
the  manner  prescribed  by  law;  and,  when  engrossed, 
the  said  Clerks  shall  forthwith  deliver  the  same  to 
the  Committee  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
on  Engrossed  Bills  ;    and  when  the  same  shall  have 


Joint  Rules  and  Orders  of  Both  Houses.      19 

passed  to  be  enacted  in  that  House,  they  shall,  in 
like  manner,  be  delivered  to  the  Committee  of  the 
Senate  on  Engrossed  Bills. 

VI. 

After  Bills  shall  have  passed  both  Houses  to  be 
enacted,  the  Clerk  of  the  Senate  shall  cause  them 
to  be  laid  before  the  Governor  for  his  approbation, 
an  indorsement  being  first  made  thereon,  by  the 
clerk  of  the  House  in  which  the  same  originated, 
certifying  in  which  House  the  same  originated, 
which  indorsement  shall  be  entered  on  the  Jour- 
nals by  the  Clerks  respectively;  and  the  Clerk  of 
the  Senate  shall  enter  on  the  Journal  of  the  Senate 
the  day  on  which  the  same  were  laid  before  the 
Governor. 

VII. 

All  resolves  and  other  papers,  which  are  to  be 
presented  to  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth, 
shall  be  presented  for  his  approbation,  in  the  same 
manner  as  is  prescribed  in  the  case  of  Bills. 

VIII. 
All  resolves  proposing  amendments  of  the  Con- 
stitution, shall  have  three  several  readings  in  each 
House,  and  the  final  question  upon  adopting  the 
same  shall  be  taken  by  yeas  and  nays,  as  provided 
by  the  Constitution. 

IX. 

The  President  of  the  Senate  shall  preside  in  con- 
ventions of  the  two  branches;  and  such  conventions 
shall  be  holden  in  the  Representatives'  chamber. 

X. 

When  an  agreement  has  been  made  by  the  two 
branches  to  go  into  convention,  such  agreement 
shall  not  be  altered  or  annulled,  except  by  concur- 
rent vote. 


20      Joint  Rules  and  Orders  of  Both  Houses. 

XI. 

No  business  shall  be  entered  on,  in  convention, 
except  by  unanimous  consent,  other  than  that  which 
may  be  agreed  on  before  the  convention  is  formed. 

XII. 

In  all  elections  by  joint  ballot,  a  time  shall  be 
assigned  therefor  at  least  one  day  previous  to  such 
election. 


CIVIL  GOVERNMENT 

OF    THE 

(ZEommontJoeaitl)   of  iflaesarljtiseUs. 

FOR    THE 

POLITICAL    YEAR    1851. 


HIS    EXCELLENCY 

GEOKGE    S.    BOUTWELL, 

OF    GROTON, 

GOVERNOR. 

HIS  HONOR 

HENRY  W.  CUSHMAN, 

OF    BERNARDSTON, 

LIEUTENANT    GOVERNOR. 

COUNCIL. 

ISAAC  EMERY,  of  Boston. 

JOHN  B.  ALLEY,  of  Lynn. 

GEORGE  W.  DIKE,  ofStoneham. 

ISAAC  DAVIS,  of  Worcester. 
RODOLPHUS  B.  HUBBARD,      of  Sunderland. 

NOAH  GIBSON,  of  New  Marlborough. 

EDGAR  K.  WHITAKER,  of  Medham. 

PHLLO  LEACH,  of  Bridgewater. 

JOHNSON  GARDNER,  ofSeekonk. 

AMASA    WALKER, 

OF    NORTH    BROOKFIELD, 
SECRETARY     OF     THE     COMMONWEALTH. 

CHARLES    B.  HALL, 

OF    HAVERHILL, 
TREASURER  &  RECEIVER  GENERAL  OF  THE  COMMONWEALTH. 

.DAVID  WILDER,  Jr., 

OF  BROOKLINE. 
AUDITOR  OF  ACCOUNTS. 


HENRY  WILSON, 

PRESIDENT. 


SUFFOLK  DISTRICT. 

David  Sears, 

Benjamin  Seaver, 

John  H.  Wilkins,  I  of  Boston. 

George  H.  Kuhn, 

Charles  Theodore  Russell, 

Charles  Hubbard,  '  of  Chelsea. 


ESSEX  DISTRICT. 

Moses  Newell,  of  West  Newbury. 

Frederick  Robinson,  of  Marblehead. 

Daniel  Saunders,  Jr.,  of  Lawrence. 

Robert  S.  Daniels,  of  Danvers. 

Edmund  Kimball,  of  Bradford. 


MIDDLESEX  DISTRICT. 

Joseph  T.  Buckingham,  of  Cambridge. 

John  W.  Graves,  of  Lowell. 

J  ohn  Boynton,  of  Groton. 

Luke  Wellington,  ofAshby. 

James  M.  Usher,  ofMedford. 

Henry  Wilson,  ofNatick. 


Senate.  23 

WORCESTER  DISTRICT. 

Alexander  De  Witt,  of  Worcester. 

Edward  B.  Bigelow,  of  Grafton. 

Francis  Howe,  of  Brookfield. 

Giles  H.  Whitney,  of  Templeton. 

Moses  Wood,  of  Fitchburg. 

HAMPSHIRE  DISTRICT. 

William  A.  Hawley,  of  Northampton. 

William  Hyde, .  of  Ware. 

FRANKLIN  DISTRICT. 

Whiting  Griswold,  of  Greenfield. 

HAMPDEN  DISTRICT. 

Erasmus  D.  Beach,  of  Springfield. 

David  Mosely,  of  Westfield. 

BERKSHIRE  DISTRICT. 

Richard  P.  Brown,  ofEgremont. 

Asa  G.  Welch,  of  Lee. 

NORFOLK  DISTRICT. 

Samuel  Warner,  Jr.,  of  Wrentham. 

Edward  L.  Keyes,  of  Dedham. 

Alvah  Morrison,  of  Braintree. 

PLYMOUTH  DISTRICT. 

William  H.  Wood,  of  Middleborough. 

Edward  Cazneau,  of  Bingham. 


24  Senate. 


BRISTOL  DISTRICT. 

John  Earle,  of  Swanzey. 

Lyman  W.  Dean,  of  Attleborough. 

George  Austin,  of  Swanzey. 


BARNSTABLE  DISTRICT. 

Stephen  Hilliard,  of  Provincetoum. 

Zenas  D.  Bassett,  of  Barnstable. 


NANTUCKET  AND  DUKES  CO.  DISTRICT. 

William  Barney,  of  Nantucket. 


CHAUNCEY  L.  KNAPP,  Clerk. 
JOSEPH  H.  BUCKINGHAM,  Assistant  Clerk. 
Rev.  A.  L.  STONE,  Chaplain. 
BENJAMIN  STEVENS,  Sergeant  at  Arms. 
WILLIAM  M.  WISE,  Doorkeeper. 
JAMES  N.  TOLMAN,  Assistant  Doorkeeper. 
TILSON  FULLER,  Page. 


&>ousr  oC  MtpvtMtit%Ut)t8. 


Hon.  NATHANIEL  P.  BANKS,  Jr., 

SPEAKER. 

COUNTY   OF   SUFFOLK. 

Boston, 


Sidney  Bartlett, 

169 

John  Bigelow, 

170 

Charles  Boardman, 

115 

Billings  Briggs, 

230 

Edward  Brooks, 

71 

Isaac  Cary, 

165 

Otis  Clapp, 

77 

Calvin  W.  Clark, 

134 

Robert  L.  Colby, 

57 

Samuel  F.  Coolidge, 

21 

Benjamin  R.  Curtis, 

136 

Tisdale  Drake, 

141 

William  Eaton, 

252 

Thomas  Edwards, 

257 

Henry  H.  Fuller, 

112 

Henry  J.  Gardner, 

337 

Junius  Hall, 

340 

Samuel  Hooper, 

153 

Benjamin  James, 

330 

4h 


26 


House  of  Representatives, 


Boston, 


Chelsea, 
North  Chelsea, 


Eliphalet  Jones,  72 

Isaac  Jones,  387 

Samuel  Kettell,  275 

Moses  Kimball,  69 

Ezra  Lincoln,  47 

Robert  Marsh,  154 

Abel  B.  Munroe,  80 

James  Munroe,  296 

Charles  C.  Nutter,  87 

John  Odin,  Jr.,  369 

Julius  A.  Palmer,  81 

John  F.  Payson,  55 

Silas  F.  Plimpton,  203 

Benjamin  Pond,  333 

William  Pope,  221 

John  P.  Putnam,  127 

William  Schouler,  103 

Nathaniel  Seaver,  177 

Thomas  J.  Shelton,  64 

Jacob  Sleeper,  36 

John  Spence,  Jr.,  000 

Elijah  Stearns,  341 

George  Whittemore,  13 
Joseph  M.  Wightman,  207 

Clement  Willis,  27 

Azel  Ames,  268 

Edward  Bassett,  241 

Edward  Floyd,  182 


House  of  Representatives. 


■11 


COUNTY   OF   ESSEX. 


Amesbury, 
Andover, 

Beverly, 

B oxford, 

Bradford, 

Danvers, 


Essex, 

Georgetown, 

Gloucester, 

Groveland, 

Hamilton, 

Haverhill, 

Ipswich, 
Lawrence, 


Lynn, 


Lynnfeld, 

Manchester, 

Marblehead, 


Samuel  H.  Batchelder,  250 

Nathaniel  Peabody,  53 

William  Walcott,  90 

Otis  Mudge,  66 

Henry  A.  Hardy,  200 

Oilman  P.  Allen,  219 

Henry  H.  Baker,  9 

Jeremiah  R.  Cook,  401 

William  H.  Haskell,  360 

Moses  Foster,  Jr.,  294 


Nath'l  R.  Farley,  Jr.,  96 

James  K.  Barker,  149 

Morris  Knowles,  363 

George  D.  Lund,  225 

Israel  Buffum,  308 

Joseph  Haines,  29 

John  Q,.  Hammond,  312 

Isaiah  Hacker,  348 

William  Skinner,  Jr.,  117 

John  Girdler,  2d,  113 


Methuen, 


28 


House  of  Representatives. 


Middleton, 

Newbury, 

Caleb  Cushing, 

54 

Newburyport, 

Jeremiah  Colman, 

298 

Edward  Toppan,  Jr., 

270 

Isaac  Stevens, 

49 

Rockport, 

Addison  Gott, 

204 

Rowley, 

Thomas  E.  Payson, 

91 

Salem, 

William  Kimball, 

26 

William  F.  Nichols, 

86 

Joseph  B.  F.  Osgood, 

43 

Charles  M.  Richardson,246 

Augustus  Story, 

28 

Michael  Shepard, 

376 

Salisbury, 

John  Q,.  Evans, 

272 

Saugus, 

Charles  Sweetser, 

372 

Topsfeld, 

Nehemiah  Balch, 

357 

Wenham, 

John  Porter, 

62 

West  Newbury, 

Benjamin  Edwards, 

320 

COUNTY 

OF   MIDDLESEX. 

Acton, 

James  T.  Woodbury, 

63 

Ashby, 

Howard  Gates, 

377 

Ashland, 

James  Jackson, 

307 

Bedford, 

Francis  Coggswell, 

181 

Billerica, 

Boxborough, 

John  Fletcher, 

386 

Brighton, 

David  Collins, 

267 

Burlington, 

William  Winn,  Jr., 

239 

Cambridge, 

Stephen  T.  Farwell, 

48 

Justin  Jones, 

3 

House  of  Representatives. 


29 


Cambridge, 


Carlisle, 
Charlestown, 


Chelmsford, 

Concord, 

Dracut, 

Dunstable, 

Framingham, 

Groton, 

Holliston, 

Hopkinton, 

Lexington, 

Lincoln, 

Littleton, 

Lowell, 


Maiden, 
Marlborough, 
Medford,  - 


Willard  Phillips,  152 

Franklin  Sawyer,  Jr.,  367 

Charles  Wood,  142 

John  Jacobs,  118 
Rich.  Frothingham,  Jr.,  44 

James  M.  Stone,  6 

Oliver  Smith,  223 

Edward  Thorndike,  52 

John  L.  Taggard,  336 

Jabez  Stevens,  186 

Aaron  A.  Kelsey,  244 

Archibald  O.  Varnum,  346 

Ira  Hall,  126 

Carleton  Parker,  116 

Phineas  G.  Prescott,  8 

Simeon  Fisher,  75 
William  Claflin,          Desk. 

Philip  Russell,  34 

Daniel  Weston,  321 

Jacob  G.  Elliot,  146 

Jefferson  Bancroft,  249 

Francis  Bush,  78 

Joseph  Bedlow,  238 

James  Dinsmoor,  45 

George  Gardner,  151 

John  Maynard,  358 

Hannibal  Powers,  88 

Silas  Tyler,  159 

William  Ripley,  305 

Tappan  Wentworth,  331 

William  Johnson,  380 

Obadiah  W.  Albee,  83 
Thatcher  R.  Raymond,  19 


30 


House  of  Representatives. 


Melrose, 

John  T.  Paine, 

11 

Natick, 

Newton, 

Marshall  S.  Rice, 

368 

Joseph  Barney, 

107 

Pepperell, 

John  D.  Fisk, 

216 

Reading, 

James  S.  Campbell, 

139 

Sherburne, 

Shirley, 

Leonard  M.  Parker, 

111 

Somerville, 

George  0.  Brastow, 

254 

South  Reading, 

Edward  Mansfield, 

161 

Stonehani, 

George  Cowdry, 

95 

Stow* 

Peter  Fletcher, 

213 

Sudbury, 

Israel  Haynes, 

167 

Tewksbury, 

Benj.  F.  Spaulding, 

185 

Townsend, 

Henry  A.  Gerry, 

392 

Tyngsborough, 

Walt  ham, 

Watertown, 

Seth  Bemis,  Jr., 

133 

Way  land, 

John  B.  Wight, 

10 

West  Cambridge, 

David  W.  Horton, 

20 

Westford, 

Nathan  S.  Hamblin, 

229 

Weston, 

Isaac  Coburn, 

171 

Wilmington, 

Nathan  Townsend, 

352 

Winchester, 

Frederic  0.  Prince, 

73 

Woburn, 

COUNTY 

OF   WORCESTER. 

Ashburnham, 

Ivers  Adams, 

366 

Athol, 

Nehemiah  Ward, 

16 

Auburn, 

Almerin  L.  Ackley, 

178 

House  of  Representatives. 


31 


Barre, 

Luke  Houghton, 

280 

Berlin, 

Arnos  Sawyer, 

138 

Blackstone, 

Caleb  Thayer, 

70 

B0U071, 

Boylston, 

John  Andrews,  2d, 

98 

Brookfield, 

Alfred  Rice, 

59 

Charlton, 

Luther  Litchfield, 

234 

Clinton, 

Horatio  N.  Bigelow, 

92 

Dana, 

Leonard  Doane, 

379 

Douglas, 

Perley  Gould, 

374 

Dudley, 

Henry  H.  Stevens, 

193 

Fitchburg, 

Charles  Mason,           Desk. 

Nathaniel  Wood, 

105 

Gardner, 

John  Edgell, 

189 

Grafton, 

Levi  Rawson, 

284 

Hardwick, 

Alvah  Southworth, 

306 

Harvard, 

George  Gerry, 

327 

Ho  Id  en, 

X>eorge  W.  Bascom, 

50 

Hubbardston, 

William  Bennett,  Jr., 

100 

Lancaster, 

Anthony  Lane, 

269 

Leicester, 

Samuel  Watson, 

160 

Leominster, 

George  S.  Burrage, 

183 

Lunenburg, 

Willard  Porter, 

163 

Mendon, 

Francis  E.  Wheelock, 

104 

Milford, 

Hiram  Hunt, 

266 

Alfred  Bragg, 

166 

Millbury, 

Orville  E.  Thompson, 

121 

New  Braintree, 

Jonathan  G.  Frost, 

344 

Northborough, 

Samuel  Clark, 

33 

Northbridge, 

Erastus  0.  Benson, 

265 

North  Brookfield, 

Charles  Adams,  Jr., 

381 

Oakham, 

James  B.  Ware, 

285 

Oxford,     ' 

Albert  A.  Cook, 

351 

32 


House  of  Representatives. 


Paxton, 

Petersham, 

Phillipston, 

Princeton, 

Royalston, 

Rutland, 

Shrewsbwy, 

Souihborough, 

Southbridge, 

Speticer, 

Sterling, 

Sturbridge, 

Sutton, 

Templeton, 

Upton, 

Uxbridge, 

Warren, 

Webster, 

Westborough, 

West  Boylston, 

West  Brookjield, 

Westminster, 

Winchendon, 

Worcester. 


Samuel  D.  Harrington,  145 


George  White, 

102 

Charles  C.  Bassett, 

197 

Ephraim  Beaman, 

237 

Joseph  Raymond, 

99 

George  A.  Gates, 

342 

Lucius  S.  Allen, 

144 

Lovett  Fay, 

345 

William  Baldwin, 

180 

Luther  W.  Rugg, 

190 

Emerson  Johnson, 

120 

Salem  Chamberlin, 

22 

Dexter  Gilbert, 

32 

Warren  Lackey, 

288 

Nathan  Cody, 

40 

Elmer  Brigham, 

311 

E.  M.  Hosmer, 

124 

William  Curtis, 

97 

John  White, 

224 

Alvah  Godding, 

350 

John  Milton  Earle, 

61 

Edward  Earle, 

274 

Benjamin  Flagg, 

188 

John  F.  Gleason, 

231 

Charles  Washburn, 

108 

COUNTY   OF  HAMPSHIRE. 

Amherst,  William  C.  Fowler,       299 


House  of  Representatives. 


33 


Belchcrtown, 

Leonard  Barrett, 

176 

Chesterfield, 

Hudson  Bates, 

373 

Cummington, 

Charles  Shaw, 

243 

Easthampton, 

John  Wright,  2d, 

147 

Enfield, 

Henry  Fobes, 

140 

Goshen, 

William  Tilton, 

46 

Granby, 

Lucius  Ferry, 

313 

Greenwich, 

Luke  Earle, 

370 

Hadley, 

Dudley  Smith, 

162 

Hatfield, 

Elijah  Bard  well,  Jr., 

362 

Middlefield, 

Northampton, 

Norwich, 

William  Taylor, 

255 

Pelham, 

Nehemiah  W.  Aldrich 

,338 

Plainfield, 

Freeman  Hamlin, 

101 

Prescott, 

Nelson  B.  Jones, 

129 

South  Hadley, 

Lorenzo  Gaylord, 

354 

Southampton, 

Chauncy  Clapp, 

286 

Ware, 

Ira  P.  Gould, 

198 

Westhampton, 

Daniel  W.  Clark, 

220 

Williamsburg, 

Hiram  Hill, 

326 

Worthington, 

Ethan  Barnes, 

273 

COUNTY 

OF   HAMPDEN. 

Blandford, 

Justin  Wilson, 

297 

Brimfield, 

Chester, 

Aurelius  C.  Root, 

24 

Chicopee, 

Giles  S.  Chapin, 

375 

«■. 

Alpheus  Nettleton, 

400 

John  Wells. 

14 

5h 


'34 


House  of  Representatives. 


Granville, 

Vincent  Holcombe, 

168 

Holland, 

Holyoke, 

Alexander  Day, 

347 

Longmeadow, 

Burgess  Salsbury,  . 

38 

Ludlow, 

Monson, 

Montgomery, 

William  Squier, 

201 

Palmer, 

Joseph  Brown,  2d, 

184 

Russell, 

Roland  Parks, 

30 

Southioick, 

John  Holcomb, 

155 

Springfield, 

Henry  Adams, 

365 

John  Mills, 

292 

Edward  F.  Moseley, 

384 

Thomas  W.  Wason, 

310 

Tolland, 

William  E.  Barnes, 

82 

Wales, 

Arbey  Squier, 

164 

Westfield, 

James  Noble, 

349 

West  Springfield, 

Daniel  G.  White, 

235 

Wilbraham, 

Roderick  S.  Merrick, 

281 

COUNTY 

OF   FRANKLIN. 

Ashfield, 

Hosea  Blake, 

194 

Bernardston, 

John  E.  Burke, 

196 

Buckland, 

Bartlett  Ballard, 

289 

Charlemont, 

Hart  Leavitt, 

84 

Coleraine, 

Horatio  Flagg, 

74 

Conway, 

James  S.  Whitney, 

110 

Deerfield, 

Cephas  Clapp, 

309 

Erving, 

Fordyce  Alexander, 

132 

Gill, 

Eliphalet  S.  Darling, 

314 

Greenfield, 

Lucius  Nims, 

187 

House  of  Representatives. 


35 


Haialey, 

George  Lathrop, 

23 

Heath, 

Joseph  White,  2d, 

291 

Leverett, 

Silas  Ball, 

114 

Leyden, 

E.  Wing  Packer, 

150 

Monroe, 

Asahel  Gore, 

361 

Montague, 

Erastus  Andrews, 

217 

Neiv  Salem, 

Alpheus  Harding,  Jr., 

191 

Northfield, 

Orange, 

Rodney  Hunt, 

76 

Rowe, 

Noah  Wells, 

324 

Shelburne, 

Ebenezer  G.  Lamson, 

212 

Shutesbury, 

Hardin  Hemenway, 

356 

Sunderland, 

Horace  Lyman, 

222 

Warwick, 

Ansel  Davis, 

339 

Wendell, 

Samuel  Brewer, 

319 

Whately, 

COUNTY 

OF   BERKSHIRE. 

Adams, 

Stephen  L.  Arnold, 

31 

John  H.  Orr, 

260 

Alford, 

William  Milligan, 

287 

Becket, 

Nathan  Barnes, 

355 

Cheshire, 

Silas  Cole, 

323 

Clarksburg, 

Dalton, 

Burr  Chamberiin, 

290 

Egremont, 

James  Baldwin, 

317 

Florida, 

Ephraim  Tower, 

378 

Great  Barrington,  Noble  B.  Pickett, 

123 

Hancock,  - 

Gardner  Eldridge, 

295 

Hinsdale, 

Mu n roe  Emmons, 

173 

36 


House  of  Representatives. 


Lanesborough, 

Asahel  Buck, 

125 

Lee, 

Harrison  Garfield, 

15 

Lenox, 

M.  S.  Wilson, 

247 

Monterey, 

John  Branning, 

258 

Mt.  Washington, 

New  Ashford, 

Norman  G.  Baxter, 

158 

New  Marlborough 

,  Benjamin  Smith, 

402 

Otis, 

Henry  K.  Spellman, 

199 

Peru, 

Zenas  Watkins, 

318 

Pittsfield, 

Samuel  A.  Churchill, 

60 

Ensign  H.  Kellogg, 

65 

Richmond, 

Samuel  Bartlett, 

316 

Sandisfieid, 

Francis  Baxter, 

192 

Savoy, 

Robert  Sturtevant,  Jr. 

,  131 

Sheffield, 

Rodney  Sage, 

300 

Stockbridge, 

Edward  C.  Carter, 

122 

Tyringham, 

Ezra  Heath, 

335 

Washington, 

Samuel  Bell, 

242 

West  Stockbridge, 

Andrew  Fuarey, 

385 

Williamstown, 

William  White, 

156 

Windsor, 

Reuben  Pierce, 

325 

COUNTY 

OF   NORFOLK. 

Bellingham, 

Martin  Rockwood, 

119 

Braintree, 

Caleb  Stetson, 

68 

Brookline, 

William  Aspinwall, 

205 

Canton, 

Charles  Endicott, 

382 

Cohasset, 

Thomas  Stoddard. 

51 

Dedham, 

Ezra  Wilkinson, 

67 

Dorchester, 

Edward  Sharp, 

18 

Nathaniel  F.  Safford, 

282 

House  of  Representatives. 


87 


Dover, 

Ralph  Sanger, 

79 

Foxborough, 

Martin  Torrey, 

41 

Franklin, 

William  Metcalf, 

261 

Medfield, 

Jonathan  P.  Bishop, 

371 

Medway, 

Milton, 

Jason  Reed, 

1 

Needham, 

Henry  Robinson, 

179 

Quincy, 

Joseph  W.  Robertson, 

301 

George  Marsh, 

148 

Randolph, 

Ezra  S.  Conant, 

137 

Roxbury, 

Stephen  M.  Allen, 

322 

Joseph  N.  Brewer, 

174 

Theodore  Dunn, 

93 

James  M.  Keith, 

5 

John  L.  Plummer, 

4 

John  S.  Sleeper, 

130 

Sharon, 

Stoughton, 

Albert  Johnson, 

233 

Walpole, 

Palmer  Morey, 

206 

Weymouth, 

Elias  Hunt, 

109 

Benjamin  F.  White, 

259 

Wrentham, 

COUNTY   OF   BRISTOL. 

Attleborough, 

Lyman  W.  Daggett, 

202 

Berkley, 

Abiel  B.  Crane, 

211 

Dartmouth, 

Francis  D.  Bartlett, 

208 

Dighton, 

Jonathan  Jones, 

236 

Easton, 

Fair  haven, 

Isaac  Wood,  Jr., 

256 

38 

Fall  River, 


Freetown, 
Mansfield, 
New  Bedford, 


House  of  Representatives. 

Nathaniel  B.  Borden,  364 

Richard  Borden,  143 

Richard  C.  French,  240 

James  B.  Luther,  12 

William  Hall,  359 

William  B.  Bates,  157 

Thomas  Kempton,  328 

Obed  Nye,  277 

Richard  A.  Palmer,  39 


Norton, 

Pawtucket, 

Raynham, 

Rehoboth, 

Seekonk, 

Somerset, 

Swanzey, 

Taunton, 


Westport, 


Austin  Messinger,  2 

Cassander  Gilmore,  209 

Sylvester  Hunt,  210 

John  Gregory,  263 

Benjamin  Cartwright,  304 

William  T.  Chase,  7 

John  Andrews,  262 
Lewis  R.  Chesbrough,  195 

James  M.  Williams,  94 

Frederick  Brownell,  172 


COUNTY   OF   PLYMOUTH. 


Abington, 

Bridgewater, 

Carver, 

Duxbury, 


East  Bridgewater,  Levi  Churchill, 
Halifax,  Edwin  Inglee, 


Isaac  Hersey,  271 

James  W.  Ward,  343 

Asahel  Hathaway,         315 
Matthias  Ellis,  332 

Joshua  W.  Hathaway,  248 

353 
226 


House  of  Representatives. 


39 


Hanover, 

John  S.  Barry, 

85 

Hanson, 

Elijah  Damon, 

251 

Hingham, 

Charles  W.  dishing, 

264 

Hull, 

Martin  Knight, 

278 

Kingston, 

Nathaniel  Faunce, 

253 

Marshjield, 

Luther  Hatch, 

214 

Middleborough, 

Everett  Robinson, 

334 

Joshua  Wood, 

58 

N.  Bridgewater, 

Jesse  Perkins, 

35 

Pembroke, 

Joseph  Cobb, 

218 

Plymouth, 

William  H.  Bradford, 

000 

Plympton, 

Joseph  B.  Nye, 

329 

Rochester, 

John  H.  Clark, 

232 

Scituate, 

Elijah  Jenkins,  Jr., 

215 

South  Scituate, 

James  Southworth, 

383 

Wareham, 

Lewis  Kinney, 

128 

W.  Bridgewater, 

Joseph  Kingman, 

293 

COUNTY   OF   BARNSTABLE. 

Barnstable, 


Brewster, 

Chatham, 

Dennis, 

Eastham, 

Falmouth, 

Harwich, 

Orleans, 

Provincetown, 

Sandwich, 


Josiah  Seabury,  89 

Josiah  Kendrick,  42 

Thomas  Hall,  17 

Scutter  Cobb,  228 

David  Lawrence,  135 

Nathaniel  Doane,  Jr.,  283 

Leander  Crosby,  303 

Joseph  P.  Johnson,  245 


40  House  of  Representatives. 

Truro, 

Wellfleet,  Ebenezer  Freeman,        175 

Yarmouth,  Nathaniel  S.  Simpkins,  106 


DUKES   COUNTY. 

Chilmark,                Herman  Vincent,  56 

Edgartown,             Sirson  P.  Coffin,  302 

Tisbury,                   William  S.  Vincent,  25 


COUNTY  OF  NANTUCKET. 

Nantucket,  James  H.  Briggs,  37 

Reuben  Maeder,  276 

Obed  Swain,  227 


LEWIS  JOSSELYN,  Clerk. 

Rev.  George  M.  Randall,  Chaplain. 

„  ~  C  Sergeant  at  Arms  of  the 

Benjamin  Stevens,  J        *  General  Court. 

Alexis  Poole,  Doorkeeper. 

David  Murphy,  Messenger. 

Joseph  P.  Dexter,  Assistant  Messenger. 

Timothy  Hayes,  Postmaster. 

Silas  H.  Buckingham,  Page. 

James  N.  Tolman,  Jr.,  Assistant  Page. 


STANDING  COMMITTEES   OF  THE 
SENATE. 


ON   THE  JUDICIARY. 

Messrs.  Griswold,  Wood,  of  Plymouth,  and  Russell. 

ON   MATTERS   IN  PROBATE   AND  CHANCERY. 

Messrs.  Warner,  Wood,  of  Worcester,  and  Barney. 

ON  THE  TREASURY. 

Messrs.  Sears,  Taber  and  Brown. 

ON   BILLS   IN   THE  THIRD  READING. 

Messrs.  Saunders,  Kuhn,  Wood, of  Plymouth,  Beach, 
Russell  and  Kimball. 


ON   ENGROSSED  BILLS. 

Messrs.  Hilliard,  Whitney,  Graves,  Hawley,  Morri- 
son and  Wellington. 

6h 


JOINT   STANDING  COMMITTEES. 


ON   ACCOUNTS. 

Messrs.  Howe  and 
Boynton, 

Messrs.  Adams,  of  N.  Brookfield 
Brewer,  of  Roxbury, 
Packer,  of  Leyden, 
Seaver,  of  Boston, 
Kelsey,  of  Concord, 


\f 


the  Senate. 


'I 


\of  the  House, 


ON   AGRICULTURE. 

Messrs.  Wellington  and 
Moseley, 

Messrs.  Brigham,  of  Westboro', 
Buck,  of  Lanesborough, 
Barry,  of  Hanover, 
Hunt,  of  Rehoboth, 
Russell,  of  Lexington, 


1 

I 


the  Senate, 


rf  the  House. 


ON   BANKS   AND  BANKING. 


Messrs.  DeWitt  and 
Kuhn, 

Messrs.  Stetson,  of  Braintree, 
Cowdry,  of  Stoneham, 
Williams,  of  Taunton, 
Hooper,  of  Boston, 
Kingman,  of  W.  Bridge- 
water, 


w 


the  Senate, 


>  of  the  House. 


Joint  Standing  Committees. 


43 


ON    CLAIMS. 

Messrs.  Bigclow  and 
Dean, 

Messrs.  Bishop,  of  Medfield, 
Nutter,  of  Boston, 
Wilson,  of  Blandford, 
Milligan,  of  Alford, 
Powers,  of  Lowell, 


>  of  the  Senate. 
of  the  House. 


ON  EDUCATION. 

Messrs.  Keyes  and 
Hyde, 

Messrs.  Curtis,  of  W.  Brookfield, 
Coggswell,  of  Bedford, 
Fowler,  of  Amherst, 
Kettell,  of  Boston, 
Ward,  of  Abington, 


the  Senate. 


■of  the  House. 


ON   FISHERIES. 

Messrs.  Cazneau  and 
Kimball, 

Messrs.  Coffin,  of  Edgartown, 
Crosby,  of  Orleans, 
Gott,  of  Rockport, 
Swain,  of  Nantucket, 
Johnson,  of  Provincetown, 


[  of  the  Senate. 


■  of  the  House. 


ON   THE   LIBRARY. 


Messrs.  Buckingham,  Sears  and 
Robinson, 

Messrs.  Parker,  of  Shirley, 

Earle,  of  Greenwich, 
Sleeper,  of  Roxbury, 


>  of  the  Senate. 

>  of  the  House. 


44  Joint  Standing  Committees 


ON   MANUFACTURES. 

Messrs.  Robinson  and 

Hilliard, 
Messrs.  Whitney,  of  Conway, 

Stone,  of  Charlestown, 

Wightman,  of  Boston,  )-of  the  House, 

Ackley,  of  Auburn, 

Faunce,  of  Kingston, 


\  of  the  Senate. 

} 
I 


ON  MERCANTILE  AFFAIRS  AND  INSURANCE. 

Seaver  and 

Wood,  of  Worcester, 


Messrs.  Seaver  and  )     r  .,     c 

>  of  the  Senate. 

Messrs.  Raymond,  of  Medford,        1 
Barker,  of  Lawrence, 
Borden,  of  Fall  River,         ^>  of  the  House. 
Gardner,  of  Boston, 
Jenkins,  of  Scituate, 


ON   THE  MILITIA. 

Messrs.  Hawley  and  }  of  ^  ^^ 

Saunders, 
Messrs.  Wilson,  of  Lenox, 

Nettleton,  of  Chicopee, 

Brastow,  of  Somerville,       )-of  the  House. 

Foster,  of  Groveland, 

Hatch,  of  Marshfield, 


ON   PARISHES   AND   RELIGIOUS  SOCIETIES. 

Welch  am 
Hubbard, 


}  of  the  Senate. 

Messrs.  Wood,  of  Middleborough,  ~] 
Elliot,  of  Littleton, 

Wells,  of  Chicopee,  }■  of  the  House, 

Daggett,  of  Attleborough, 
Flagg,  of  Coleraine, 


Joint  Standing  Committees.  45 

ON    PRISONS. 


Messrs.  Beach  and  )  QJ  thg  Smate 

Keyes,  ) 

Messrs.  Thorndike,  of  Charlesto'n,  ~) 

Kimball  of  Boston, 

Walcott,  of  Danvers,  J>  of  the  House. 

Fuarey,  of  W.  Stockbridge, 

Hall,  of  Freetown, 

ON  PUBLIC  CHARITABLE  INSTITUTIONS. 

Messrs.  Graves  and  )     ,  ^  Senate 

Warner,  )  ■J 

Messrs.  Earle,  of  Worcester,  ^ 

Lincoln,  of  Boston, 

Toppan,  of  Newburyport,   ^  of  the  House. 

Farwell,  of  Cambridge, 

Bates,  of  Mansfield, 

ON  PUBLIC  EXPENDITURES. 

Messrs.  Buckingham  and  )    ,  ^  Smate 

Daniels,  )  J 

Messrs.  Holcombe,  of  Granville, 

Edgell,  of  Gardner, 

Bancroft,  of  Lowell,  \  of  the  House. 

Cobb,  of  Pembroke, 

Sanger,  of  Dover, 

ON  PUBLIC   LANDS. 

Messrs.  Whitney  and  )     ,  ^  ^^ 

Morrison,  )  J 

Messrs.  Woodbury,  of  Acton,  1 

Payson,  of  Rowley, 

Alexander,  of  Erving,  )-of  the  House. 

Gilmore,  of  Raynham, 

Arnold,  of  Adams,  J 


1 

I 


46 


Joint  Standing  Committees. 

NALS 

\  of  the  Senate. 


ON   RAILWAYS   AND  CANALS. 

Messrs.  Wilkins  and 

Usher, 
Messrs.  Payne,  of  Melrose, 

Bennett,  of  Hubbardston, 

Simpkins,  of  Yarmouth,       ^qf  the  House. 

Conant,  of  Randolph, 

Smith,  of  Hadley, 


>  of  the  Senate. 


ON   ROADS    AND  BRIDGES. 

Messrs.  Newell  and 

Austin, 
Messrs.  Sturtevant,  of  Savoy, 

Lawrence,  of  Falmouth, 

Sawyer,  of  Berlin,  ^  of  the  House. 

Kimball,  of  Salem, 

Metcalf  of  Franklin, 


ON  TOWNS. 

Messrs.  Basset  and 
Brown, 

Messrs.  Adams,  of  Ashburnham, 
Dinsmoor,  of  Lowell, 
Parks  of  Russell, 
Keith,  of  Roxbury, 
Hathaway,  of  Duxbury, 


w 


the  Senate. 


of  the  House. 


STANDING   COMMITTEES 

OF    THE 

HOUSE   OF    REPRESENTATIVES. 


ON  THE  JUDICIARY. 

Messrs.  dishing,  of  Newbury,  Mills,  of  Springfield, 
Curtis,  of  Boston,  Wilkinson,  of  Dedham,  Went- 
worth,  of  Lowell,  Safford,  of  Dorchester,  Nims, 
of  Greenfield. 

ON   MATTERS  OF  PROBATE   AND  CHANCERY. 

Messrs.  Branning,  of  Monterey,  Plimpton,  of  Boston, 
Prince,  of  Winchester,  Robinson,  of  Middle- 
borough,  Clark,  of  Northborough,  Wells,  of 
Roive,  Earle,  of  Greenwich. 

ON   FINANCE. 

Messrs.  Frothingham,  of  Charlestown,  Wood,  of 
Fitchburg,  Kellogg,  of  Pittsfield,  Hunt,  of  Or- 
ange, Brooks,  of  Boston,  Jones,  of  Prescott, 
Crane,  of  Berkley. 

ON  ELECTIONS. 

Messrs.  Wood,  of  Fitchburg,  Leavitt,  of  Charle- 
mont,  Schouler,  of  Boston,  Payne,  of  Melrose, 
Story,  of  Salem,  Robinson,  of  Middleborough, 
Palmer,  of  New  Bedford. 

ON  BILLS  IN   THE   THIRD   READING. 

Messrs.  Mason,  of  Fitchburg,  Haines,  of  Lynn, 
Pond,  of  Boston,  Albee,  of  Marlborough,  Ames, 
of  Chelsea^  White,  of  West  Springfield,  Cham- 
berlin,  of  Ballon. 


48  Standing  Committees. 


ON   ENGROSSED   BILLS. 


Messrs.  Claflin,  of  Hopkinton,  Brownell,  of  West- 
port,  Chesbrough,  of  Taunton,  Emmons,  of 
Hinsdale,  Clark,  of  Westhampton,  Day,  of  Hot- 
yoke,  Briggs,  of  Nantucket. 


ON   COUNTY  ESTIMATES. 


Messrs.  Messenger,  of  Norton,  Endicott,  of  Canton, 
Ferry,  of  Granby,  Cole,  of  Cheshire,  Maeder,  of 
Nantucket. 

ON   THE   PAY   ROLL. 

Messrs.  Flagg,  of  Worcester,  Wood,  of  Fair- 
haven,  Spellman,  of  Otis,  Sleeper,  of  Boston, 
Churchill,  of  East  Bridgewater. 

ON   CHANGE   OF   NAMES. 

Messrs.  Burk,  of  Bernardston,  Allen,  of  Shrews- 
bury, Seabury,  of  Brewster,  Shaw,  of  Cumming- 
ton,  Coburn,  of  Weston. 

ON  LEAVE   OF  ABSENCE. 

Messrs.  Harding,  of  New  Salem,  J.  Munroe,  of 
Boston,  Vincent,  of  Chilmark,  Rugg,  of  Sterling, 
Robinson,  of  Needham. 

ON   PUBLIC   BUILDINGS. 

Messrs.  Wason,  of  Springfield,  Thompson,  of 
Millbury,  Marsh,  of  Boston,  Hammond,  of  Lynn, 
Stoddard,  of  Cohasset. 

ON    PRINTING. 

Messrs.  Ames,  of  Chelsea,  Jones,  of  Cambridge, 
Gerry,  of  Harvard,  Hall,  of  Dennis,  Hemen- 
way,  of  Shutesbury. 


Assignment  of  Committee  Rooms.  49 

MONITORS   OF   THE   HOUSE. 

First  Division.— Messrs.  BENNETT,  of  Hub- 
bardston,  and  SCHOULER,  of  Boston. 

Second  Division. — Messrs.  COWDRY,  of  Stone- 
ham,  and  RAYMOND,  of  Royalston. 

Third  Division.— Messrs.  WALCOTT,  of  Dan- 
vers,  and  WILLIAMS,  of  Taunton. 

Fourth  Division. — Messrs.  BARRY,  of  Hano- 
ver, and  SEABROOK,  of  Brewster. 

Fifth  Division.— Messrs.  LEAVITT,  of  Char- 
lemont,  and  MUNROE,  of  Boston. 

Sixth  Division. — Messrs.  HUNT,  of  Orange, 
and  SANGER,  of  Dover. 

West  Gallery. — Messrs.  MOSELEY,  of  Spring- 
field, and  NETTLETON,  of  Chicopee. 

East  Gallery.— Messrs.  ALDRICH,  of  Pel- 
ham,  and  ODIN,  of  Boston. 


ASSIGNMENT  OF  COMMITTEE  ROOMS. 
EAST  WING. 


Committee  on  Towns, 

- 

Lobby,  No.  7 

it 

on  Roads  and  Bi 

ridges 

,     -         -       "    7 

«« 

on  Prisons, 

- 

.       «    7 

<< 

on  Railroads,  - 

- 

-     Nos.  8  &  9 

t< 

on  Library, 

- 

Library. 

« 

on  Education, 

- 

« 

<( 

on  Finance,     - 

- 

Auditor's  Office. 

WEST  WHIG. 

on  Agriculture,        -  Lobby,  No.  1 1 

on  Accounts,  -         -  -  -  "  ]  1 

on  Printing,     -         -  -  -  "  11 

on  Probate  and  Chancery,  -  "  13 

on  Fisheries,  -         -  -  -  "  13 

7h 


50  Cloaks,  Overcoats,  Sfc. 

Committee  on  Parishes  and  Relig.  Societies,  No.  13 
"  on  Judiciary,  -         -         -         -    "     14 

"  on   Banks   and   Banking,    Sergeant-at- 

Arms,  No.  15. 
"  on  Claims  and  County  Estimates,  Ser- 

geant-at-Arms,  No.  15. 
"  on  Public  Buildings,  Sergeant-at-Arms, 

No.  15. 
"  on  Public  Lands,         -         Land  Office. 

"  on  Militia,      Adjutant  General's  Office. 

"  on    Mercantile   Affairs   and   Insurance, 

No.  1,  Attic. 
"  on  Manufactures,        -         No.  2,  Attic. 

"  on  Public  Charitable  Institutions,  Senate 

Lobby. 

"  on  Elections,     -         -        Green  Room. 

..  .u    t»      o   ii  ^  Office  of  Clerk 

on   he  Pay  Roll,  {  Qf  Ho.  of  Reps., 

on  leave  of  Absence,  f  Qn  the  wfigt  J 

on  Change  of  Names,  ■  of  ^  R       UJ 


DEPOSIT  OF  CLOAKS,  OVERCOATS,  &c. 

No.  12,  West  Wing,  is  reserved  for  Members 
occupying  seats  in  the  first  and  second  Divisions, 
and  the  West  Gallery,  to  deposit  their  Coats, 
Cloaks,  &-c.  And  for  said  purpose,  Lobby  No. 
10,  East  Wing,  for  the  Members  occupying  seats 
in  Divisions  3,  4,  5,  6,  and  East  Gallery. 

Messengers  will  be  in  constant  attendance  for 
their  security. 

OJ^Members  are  particularly  requested  to  use 
the  numbers  corresponding  with  their  seats. 


CIVIL  GOVERNMENT 

OF    THE 

CmomntiittJaltlj   nf  jtasarjjoetts, 

WITH    PLACES    OF    RESIDENCE. 
1851. 


His  Excellency  GEORGE  S.  BOUTWELL,  Governor. 
Adams  House. 

His  Honor  HENRY   W.  CUSHMAN,  Lieut.  Governor. 
Adams  House. 

COUNCIL. 

ISAAC   EMERY,  134  Sea  street. 

JOHN  B.  ALLEY,  At  home,  Lynn. 

GEORGE   W.  DIKE,  At  home,  Stoneham. 

ISAAC   DAVIS,  At  home,  Worcester. 

R.  B.  HUBBARD,  Marlboro'  Hotel. 

NOAH   GIBSON,  United  States  Hotel. 

E.  K.  WHITAKER,  Adams  House. 

PHILO   LEACH,  At  home,  Bridgewater. 

JOHNSON   GARDNER,  Adams  House. 

AMASA  WALKER,  Secretary  of  State,  Adams  House. 

CHARLES  B.  HALL,  Treasurer  and  Receiver  General, 
Adams  House. 

DAVID   WILDER,  Jr.,  Auditor,  32  Derne  street. 

NOAH   ROBINSON,  Messenger  to  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil, 23  Hudson  street. 


LIST     OF    MEMBERS 


OF    THE 


SENATE 


HENRY    WILSON,  President,  Marlboro'  Hotel. 


SUFFOLK. 


David  Sears, 
Benjamin  Seaver, 
John  H.  Wilkins, 
George  H.  Kuhn, 
Charles  Theodore  Russell, 
Charles  Hubbard, 


42  Beacon  steeet. 
Revere  House. 
52  Bowdoin  street. 
66  Beacon  street. 
17  Edinburgh  street. 
At  home,  Chelsea. 


ESSEX. 


Moses  Newell, 
Frederick  Robinson, 
Daniel  Saunders,  Jr., 
Robert  S.  Daniels, 
Edmund  Kimball, 


Wilde's  Hotel. 
At  home,  Marblehead. 
At  home,  Lawrence. 
At  home,  Danvers. 
At  home,  Bradford. 


MIDDLESEX. 


Joseph  T.  Buckingham, 
John  W.  Graves, 
John  Boynton, 
Luke  Wellington, 
James  M.  Usher, 


At  home,  Cambridge. 
At  home,  Lowell. 
At  home,  Groton. 
City  Hotel. 
At  home,  Medford. 


Residence  of  Members. 


53 


Alexander  De  Witt, 
Edward  B.  Bigelow, 
Francis  Howe, 
Giles  H.  "Whitney, 
Moses  Wood, 


William  A.  Hawley, 
William  Hyde,  Jr., 


Whiting  Griswold, 


Erasmus  D.  Beach, 
David  Mosely, 


Richard  P.  Brown, 
Asa  G.  Welch, 


Samuel  Warner,  Jr., 
Edward  L.  Keyes, 
Alvah  Morrison, 


William  H.  Wood, 
Edward  Cazneau, 


William  C.  Taber, 
Lyman  W.  Dean, 
George  Austin, 


WORCESTER. 

Adams  House. 

12  Somerset  street. 
Franklin,  cr.  of  Hawley  st. 
American  House. 

HAMPSHIRE. 

Winthrop  House. 
Winthrop  House. 

FRANKLIN. 

Adams  House. 

HAMPDEN. 

Winthrop  House. 
Adams  House. 

BERKSHIRE. 

United  States  Hotel. 
Adams  House. 

NORFOLK. 

Adams  House. 
At  home,  Dedham. 
At  home,  Braintree. 

PLYMOUTH. 

Adams  House. 

At  home,  Hingham. 

BRISTOL. 

Adams  House. 
Adams  House. 
Washington  Coffee  House 


54  Residence  of  Members. 

BARNSTABLE. 

Stephen  Hilliard,  Slade's  Hotel. 

Zenas  D.  Bassett,  Adams  House. 

NANTUCKET    AND  DUKES   COUNTY. 
William  Barney,  Adams  House. 


CHAUNCEY  L.  KNAPP,  Clerk,  Marlboro'  Hotel. 

JOSEPH  H.  BUCKINGHAM,  Assistant  Clerk,  Ex- 
change Coffee  House. 

Rev.  A.  L.  STONE,  Chaplain,  12  Myrtle  street. 

WILLIAM   M.  WISE,  Doorkeeper,  54  Orange  st. 

JAMES  N.  TOLMAN,  Assistant  Doorkeeper,  2  Bay 
street. 

TILSON  FULLER,  Page,  161  Court  st. 


LIST     OF     MEMBERS 


OF    THE 


HOUSE   OF   REPRESENTATIVES. 


NATHANIEL   P.  BANKS,  Jr.,  Speaker,  Adams  House. 


COUNTY   OF   SUFFOLK. 


Boston,  Sidney  Bartlett, 

John  Bigelow, 
Charles  Boardman, 
Billings  Briggs, 
Edward  Brooks, 
Isaac  Cary, 
Otis  Clapp, 
Calvin  W.  Clark, 
Robert  L.  Colby, 
Samuel  F.  Coolidge, 
Benjamin  R.  Curtis, 
Tisdale  Drake, 
William  Eaton, 
Thomas  Edwards, 
Henry  H.  Fuller, 
Henry  J.  Gardner, 
Junius  Hall, 
Samuel  Hooper, 
Benjamin  James, 
Eliphalet  Jones, 
-  Isaac  Jones, 
Samuel  Kettell, 


95  Beacon  st. 
42  Blossom  st. 

3  Ashland  st. 
Myrtle  ct. 

21  Beacon  st. 
719  Washington  st. 
44  Charles  st. 
1  Kingston  st. 
100  Third  St.,  S.  B. 

1  Chestnut  st. 
93  Beacon  st. 
42  Sea  st. 

278  Broadway,  S.  B. 
Border  St.,  E.  B. 

2  Avon  pi. 

13  Mt.  Vernon  st. 
16  Essex  st. 
85  Mt.  Vernon  st. 
341  Broadway,  S.  B. 

4  McLean  st. 

213  Fourth  st.,  S.  B. 
27  Howard  st. 


56 


Residence  of  Members. 


Boston. 


Chelsea, 
North  Chelsea, 


Moses  Kimball, 
Ezra  Lincoln, 
Robert  Marsh, 
Abel  B.  Munroe, 
James  Munroe, 
Charles  C.  Nutter, 
John  Odin,  Jr., 
Julius  A.  Palmer, 
John  F.  Payson, 
Silas  F.  Plimpton, 
Benjamin  Pond, 
William  Pope, 
John  P.  Putnam, 
William  Schouler, 
Nathaniel  Seaver, 
Thomas  J.  Shelton, 
Jacob  Sleeper, 
John  Spence,  Jr., 
Elijah  Stearns, 
George  Whittemore, 
Joseph  M.  Wightman, 
Clement  Willis, 
Azel  Ames, 
Edward  Bassett, 
Edward  Floyd, 


15  Bennet  st. 

502  Washington  st. 

40  Salem  st. 

4  Tileston  st. 

1  Garden  Ct.  st. 
Montgomery  House. 
88  Tremont  st. 
3  Crescent  pi. 
3  New  Prince  st. 

1  Lyman  pi. 
121  Webster  st. 

2  Garland  st. 

37  West  Cedar  st. 
36  Pearl  st. 
East  Boston. 

1  Hartford  pi. 
53  Summer  st. 

2  Baldwin  pi. 
114  Salem  st. 

27  Washington  sq. 
79  Carver  st. 

5  Essex  st. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
At  home. 


COUNTY  OF  ESSEX. 

Rozford,  Samuel  H.  Batchelder,  Cambridgeport, 

Bradford,  Nathaniel  Peabody,      Griffin's,  Brattle  st. 

Danvers,  William  Walcott,  At  home. 

Otis  Mudge,  At  home. 

Henry  A.  Hardy,  At  home. 

Essex.  Gilman  P.  Allen.  32  Leverett  st. 


Residence  of  Members. 


5? 


Georgetown, 

Henry  H.  Baker, 

8  La  Grange  pi. 

Gloucester, 

Jeremiah  R.  Cook, 

7  Leverett  st. 

William  H.  Haskell, 

At  home. 

Groveland, 

Moses  Foster,  Jr., 

Griffin's,  Brattle  st. 

Ipswich, 

Nath'l  R.  Farley,  Jr.. 

At  home. 

Lawrence, 

James  K.  Barker, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Morris  Knowles, 

At  home. 

George  D.  Lund, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Lynn. 

Israel  Buffum, 

At  home, 

Joseph  Haines, 

At  home. 

John  Q.  Hammond, 

At  home. 

Isaiah  Hacker, 

At  home. 

Lynnfield, 

William  Skinner,  Jr., 

At  home. 

Manchester. 

John  Girdler,  2d, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Newbury, 

Caleb  Cushing, 

Pavilion. 

Newburyport, 

Jeremiah  Colman, 

Patterson  House. 

Edward  Toppan,  Jr., 

At  home. 

Isaac  Stevens, 

At  home. 

Rockport, 

Addison  Gott, 

NewEngland  House 

Rowley, 

Thomas  E.  Payson, 

At  home. 

Salem, 

William  Kimball, 

At  home. 

William  F  Nichols, 

At  home. 

Joseph  B.  F.  Osgood, 

At  home. 

Charles  M.  Richardson,  At  home. 

Augustus  Story, 

At  home. 

Michael  Shepard, 

At  home. 

Salisbury, 

John  Q.  Evans, 

Franklin  House. 

Saugus, 

Charles  Sweetser, 

At  home. 

Topsfield, 

Nehemiah  Balch, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Wenham, 

John  Porter, 

At  home. 

West  Newbury, 

Benjamin  Edwards, 

At  home. 

8h 


58 


Residence  of  Members. 


COUNTY  OF  MIDDLESEX. 


Acton, 

James  T.  Woodbury, 

City  Hotel. 

Ashby, 

Howard  Gates, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

Ashland, 

James  Jackson, 

At  home. 

Bedford, 

Francis  Coggswell, 

Marlboro'  Hotel, 

Boxborough, 

John  Fletcher, 

Franklin  House. 

Brighton, 

David  Collins, 

At  home. 

Burlington, 

William  Winn,  Jr., 

At  home. 

Cambridge, 

Stephen  T.  Farwell, 

At  home. 

Justin  Jones, 

At  home 

Willard  Phillips, 

At  home. 

Franklin  Sawyer,  Jr., 

At  home. 

Charles  Wood, 

At  home. 

Carlisle, 

John  Jacobs. 

City  Hotel. 

Charlestown, 

Rich.  Frothingham,Jr 

.,At  home. 

James  M.  Stone, 

At  home. 

Oliver  Smith, 

At  home. 

Edward  Thorndike, 

At  home. 

John  L.  Taggard, 

At  home. 

Chelmsford, 

Jabez  Stevens, 

54  South  Margin  st 

Concord, 

Aaron  A.  Kelsey, 

City  Hotel. 

D>acut, 

Archibald  0.  Varnum 

,  At  home. 

Dunstable, 

Ira  Hall, 

Pearl  Street  House. 

Framingham, 

Carleton  Parker, 

At  home. 

Groton, 

Phineas  G.  Prescott, 

At  home. 

Holliston, 

Simeon  Fisher 

At  home. 

Hopkinton, 

William  Claflii 

Bromfield  House 

Lexington, 

Philip  Russell, 

At  home. 

Lincoln, 

Daniel  Weston, 

At  home. 

Littleton, 

Jacob  G.  Elliot, 

At  home. 

Lowell, 

Jefferson  Bancroft, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Francis  Bush, 

At  home. 

Joseph  Bedlow, 

At  home. 

James  Dinsmoor, 

At  home. 

Residence  of  Members. 


59 


Lowell, 

George  Gardner, 

At  home. 

John  Maynard, 

At  home. 

Hannibal  Powers, 

At  home. 

Silas  Tyler, 

At  home. 

William  Ripley, 

At  Charlestown,  J.  B. 

Tappan  Wentworth, 

At  home.        [Morse. 

Maiden, 

William  Johnson, 

At  home. 

Marlborough, 

Obadiah  W.  Albee, 

Cr  of  Richmond  and 

Medford, 

Thatcher  R.  Raymond, At  home.    [Hanover. 

Melrose, 

John  T.  Paine, 

At  home. 

Natick, 

Nathaniel  Clark, 

At  home. 

Newton, 

Marshall  S.  Rice, 

At  home. 

Joseph  Barney, 

Adams  House. 

Pepperell, 

John  D.  Fisk, 

At  home. 

Beading, 

James  S.  Campbell, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Shirley, 

Leonard  M.  Parker, 

Montgomery  House. 

Somerville, 

George  0.  Brastow, 

At  home. 

South  Beading, 

Edward  Mansfield, 

At  home. 

Stoneham, 

George  Cowdry, 

At  home. 

Stow, 

Peter  Fletcher, 

At  home. 

Sudbury, 

Israel  Haynes, 

Franklin  House. 

Tewksbury, 

Benj.  F.  Spaulding, 

At  home. 

Townsend, 

Henry  A.  Gerry, 

At  home. 

Waltham, 

Nalh'l  P.  Banks,  Jr., 

Adams  House. 

Watertown, 

Seth  Bemis,  Jr., 

At  home. 

Wayland, 

John  B.  Wight, 

59  Chestnut  st 

W.  Cambridge 

,  David  W.  Horton, 

At  home. 

Westford, 

Nathan  S.  Hamblin, 

At  home. 

Weston, 

Isaac  Coburn, 

Quincy  House. 

Wilmington, 

Nathan  Townsend, 

10  Bromfield  House. 

Winchester, 

Frederic  0.  Prince, 

At  home. 

60 


Residence  of  Members. 


COUNTY   OF   WORCESTER. 


Ashbumham, 

Ivers  Adams, 

Patterson  House. 

Athol, 

Nehemiah  Ward, 

Adams  House. 

Auburn, 

Alruerin  L.  Ackley, 

American  House. 

Bane, 

Luke  Houghton, 

Quincy  House. 

Berlin, 

Amos  Sawyer, 

At  home. 

Blackstone, 

Caleb  Thayer, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

Boylston, 

John  Andrews,  2d, 

61  Federal  st. 

Brookfield, 

Alfred  Rice, 

City  Hotel. 

Charlton, 

Luther  Litchfield, 

31  Brattle  st. 

Clinton, 

Horatio  N.Bigelow, 

Adams  House. 

Dana, 

Leonard  Doane, 

42  Cambridge  st. 

Douglas, 

Perley  Gould, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Dudley, 

Henry  H.  Stevens, 

11  Elm  st. 

Fitrliburg, 

Charles  Mason, 

Quincy  House. 

Nathaniel  Wood, 

Quincy  House. 

Gardner, 

John  Edgell, 

Quincy  House. 

Grafton, 

Levi  Rawson, 

Adams  House. 

Hardwick, 

Alvah  South  worth. 

Quincy  House. 

Harvard, 

George  Gerry, 

19  Sheafe  st. 

Holden, 

George  W.  Bascom, 

Pearl  Street  House. 

Hubbardston, 

William  Bennett,  Jr.. 

City  Hotel. 

Lancaster, 

Anthony  Lane, 

4  Montgomery  pi. 

Leicester, 

Samuel  Watson, 

61  Federal  st. 

Leominster, 

George  S.  Burrage, 

24  Oak  st. 

Lunenburg, 

Willard  Porter, 

5  Bumstead  pi. 

Mendon, 

Francis  E.  Wheelock. 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Milford, 

Hiram  Hunt, 

At  home. 

Alfred  Bragg, 

Adams  House. 

Millburij, 

Orville  £.  Thompson, 

Quincy  House. 

New  Braintrte, 

Jonathan  G.  Frost, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Nurthborough, 

Samuel  Clark, 

Quincy  House. 

Northbridge, 

Erastus  0.  Benson, 

AVash.  Coffee  House. 

N.  BrookfieJd, 

Charles  Adams.  Jr., 

Adorns  House. 

Residence  of  Members. 


61 


Oakham, 

Oxford, 

Pax  ton, 

Petersham, 

Phillipston, 

Princeton, 

Royalston, 

Rutland, 

Shrewsbury, 

Southborough, 

Spencer, 

Sterling, 

Sturbridge, 

Sutton, 

Templeton, 

Uxbridge, 

Webster, 

Westborough, 

West  Boylston, 

W.  Brookfield, 

Westminster, 

Winchendon, 

Worcester, 


James  B.  Ware, 
Albert  A.  Cook, 
Samuel  D.  Harrington 
George  White, 
Charles  C.  Bassett, 
Ephraim  Beaman, 
Joseph  Raymond, 
George  A.  Gates, 
Lucius  S.  Allen. 
Lovett  Fay, 
William  Baldwin, 
Luther  W.  Rugg, 
Emerson  Johnson, 
Salem  Chamberlin, 
Dexter  Gilbert, 
Warren  Lackey, 
Nathan  Cody, 
Elmer  Brigham, 
E.  M.  Hosmer, 
William  Curtis, 
John  White, 
Alvah  Godding, 
John  Milton  Earle, 
Edward  Earle, 
Benjamin  Flagg, 
John  F.  Gleason, 
Charles  Washburn, 


City  Hotel. 
67  Myrtle  st. 
,61  Federal  st. 
Brighton,  at  C. 
Adams  H.    [White's. 
Adams  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
Adams  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
61  Federal  st. 
74  Temple  st. 
Quincy  House. 
Wash.  Coffee  House. 
Quincy  House. 
6  Cottage  pi. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
At  home. 
33  Leverett  st. 
Adams  House. 
Dr.  G.  C.  Shattuck's. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
At  home. 
At  home. 
42  Albany  st. 
At  home. 
Adams  House. 


COUNTY   OF  HAMPSHIRE. 


Amherst, 
Belchertown, 
Chesterfield, 
Cummington, 


William  C.  Fowler, 
Leonard  Barrett, 
Hudson  Bates, 
Charles  Shaw. 


Winthrop  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Buffalo  Hotel. 
Slade's  Hotel. 


62 


Residence  of  Members. 


Easthampton, 

Enfield, 

Goshen, 

Granby, 

Greenwich, 

Hadley, 

Hatfield, 

Norwich, 

Pelham, 

Plainfield, 

Prescott, 

South  Hadley, 

Southampton, 

Ware, 

Westhampton, 

Williamsburg, 

Worthington, 


John  Wright,  2d, 
Henry  Fobes, 
William  Tilton, 
Lucius  Ferry, 
Luke  Earle, 
Dudley  Smith, 
Elijah  Bardwell,  Jr., 
William  Taylor, 
Nehemiah  W.  Aldrich, 
Freeman  Hamlin, 
Nelson  B.  Jones, 
Lorenzo  Gaylord, 
Chauncy  Clapp, 
Ira  P.  Gould, 
Daniel  W.  Clark, 
Hiram  Hill, 
Ethan  Barnes, 


Pearl  Street  House. 
Adams  House. 
St.  Charles  House. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Quincy  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Quincy  House. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
119  Hanover  st. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Adams  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Adams  House. 


COUNTY   OF   HAMPDEN. 


Blandford, 

Justin  Wilson, 

Adams  House. 

Chester, 

Aurelius  C.  Root, 

Pearl  Street  House. 

Chicopee, 

Giles  S.  Chapin, 

Pearl  Street  House. 

Alpheus  Nettleton, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

John  Wells, 

158  Tremont  st. 

Granville, 

Vincent  Holcombe, 

Adams  House. 

Holyoke. 

Alexander  Day, 

Adams  House. 

Longmeadow, 

Burgess  Salsbury, 

Hanover  House. 

Montgomery, 

William  Squier, 

5  Bumstead  pi. 

Palmer, 

Joseph  Brown,  2d, 

Winthrop  House. 

Russell, 

Roland  Parks, 

Adams  House. 

Southwick, 

John  Holcomb, 

5  Bumstead  pi. 

Springfield, 

Henry  Adams, 

United  States  Hotel 

John  Mills, 

Tremont  House. 

Residence  of  Members. 


63 


Springfield,         Edward  F.  Moseley, 
Thomas  W.  Wason, 
Tolland,  William  E.  Barnes, 

Wales,  Arbey  Squier, 

Westfield,  James  Noble, 

W.  Springfield,  Daniel  G.  White, 
Wilbraham,        Roderick  S.  Merrick, 


United  States  Hotel. 
United  States  Hotel. 
74  Temple  st. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Bromfield  House. 
74  Temple  st. 
United  States  Hotel. 


COUNTY   OF   FRANKLIN. 


Ashfield, 

Bernardston, 

Buckland, 

Charlemont, 

Coleraine, 

Conway, 

Deerfield, 

Erving, 

Gill, 

Greenfield, 

Harvley, 

Heath, 

Leverett, 

Leyden, 

Monroe, 

Montague, 

New  Salem, 

Orange, 

Rowe, 

Shelburne, 

Shutesbury, 

Sunderland, 

Warwick, 

Wendell, 


Hosea  Blake, 
John  E.  Burke, 
Bartlett  Ballard, 
Hart  Leavitt, 
Horatio  Flagg, 
James  S.  Whitney, 
Cephas  Clapp, 
Fordyce  Alexander, 
Eliphalet  S.  Darling, 
Lucius  Nims, 
George  Lathrop, 
Joseph  White,  2d, 
Silas  Ball, 
E.  Wing  Packer, 
Asahel  Gore, 
Erastus  Andrews, 
Alpheus  Harding,  Jr., 
Rodney  Hunt, 
Noah  Wells, 
Ebenezer  G.  Lamson, 
Hardin  Hemenway, 
Horace  Lyman, 
Ansel  Davis, 
-  Samuel  Brewer, 


Slade's  Hotel. 
City  Hotel. 
City  Hotel. 
74  Temple  st. 
40  Cambridge  st. 
Adams  House. 
City  Hotel. 
30  Portland  st. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
City  Hotel. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
Buffalo  Hotel. 
5  Bumstead  pi. 
City  Hotel. 
107  West  Cedar  st. 
2  Province  ct. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
City  Hotel. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
City  Hotel. 
City  Hotel 


64 


Residence  of  Members. 


COUNTY  OF   BERKSHIRE. 


Adams,  Stephen  L.  Arnold, 

John  H.  Orr, 
Alford,  William  Milligan, 

Becket,4  Nathan  Barnes, 

Cheshire,  Silas  Cole, 

Dalton,  Burr  Chamberlin, 

Egremont,  James  Baldwin, 

Florida,  Ephraim  Tower, 

Gt.  Barrington,  Noble  B.  Pickett, 


Hancock, 

Hinsdale, 

Lanesborough, 

Lee, 

Lenox, 

Monterey, 

New  Ashford, 


Gardner  Eldridge, 
Munroe  Emmons, 
Asahel  Buck, 
Harrison  Garfield, 
M.  S.  Wilson, 
John  Branning, 
Norman  G.  Baxter, 


N.  Marlborough,Bei\}a.mm  Smith, 

Otis, 

Peru, 

Pittsfield, 


Henry  K.  Spellman, 
Zenas  Watkins, 
Samuel  A.  Churchill, 
Ensign  H.  Kellogg, 
Richmond,  Samuel  Bartlett, 

Sandisfield,  Francis  Baxter, 

Savoy,  Robert  Sturtevant,  Jr. 

Sheffield,  Rodney  Sage, 

Stockbridge,        Epward  C.  Carter, 
Tyringham,         Ezra  Heath, 
Washington,        Samuel  Bell, 
W.  Stockbridge,  Andrew  Fuarey, 
Williamstown,     William  White, 
Windsor,  Reuben  Pierce, 


Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Quincy  House. 
St.  Charles  House. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Adams  House. 
Quincy  House. 
74  Temple  st. 
Quincy  House. 
St.  Charles  House. 
Adams  House. 
Adams  House. 
Adams  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
United  States  Hotel. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
74  Temple  st. 
Wash.  Cofiee  House. 
Buffalo  Hotel. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Tremont  House. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 
Quincy  House. 
,  Quincy  House. 
United  States  Hotel. 
United  States  Hotel. 
Hanover  House. 
St.  Charles  House. 
Quincy  House. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Buffalo  House. 


Residence  of  Members, 


65 


COUNTY   OF   NORFOLK. 


Bellingham, 

Martin  Rockwood, 

Marlboro'  Hotel. 

Braintree, 

Caleb  Stetson, 

At  home. 

Brookline, 

William  Aspinwall, 

At  home. 

Canton, 

Charles  Endicolt, 

At  home. 

Cohasset, 

Thomas  Stoddard, 

7  May  st. 

Dedham, 

Ezra  Wilkinson, 

At  home. 

Dorchester, 

Edward  Sharp, 

At  home. 

Nathaniel  F.  Safford, 

At  home. 

Dover, 

Ralph  Sanger, 

Adams  House. 

Foxborough, 

Martin  Torrey, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Franklin, 

William  Metcalf, 

Slade's  Hotel. 

Medfield, 

Jonathan  P.  Bishop, 

9  Marion  st. 

Milton, 

Jason  Reed, 

At  home. 

Needham, 

Henry  Robinson, 

At  home. 

Quincy, 

Joseph  W.  Robertson, 

At  home. 

George  Marsh, 

At  home. 

Randolph, 

Ezra  S.  Conant, 

Norfolk  House. 

Roxbury, 

Stephen  M.  Allen, 

At  home. 

Joseph  N.  Brewer, 

At  home. 

Theodore  Dunn, 

At  home. 

James  M.  Keith, 

At  home. 

John  L.  Plummer, 

At  home. 

John  S.  Sleeper, 

At  home. 

Stoughton, 

Albert  Johnson, 

At  home. 

Walpole, 

Palmer  Morey, 

At  home. 

Weymouth, 

Elias  Hunt, 

At  home. 

Benjamin  F.  White, 

At  home. 

9h 

66 


Residence  of  Member*. 


COUNTY   OF   BRISTOL 


Attleborough, 

Lyman  W.  Daggett, 

8  Lagrange  pf. 

Berkley, 

Abiel  B.  Crane, 

Pearl  Street  House 

Dartmouth, 

Francis  D.  Bartlett, 

Dighton, 

Jonathan  Jones, 

Cr.  of  High  &  Gnd- 

Fairhaven, 

Isaac  Wood,  Jr., 

74  Temple  st.  [ley  sts. 

Fall  River, 

Nathaniel  B.  Borden, 

Adams  House. 

Richard  Borden, 

Adams  House. 

Richard  C.  French, 

St.  Charles  House. 

James  B.  Luther, 

Adams  House. 

Freetown, 

William  Hall, 

At  home. 

Mansfield, 

William  B.  Bates, 

Marlboro' Hotel. 

New  Bedford, 

Thomas  Kempton, 

Adams  House. 

Obed  Nye, 

31  Pemberton  sq. 

Richard  A.  Palmer, 

Revere  House. 

Norton, 

Austin  Messinger, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Raynham, 

Cassander  Gilmore, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Rehoboth, 

Sylvester  Hunt, 

Adams  House. 

Seekonk, 

John  Gregory, 

Adams  House. 

Somerset, 

Benjamin  Cartwright, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Swanzey, 

William  T.  Chase, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

Taunton, 

John  Andrews, 

Pearl  Street  House. 

Lewis  R.  Chesbrough 

,  16  Hayward  pi. 

James  M.  Williams, 

Adams  House. 

West  port, 

Frederick  Brownell, 

Wash.  Coffee  House 

COUNTY   OF   PLYMOUTH. 


Abington, 

Bridgewater, 
Carver, 


Isaac  Hersey, 
James  W.  Ward, 
Asahel  Hathaway, 
Matthias  Ellis. 


City  Hotel. 
Marlboro' Hotel. 
At  home. 
Winthrop  House. 


Residence  of  Members. 


67 


Duxburij,  Joshua  W.  Hathaway, 

E.  Bridgewater,  Levi  Churchill, 
Halifax,  Edwin  Inglee, 

Hanover,  John  S.  Barry, 

Hanson,  Elijah  Damon, 

Hingham,  Charles  W.  Cushing, 

Hull,  Martin  Knight, 

Kingston,  Nathaniel  Faunee, 

Marshfield,  Luther  Hatch, 

Middhborough,  Everett  Robinson, 

Joshua  Wood, 
JV.  Bridgewater,  Jesse  Perkins, 
Pembroke, 
Plymouth, 
Plympton, 
Rochester, 
Scituate, 
South  Scituate, 
Wareham, 


Joseph  Cobb, 
William  H.  Bradford, 
Joseph  B.  Nye, 
John  H.  Clark, 
Elijah  Jenkins,  Jr., 
James  Southworth, 
Lewis  Kinney, 


W.  Bridgewaterjoseph  Kingman, 


Franklin  House. 

At  home. 

Franklin  House. 

At  home. 

Hope  House. 

At  home. 

6  Fleet  st. 

At  home. 

Franklin  House. 

At  home. 

Wash.  Cofi'ee  House- 

At  home. 

Hope  House. 

Franklin  House. 
Pearl  Street  House. 
Adams  House. 
55  High  st. 
Adams  House. 
At  home. 


COUNTY   OF   BARNSTABLE. 


Brewster. 

Chatham, 

Dennis, 

Eastham, 

Falmouth, 

Harwich, 

Orleans, 

Provincetown, 
Wtllfleet, 
Yarmouth,, 


Josiah  Seabury, 
Josiah  Kendrick, 
Thomas  Hall, 
Scutter  Cobb, 
David  Lawrence, 
Nathaniel  Doane,  Jr., 
Leander  Crosby, 
Joseph  P.  Johnson, 
Ebebezer  Freeman, 


42  Cambridge  st. 
14  Lexington  st. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
392  Washington  si. 
42  Cambridge  st. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
Slade's  Hotel. 
42  Cambridge  st 


Nathaniel  S.  Simpkins,46  Harrison  av. 


68 


Residence  of  Members. 


Chibnark, 

Edgartown, 

Tisbury, 


DUKES   COUNTY. 


Herman  Vincent, 
Sirson  P.  Coffin, 
William  S.  Vincent, 


31  Brattle  st. 
Bromfield  House . 
8  Barton  st. 


Nantucket, 


COUNTY   OF    NANTUCKET. 


James  H.  Briggs, 
Reuben  Maeder, 
Obed  Swain, 


Marlboro'  Hotel. 
23  Bedford  st. 
Marlboro'  Hotel. 


LEWIS   JOSSELYN,  Clerk,  Lynn. 

Rev.  GEORGE  M.  RANDALL,  Chaplain,  195  Harrison 
avenue. 

BENJAMIN  STEVENS,  Serge ant-at- Arms  of  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  12  Hancock  street. 

ALEXIS   POOLE,  Doorkeeper,  7  Lucas  place. 

DAVID   MURPHY,  Messenger,  Hope  House. 

JOSEPH  P.  DEXTER,  Assistant  Messenger,  115  Pinck- 
ney  street. 

TIMOTHY   HAYES,  Postmaster,  74  Temple  street. 

S.  H.  BUCKINGHAM,  Page,  Cambridge. 

3.  N.  TOLMAN,  Jr.,  Assistant  Page,  2  Bay  street. 


POST    OFFICE BOSTON. 


MAIL  ARRANGEMENT. 

Southern  Mail  closes  at  (Sundays  excepted)        -    4  o'clock,  P.  M. 

Prepaid  letters  are  received  until  ....       4^;  p.  M. 

Letters  are  received  at  the  Providence  Railroad  Depot,  by 

the  Express  Mail  Messenger,  until    -         -         -         -         5,  P.  M. 

Eastern  (daily)  at       -  -        -  5,  A.  M.,  and  1£,  P.  M. 

Ncwburyport,  Portsmouth,  and  Portland,  (Sundays  except- 
ed,) at 5,  A.  M.,  and  1£,  P.  M. 

Providence,  at 5,  A.  M.,  and  2£,  P.  M. 

Albany  and  all  west  of  Worcester,  at      .    -        -        -         5,  A.  M. 

Worcester,  at      -        -        -        -  5,  A.  M.,  11,  A.  M.,  and  4,  P.  M. 

Springfield,  Hartford  and  Albany,  at  -         -    5,  A.  M.,  and  3  P.  M. 

Northern,  at 5,  A.  M. 

Lowell,  at 5,  A.  M.,  11,  A.  M.,  and  3£,  P.  M. 

Nashua,  Manchester  and  Concord,  N.  H.,  at 

5  and  11,  A.  M.,  and  3£,  P.  M. 

Haverhill,  Exeter  and  Dover,  at  -         -  5,  A.  M.,  and  lj|,  P.  M. 

Northampton,  at 3,  P.  M.,  and  5,  A.  M. 

New  Bedford  and  Taunton,  at  -        -        -  5,  A.  M.,  and  2£,  P.  M. 

Cape  Cod  and  Nantucket,  at 5,  A.  M. 

English,  by  steamships,  on  days  of  sailing,  at     -        -       10,  A.  M. 

Salem,  at 5  and  11,  A.  M.,  and  1£,  P.  M. 

WHEN    DUE. 

Southern  Mail,  -        -         -         -  -         -    average  8,  A.  M. 

Worcester,  Springfield  and  Hartford,  at      -     1,  P.  M.,  and  7,  P.  M. 

Eastern,  at 1£,  P.  M.,  and  8£,  P.  M. 

Providence,  at    -  -       10£,  A.  M.,  and  6J,  P.  M. 

Albany,  at 6,  P.  M. 

Northern,  at  -        -        -    2,  P.  M.,  and  7,  P.  M. 

Lowell,  at 9£,  A.  M.,  2,  P.  M.,  and  7,  P.  M. 

Newburyport,  Portsmouth  and  Portland,  first  mail,  at  -       1£,  P.  M. 
Haverhill  and  Exeter,  at     -  1£,  P.  M.,  and  8£,  P.  M. 

Northampton,  and  all  towns  on  the  route  this  side,  at  -         6,  P.  M. 
New  Bedford  and  Taunton,  at    -        -       10£,  A.  M  ,  and  6£,  P.  M. 

Cape  Cod,  at-    -    " 6,  P.  M. 

Nantucket,  at 6,  P.M. 


CONSTITUTION 


OF  THE 


UNITED    STATES 


WE,  the  people  of  the  United  States,  in  order  to 
form  a  more  perfect  union,  establish  justice,  insure 
domestic  tranquillity,  provide  for  the  common  de- 
fence, promote  the  general  welfare,  and  secure  the 
blessings  of  liberty  to  ourselves  and  our  posterity 
do  ordain  and  establish  this  Constitution  for  the 
United  States  of  America. 

ARTICLE  I. 

Section  1.  All  legislative  powers  herein  granted 
shall  be  vested  in  a  congress  of  the  United  States, 
which  shall  consist  of  a  senate  and  house  of  rep- 
resentatives. 

Sect.  2.  The  house  of  representatives  shall  be 
composed  of  members  chosen  every  second  year, 
by  the  people  of  the  several  states  ;  and  the  electors 
in  each  state  shall  have  the  qualifications  requisite 
for  electors  of  the  most  numerous  branch  of  the 
state  legislature. 

No  person  shall  be  a  representative  who  shall  not 


Constitution  of  the   United  States.  71 

have  attained  to  the  age  of  twenty-five  years,  and 
been  seven  years  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and 
who  shall  not,  when  elected,  be  an  inhabitant  of  the 
state  in  which  he  shall  be  chosen. 

Representatives  and  direct  taxes  shall  be  appor- 
tioned, among  the  several  states  which  may  be  in- 
cluded within  this  Union,  according  to  their  respect- 
ive numbers,  which  shall  be  determined  by  adding 
to  the  whole  number  of  free  persons,  including  those 
bound  to  service  for  a  term  of  years,  and  excluding 
Indians  not  taxed,  three  fifths  of  all  other  persons. 
The  actual  enumeration  shall  be  made  within  three 
years  after  the  first  meeting  of  the  congress  of  the 
United  States,  and  within  every  subsequent  term 
of  ten  years,  in  such  manner  as  they  shall  by  law 
direct.  The  number  of  representatives  shall  not 
exceed  one  for  every  thirty  thousand  ;  but  each  state 
shall  have  at  least  one  representative  ;  and  until  such 
enumeration  shall  be  made,  the  state  of  New  Hamp- 
shire shall  be  entitled  to  choose  three,  Massachu- 
setts eight,  Rhode  Island  and  Providence  Planta- 
tions one,  Connecticut  five,  New  York  six,  New 
Jersey  four,  Pennsylvania  eight,  Delaware  one, 
Maryland  six,  Virginia  ten,  North  Carolina  five, 
South  Carolina  five,  and  Georgia  three. 

When  vacancies  happen  in  the  representation 
from  any  state,  the  executive  authority  thereof  shall 
issue  writs  of  election  to  fill  such  vacancies. 

The  house  of  representatives  shall  choose  their 
speaker  and  other  officers  ;  and  shall  have  the  sole 
power  of  impeachment. 

Sect.  3.  The  senate  of  the  United  States  shall 
be  composed  of  two  senators  from  each  state,  cho- 
sen by  the  legislature  thereof,  for  six  years ;  and 
each  senator  shall  have  one  vote. 

Immediately  after  they  shall  be     sembled  in  con- 


72  Constitution  of  the   United  States. 

sequence  of  the  first  election,  they  shall  be  divided, 
as  equally  as  may  be,  into  three  classes.  The  seats 
of  the  senators  of  the  first  class  shall  be  vacated  at 
the  expiration  of  the  second  year ;  of  the  second 
class,  at  the  expiration  of  the  fourth  year  ;  and  of 
the  third  class,  at  the  expiration  of  the  sixth  year  ; 
so  that  one  third  may  be  chosen  every  second  year ; 
and  if  vacancies  happen,  by  resignation  or  other- 
wise, during  the  recess  of  the  legislature  of  any 
state,  the  executive  thereof  may  make  temporary 
appointments,  until  the  next  meeting  of  the  legisla- 
ture, which  shall  then  fill  such  vacancies. 

No  person  shall  be  a  senator,  who  shall  not  have 
attained  to  the  age  of  thirty  years,  and  been  nine 
years  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  who  shall 
not,  when  elected,  be  an  inhabitant  of  that  state  for 
which  he  shall  be  chosen. 

The  vice-president  of  the  United  States  shall  be 
president  of  the  senate,  but  shall  have  no  vote,  un- 
less they  shall  be  equally  divided. 

The  senate  shall  choose  their  other  officers,  and 
also  a  president  pro  tempore,  in  the  absence  of  the 
vice  president,  or  when  he  shall  exercise  the  office 
of  president  of  the  United  States. 

The  senate  shall  have  the  sole  power  to  try  all 
impeachments ;  when  sitting  for  that  purpose,  they 
shall  be  on  oath  or  affirmation.  When  the  president 
of  the  United  States  is  tried,  the  chief  justice  shall 
preside ;  and  no  person  shall  be  convicted  without 
the  concurrence  of  two  thirds  of  the  members  present. 

Judgment,  in  cases  of  impeachment,  shall  not  ex- 
tend further  than  to  removal  from  office  and  dis- 
qualification to  hold  and  enjoy  any  office  of  honor, 
trust,  or  profit,  under  the  United  States ;  but  the 
party  convicted  shall  nevertheless  be  liable  and  sub- 
ject to  indictment,  trial,  judgment,  and  punishment, 
according  to  law. 


Constitution  of  the   United  States,  73 

Sect.  4.  The  times,  places  and  manner  of  hold- 
ing elections  for  senators  and  representatives,  shall 
be  prescribed  in  each  state  by  the  legislature  there- 
of;  but  the  congress  may,  at  any  time,  by  law,  make 
or  alter  such  regulations,  except  as  to  the  places  of 
choosing  senators. 

The  congress  shall  assemble  at  least  once  in 
every  year,  and  such  meeting  shall  be  on  the  first 
Monday  in  December,  unless  they  shall  by  law  ap- 
point a  different  day. 

Sect.  5.  Each  house  shall  be  the  judge  of  the 
elections,  returns  and  qualifications  of  its  own 
members,  and  a  majority  of  each  shall  constitute  a 
quorum  to  do  business;  but  a  smaller  number  may 
adjourn  from  day  to  day,  and  may  be  authorized  to 
compel  the  attendance  of  absent  members,  in  such 
manner,  and  under  such  penalties,  as  each  house 
may  provide. 

Each  house  may  determine  the  rules  of  its  pro- 
ceedings, and  punish  its  members  for  disorderly  be- 
havior, and,  with  the  concurrence  of  two  thirds,  ex- 
pel a  member. 

Each  house  shall  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceed- 
ings, and  from  time  to  time  publish  the  same,  ex- 
cepting such  parts  as  may  in  their  judgment  require 
secrecy ;  and  the  yeas  and  nays  of  the  members  of 
either  house,  on  any  question,  shall,  at  the  desire  of 
one  fifth  of  those  present,  be  entered  on  the  jour- 
nal. 

Neither  house,  during  the  session  of  congress, 
shall,  without  the  consent  of  the  other,  adjourn  for 
more  than  three  days,  nor  to  any  other  place  than 
that  in  which  the  two  houses  shall  be  sitting. 

Sect.  6.     The  senators  and  representatives  shall 
lOh 


74  Constitution  of  the   United  States, 

receive  a  compensation  for  their  services,  to  be  as- 
certained by  law,  and  paid  out  of  the  treasury  of  the 
United  States.  They  shall,  in  all  cases,  except  trea- 
son, felony  and  breach  of  the  peace,  be  privileged 
from  arrest  during  their  attendance  at  the  session  of 
their  respective  houses,  and  in  going  to,  and  return- 
ing from  the  same  ;  and  for  any  speech  or  debate 
in  either  house,  they  shall  not  be  questioned  in  any 
other  place. 

No  senator  or  representative  shall,  during  the 
time  for  which  he  was  elected,  be  appointed  to  any 
civil  office  under  the  authority  of  the  United  States, 
which  shall  have  been  created,  or  the  emoluments 
whereof  shall  have  been  increased  during  such  time; 
and  no  person  holding  any  office  under  the  United 
States,  shall  be  a  member  of  either  house  during  his 
continuance  in  office. 

Sect.  7.  All  bills  for  raising  revenue  shall 
originate  in  the  house  of  representatives ;  but  the 
senate  may  propose  or  concur  with  amendments,  as 
on  other  bills. 

Every  bill  which  shall  have  passed  the  house  of 
representatives  and  the  senate,  shall,  before  it  be- 
come a  law,  be  presented  to  the  president  of  the 
United  States;  if  he  approve,  he  shall  sign  it;  but  if 
not,  he  shall  return  it,  with  his  objections,  to  that 
house  in  which  it  shall  have  originated,  who  shall 
enter  the  objections  at  large  on  their  journal,  and 
proceed  to  reconsider  it.  If,  after  such  reconsidera- 
tion, two  thirds  of  that  house  shall  agree  to  pass  the 
bill,  it  shall  be  sent,  together  with  the  objections,  to 
the  other  house,  by  which  it  shall  likewise  be  recon- 
sidered, and,  if  approved  by  two  thirds  of  that  house, 
it  shall  become  a  law.  But  in  all  such  cases,  the 
votes  of  both  houses  shall  be  determined  by  yeas 
and  nays ;  and  the  names  of  the  persons,  voting  for 


Constitution  of  the  United  States.  75 

and  against  the  bill  shall  be  entered  on  the  journal 
of  each  house  respectively.  If  any  bill  shall  not  be 
returned  by  the  president  within  ten  days  (Sundays 
excepted)  after  it  shall  have  been  presented  to  him, 
the  same  shall  be  a  law,  in  like  manner  as  if  he  had 
signed  it,  unless  the  congress,  by  their  adjournment, 
prevent  its  return,  in  which  case  it  shall  not  be  a 
law. 

Every  order,  resolution  or  vote,  to  which  the  con- 
currence of  the  senate  and  house  of  representatives 
may  be  necessary,  (except  on  a  question  of  adjourn- 
ment) shall  be  presented  to  the  president  of  the 
United  States  ;  and,  before  the  same  shall  take  effect, 
shall  be  approved  by  him,  or,  being  disapproved  by 
him,  shall  be  repassed  by  two  thirds  of  the  senate 
and  house  of  representatives,  according  to  the  rules 
and  limitations  prescribed  in  the  case  of  a  bill. 

Sect.  8.  The  congress  shall  have  power  : — To 
lay  and  collect  taxes,  duties,  imposts  and  excises,  to 
pay  the  debts,  and  provide  for  the  common  defence 
and  general  welfare  of  the  United  States  ;  but  all  du- 
ties, imposts  and  excises  shall  be  uniform  through- 
out the  United  States  : — To  borrow  money  on  the 
credit  of  the  United  States  : — To  regulate  commerce 
with  foreign  nations,  and  among  the  several  states, 
and  with  the  Indian  tribes  : — To  establish  an  uni- 
form rule  of  naturalization,  and  uniform  laws  on  the 
subject  of  bankruptcies  throughout  the  United  States : 
To  coin  money,  regulate  the  value  thereof,  and  of 
foreign  coin,  and  to  fix  the  standard  of  weights  and 
measures  : — To  provide  for  the  punishment  of  coun- 
terfeiting the  securities  and  current  coin  of  the 
United  States : — To  establish  post  offices  and  post 
roads  : — To  promote  the  progress  of  science  and 
useful  arts^  by  securing  for  limited  times  to  authors 
and  inventors  the  exclusive  right  to  their  respective 


76  Constitution  of the  IJnited  States. 

writings  and   discoveries  : — To  constitute  tribunals 



inferior  to  the  supreme  court  : — To  define  and  pun- 
ish piracies  and  felonies  committed  on  the  high  seas, 
and  offences  against  the  law  of  nations  : — To  de- 
clare  war,  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal,  and 
make  rules  concerning  captures  on  land  and  water  : — 
To  raise  and  support  armies;  but  no  appropriation 
of  money  to  that  use  shall  be  for  a  longer  term  than 
two  years  : — To  provide  and  maintain  a  navy  : — To 
make  rules  for  the  government  and  regulation  of  the 
land  and  naval  force  : — To  provide  for  calling  forth 
the  militia  to  execute  the  laws  of  the  union,  suppress 
insurrections,  and  repel  invasions  : — To  provide  for 
organizing,  arming  and  disciplining  the  militia,  and 
for  governing  such  part  of  them  as  may  be  employed 
in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  reserving  to  the 
states,  respectively,  the  appointment  of  the  officers, 
and  the  authority  of  training  the  militia,  according 
to  the  discipline  prescribed  by  congress  : — To  ex- 
ercise  exclusive  legislation  in  all  cases  whatsoever 
over  such  district,  (not  exceeding  ten  miles  square,) 
as  may,  by  cession  of  particular  states,  and  the  ac- 
ceptance of  congress,  become  the  seat  of  the  gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States  ;  and  to  exercise  like 
authority  over  all  places  purchased  by  consent  of 
the  legislature  of  the  state  in  which  the  same  shall 
be,  for  the  erection  of  forts,  magazines,  arsenals, 
dock  yards  and  other  needful  buildings  :  and  to 
make  all  laws  which  shall  be  necessary  and  proper 
for  carrying  into  execution  the  foregoing  powers, 
and  all  other  powers  vested  by  this  constitution  in 
the  government  of  the  United  States,  or  in  any  de- 
partment or  officer  thereof. 

Sect.  9.  The  migration  or  importation  of  such 
persons,  as  any  of  the  states  now  existing  shall  think 
proper  to  admit,  shall  not  be  prohibited  by  the  con- 


Constitution  of  the   United  States.  77 

orress  prior  to  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred 
and  eight;  but  a  tax  or  duty  may  be  imposed  on 
such  importation,  not  exceeding  ten  dollars  for 
each  person. 

The  privileges  of  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  shall 
not  be  suspended,  unless  when,  in  cases  of  rebellion 
or  invasion,  the  public  safety  may  require  it. 

No  bill  of  attainder,  or  ex  post  facto  law,  shall  be 
passed. 

No  capitation,  or  other  direct  tax,  shall  be  laid, 
unless  in  proportion  to  the  census  or  enumeration, 
herein  before  directed  to  be  taken. 

No  tax  or  duty  shall  be  laid  on  articles  exported 
from  any  state. 

No  preference  shall  be  given,  by  any  regulation 
of  commerce  or  revenue,  to  the  ports  of  one  state 
over  those  of  another ;  nor  shall  vessels  bound  to  or 
from  one  state,  be  obliged  to  enter,  clear,  or  pay 
duties  in  another. 

No  money  shall  be  drawn  from  the  treasury  but 
in  consequence  of  appropriations  made  by  law  ;  and 
a  regular  statement  and  account  of  the  receipts  and 
expenditures  of  all  public  money  shall  be  published 
from  time  to  time. 

No  title  of  nobility  shall  be  granted  by  the  Unit- 
ed States ;  and  no  person  holding  any  office  of 
profit  or  trust  under  them,  shall,  without  the  con- 
sent of  the  congress,  accept  of  any  present,  emolu- 
ment, office,  or  title,  of  any  kind  whatever,  from 
any  king,  prince,  or  foreign  state. 

Sect.  10.  No  state  shall  enter  into  any  treaty, 
alliance,  or  confederation;  grant  letters  of  marque 
and  reprisal;  coin  money;  emit  bills  of  credit; 
make  any  thing  but  gold  and  silver  coin  a  tender  in 
payment  of  debts  ;  pass  any  bill  of  attainder,  ex  post 
facto  law,  or  law  impairing  the  obligations  of  con- 


78  Constitution  of  the   United  States, 

tracts;  or  grant  any  title  of  nobility.  No  state  shall, 
without  the  consent  of  the  congress,  lay  any  im- 
posts, or  duties  on  imports  or  exports,  except  what 
may  be  absolutely  necessary  for  executing  its  in- 
spection laws ;  and  the  net  produce  of  all  duties  and 
imposts,  laid  by  any  state  on  imports,  or  exports, 
shall  be  for  the  use  of  the  treasury  of  the  United 
States;  and  all  such  laws  shall  be  subject  to  the 
revision  and  control  of  the  congress.  No  state 
shall,  without  the  consent  of  congress,  lay  any  duty 
of  tonnage,  keep  troops,  or  ships  of  war,  in  time  of 
peace,  enter  into  any  agreement  or  compact  with 
another  state,  or  with  a  foreign  power,  or  engage  in 
war,  unless  actually  invaded,  or  in  such  imminent 
danger  as  will  not  admit  of  delay. 

ARTICLE  II. 

Sect.  1.  The  executive  power  shall  be  vested 
in  a  President  of  the  United  States  of  America.  He 
shall  hold  his  office  during  the  term  of  four  years  ; 
and,  together  with  the  vice  president,  chosen  for  the 
same  term,  be  elected  as  follows  : 

Each  state  shall  appoint,  in  such  manner  as  the 
legislature  thereof  may  direct,  a  number  of  electors, 
equal  to  the  whole  number  of  senators  and  repre- 
sentatives to  which  the  state  may  be  entitled  in  the 
congress :  But  no  senator  or  representative,  or  per- 
son holding  an  office  of  trust  or  profit  under  the 
United  States,  shall  be  appointed  an  elector. 

[The  electors  shall  meet  in  their  respective  states, 
and  vote  by  ballot  for  two  persons,  of  whom  one  at 
least,  shall  not  be  an  inhabitant  of  the  same  state 
with  themselves  :  and  they  shall  make  a  list  of  all 
the  persons  voted  for,  and  of  the  number  of  votes 
for  each  ;  which  list  they  shall  sign  and  certify,  and 
transmit  sealed  to  the  seat  of  the  government  of  the 


Constitution  of  the  United  States,  79 

United  Slates,  directed  to  the  president  of  the  senate. 
The  president  of  the  senate  shall,  in  the  presence 
of  the  senate  and  house  of  representatives,  open  all 
the  certificates,  and  the  votes  shall  then  be  counted. 
The  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes 
shall  be  the  president,  if  such  number  be  a  majority 
of  the  whole  number  of  electors  appointed:  And  if 
there  be  more  than  one  who  have  such  majority, 
and  have  an  equal  number  of  votes,  then  the  house 
of  representatives  shall  immediately  choose  by  ballot 
one  of  them  for  president ;  and  if  no  person  have  a 
majority,  then  from  the  five  highest  on  the  list,  the 
said  house  shall,  in  like  manner,  choose  the  president: 
but,  in  choosing  the  president,  the  votes  shall  be 
taken  by  states,  the  representation  from  each  state 
having  one  vote ;  a  quorum  for  this  purpose  shall 
consist  of  a  member  or  members  from  two-thirds  of 
the  states,  and  a  majority  of  all  the  states  shall  be 
necessary  to  a  choice.  In  every  case,  after  the 
choice  of  the  president,  the  person  having  the  great- 
est number  of  votes  of  the  electors  shall  be  the  vice 
president.  But  if  there  should  remain  two  or  more 
who  have  equal  votes,  the  senate  shall  choose  from 
them,  by  ballot,  the  vice  president.] 

The  congress  may  determine  the  time  of  choos- 
ing the  electors,  and  the  day  on  which  they  shall 
give  their  votes :  which  day  shall  be  the  same 
throughout  the  United  States. 

No  person,  except  a  natural  born  citizen,  or  a 
citizen  of  the  United  States  at  the  time  of  the  adop- 
tion of  this  constitution,  shall  be  eligible  to  the 
office  of  president;  neither  shall  any  person  be  eli- 
gible to  that  office,  who  shall  not  have  attained  to 
the  age  of  thirty-five  years,  and  been  fourteen  years 
a  resident  within  the  United  States. 

In  case  of  the  removal  of  the  president  from  of- 
fice, or  of  his  death,  resignation,  or  inability  to  dis- 


80  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 

charge  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  said  office,  the 
same  shall  devolve  on  the  vice  president ;  and  the 
congress  may  by  law  provide  for  the  case  of  removal, 
death,  resignation  or  inability,  both  of  the  president 
and  vice  president,  declaring  what  officer  shall  then 
act  as  president ;  and  such  officer  shall  act  accord- 
ingly, until  the  disability  be  removed,  or  a  president 
shall  be  elected. 

The  president  shall,  at  stated  times,  receive  for 
his  services  a  compensation,  which  shall  neither 
be  increased  nor  diminished  during  the  period  for 
which  he  shall  have  been  elected  ;  and  he  shall  not 
receive,  within  that  period,  any  other  emolument 
from  the  United  States,  or  any  of  them. 

Before  he  enter  on  the  execution  of  his  office,  he 
shall  take  the  following  oath  or  affirmation  : 

"  I  do  solemnly  swear  (or  affirm,)  that  I  will 
faithfully  execute  the  office  of  president  of  the 
United  States,  and  will,  to  the  best  of  my  ability, 
preserve,  protect,  and  defend  the  constitution  of  the 
United  States." 

Sect.  2.  The  president  shall  be  commander  in 
chief  of  the  army  and  navy  of  the  United  States, 
and  of  the  militia  of  the  several  states,  when  called 
into  the  actual  service  of  the  United  States.  He 
may  require  the  opinion,  in  writing,  of  the  princi- 
pal officer  in  each  of  the  executive  departments, 
upon  any  subject  relating  to  the  duties  of  their  re- 
spective offices,  and  he  shall  have  power  to  grant 
reprieves  and  pardons  for  offences  against  the  United 
States,  except  in  cases  of  impeachment. 

He  shall  have  power,  by  and  with  the  advice  and 
consent  of  the  senate,  to  make  treaties,  provided  two 
thirds  of  the  senators  present  concur;  and  he  shall 
nominate,  and,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent 
of  the  senate,  shall  appoint  ambassadors,  other  pub- 


Constitution  of  the  United  States.  81 

lie  ministers  and  consuls,  judges  of  the  supreme 
court,  and  all  other  officers  of  the  United  States, 
whose  appointments  are  not  herein  otherwise  pro- 
vided for,  and  which  shall  be  established  by  law  : 
but  the  congress  may  by  law  vest  the  appointment 
of  such  inferior  officers  as  they  think  proper,  in  the 
president  alone,  in  the  courts  of  law,  or  in  the  heads 
of  departments. 

The  president  shall  have  power  to  fill  up  all  va- 
cancies that  may  happen  during  the  recess  of  the 
senate,  by  granting  commissions  which  shall  expire 
at  the  end  of  their  next  session. 

Sect.  3.  He  shall,  from  time  to  time,  give  to 
the  congress  information  of  the  state  of  the  Union, 
and  recommend  to  their  consideration  such  meas- 
ures as  he  shall  judge  necessary  and  expedient ;  he 
may,  on  extraordinary  occasions,  convene  both 
houses,  or  either  of  them,  and  in  case  of  disagree- 
ment between  them,  with  respect  to  the  time  of  ad- 
journment, he  may  adjourn  them  to  such  time  as  he 
shall  think  proper ;  he  shall  receive  ambassadors 
and  other  public  ministers ;  he  shall  take  care  that 
the  laws  be  faithfully  executed,  and  shall  commission 
all  the  officers  of  the  United  States. 

Sect.  4.  The  president,  vice  president,  and  all 
civil  officers  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  removed 
from  office  on  impeachment  for,  and  conviction  of, 
treason,  bribery,  or  other  high  crimes  and  misde- 
meanors. 

ARTICLE  III. 

Sect.    L      The  judicial    power   of  the   United 
States  shall  be  vested  in  one  supreme  court,  and  in 
tin 


82  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 

such  inferior  courts  as  the  congress  may,  from  time 
to  time,  order  and  establish.  The  judges,  both  of 
the  supreme  and  inferior  courts,  shall  hold  their 
offices  during  good  behavior,  and  shall,  at  stated 
times,  receive  for  their  services  a  compensation, 
which  shall  not  be  diminished  during  their  contin- 
uance  in  office. 

Sect.  2.  The  judicial  power  shall  extend  to  all 
cases,  in  law  and  equity,  arising  under  this  consti- 
tution, the  laws  of  the  United  States,  and  treaties 
made,  or  which  shall  be  made,  under  their  author- 
ity ;  to  all  cases  affecting  ambassadors,  other  public 
ministers  and  consuls;  to  all  cases  of  admiralty  and 
maritime  jurisdiction ;  to  controversies  to  which  the 
United  States  shall  be  a  party  ;  to  controversies  be- 
tween two  or  more  states,  [between  a  state  and  citi- 
zens of  another  state,]  between  citizens  of  differ- 
ent states,  between  citizens  of  the  same  state  claim- 
ing lands  under  grants  of  different  states,  and  be- 
tween a  state,  or  the  citizens  thereof,  and  foreign 
states,  citizens,  or  subjects. 

In  all  cases  affecting  ambassadors,  other  public 
ministers  and  consuls,  and  those  in  which  a  state 
shall  be  a  party,  the  supreme  court  shall  have  origi- 
nal jurisdiction.  In  all  the  other  cases  before  men- 
tioned, the  supreme  court  shall  have  appellate  juris- 
diction, both  as  to  law  and  fact,  with  such  excep- 
tions, and  under  such  regulations,  as  the  congress 
shall  make. 

The  trial  of  all  crimes,  except  in  cases  of  im- 
peachment, shall  be  by  jury ;  and  such  trial  shall  be 
held  in  the  state  where  the  said  crimes  shall  have 
been  committed  ;  but  when  not  committed  within 
any  state,  the  trial  shall  be  at  such  place  or  places 
as  the  congress  may  by  law  have  directed. 


Constitution  of  the  United  States.  83 

Sect.  3.  Treason  against  the  United  States  shall 
consist  only  in  levying  war  against  them,  or  in 
adhering  to  their  enemies,  giving  them  aid  and  com- 
fort. No  person  shall  be  convicted  of  treason,  un- 
less on  the  testimony  of  two  witnesses  to  the  same 
overt  act,  or  on  confession  in  open  court. 

The  congress  shall  have  power  to  declare  the 
punishment  of  treason;  but  no  attainder  of  treason 
shall  work  corruption  of  blood,  or  forfeiture,  except 
during  the  life  of  the  person  attainted. 

ARTICLE    IV. 

Sect.  1.  Full  faith  and  credit  shall  be  given  in 
each  state  to  the  public  acts,  records,  and  judicial 
proceedings  of  every  other  state  :  and  the  congress 
may,  by  general  laws,  prescribe  the  manner  in 
which  such  acts,  records  and  proceedings,  shall  be 
proved,  and  the  effect  thereof. 

Sect.  2.  The  citizens  of  each  state  shall  be  en- 
titled to  all  privileges  and  immunities  of  citizens  in 
the  several  states. 

A  person  charged  in  any  state  with  treason,  fel- 
ony, or  other  crime,  who  shall  flee  from  justice,  and 
be  found  in  another  state,  shall,  on  demand  of  the 
executive  authority  of  the  state  from  which  he  fled, 
be  delivered  up,  to  be  removed  to  the  state  having 
jurisdiction  of  the  crime. 

No  person  held  to  service  or  labor  in  one  state, 
under  the  laws  thereof,  escaping  into  another,  shall, 
in  consequence  of  any  law  or  regulation  therein,  be 
discharged  from  such  service  or  labor  ;  but  shall  be 
delivered  up,  on  claim  of  the  party  to  whom  such 
service  or  labor  may  be  due. 


84  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 

Sect.  3.  New  states  may  be  admitted  by  the 
congress  into  this  Union  ;  but  no  new  state  shall  be 
formed  or  erected  within  the  jurisdiction  of  any 
other  state,  nor  any  state  be  formed  by  the  junction 
of  two  or  more  states  or  parts  of  states,  without  the 
consent  of  the  legislatures  of  the  states  concerned, 
as  well  as  of  the  congress. 

The  congress  shall  have  power  to  dispose  of,  and 
make  all  needful  rules  and  regulations  respecting, 
the  territory  or  other  property  belonging  to  the 
United  States  ;  and  nothing  in  this  constitution  shall 
be  so  construed  as  to  prejudice  any  claims  of  the 
United  States,  or  of  any  particular  state. 

Sect.  4  The  United  States  shall  guarantee  to 
every  state  in  this  Union  a  republican  form  of  gov- 
ernment :  and  shall  protect  each  of  them  against 
invasion  :  and,  on  application  of  the  legislature,  or 
of  the  executive,  (when  the  legislature  cannot  be 
convened,)  against  domestic  violence. 

ARTICLE  V. 

The  congress,  whenever  two  thirds  of  both  houses 
shall  deem  it  necessary,  shall  propose  amendments 
to  this  constitution  :  or,  on  the  application  of  the 
legislatures  of  two  thirds  of  the  several  states,  shall 
call  a  convention  for  proposing  amendments,  which, 
in  either  case,  shall  be  valid  to  all  intents  and  pur- 
poses, as  part  of  this  constitution,  when  ratified  by 
the  legislatures  of  three  fourths  of  the  several  states, 
or  by  conventions  in  three  fourths  thereof,  as  the 
one  or  the  other  mode  of  ratification  may  be  pro- 
posed by  the  congress  ;  provided,  that  no  amend- 
ments which  may  be  made  prior  to  the  year  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  eight,  shall,  in  any  man- 
ner, affect  the   first  and  fourth  clauses   in   the  ninth 


Constitution  of  the  United  States.  85 

section  of  the  first  article  ;  and  that  no  state,  with- 
out its  consent,  shall  be  deprived  of  its  equal  suf- 
frage in  the  senate. 

ARTICLE  VI. 

All  debts  contracted,  and  engagements  entered 
into,  before  the  adoption  of  this  constitution,  shall 
be  as  valid  against  the  United  States,  under  this 
constitution,  as  under  the  confederation. 

This  constitution,  and  the  laws  of  the  United 
States  which  shall  be  made  in  pursuance  thereof, 
and  all  treaties  made,  or  which  shall  be  made,  under 
the  authority  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  the  su- 
preme law  of  the  land ;  and  the  judges  in  every 
state  shall  be  bound  thereby,  any  thing  in  the  con- 
stitution or  laws  of  any  state  to  the  contrary  not- 
withstanding. 

The  senators  and  representatives  before  mention- 
ed, and  the  members  of  the  several  state  legisla- 
tures, and  all  executive  and  judicial  officers,  both 
of  the  United  States  and  of  the  several  states,  shall 
be  bound,  by  oath  or  affirmation,  to  support  this 
constitution  ;  but  no  religious  test  shall  ever  be  re- 
quired as  a  qualification  to  any  office  or  public  trust 
under  the  United  States. 

ARTICLE  VII. 

The  ratification  of  the  conventions  of  nine  states 
shall  be  sufficient  for  the  establishment  of  this  con- 
stitution, between  the  states  so  ratifying  the  same. 


86  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 

ARTICLES, 

In  addition  to,  and  amendment  of,  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  States,  ratified  by  the  legislatures 
of  the  several  states,  pursuant  to  the  fifth  article 
of  the  original  Constitution. 

I.  Congress  shall  make  no  law  respecting  an  es- 
tablishment of  religion,  or  prohibiting  the  free  ex- 
ercise thereof;  or  abridging  the  freedom  of  speech, 
or  of  the  press;  or  the  right  of  the  people  peacea- 
bly to  assemble,  and  to  petition  the  government  for 
a  redress  of  grievances. 

II.  A  well  regulated  militia  being  necessary  to  the 
security  of  a  free  state,  the  right  of  the  people,  to 
keep  and  bear  arms,  shall  not  be  infringed. 

III.  No  soldier  shall,  in  time  of  peace,  be  quar- 
tered in  any  house,  without  the  consent  of  the 
owner,  nor  in  time  of  war,  but  in  a  manner  to  be 
prescribed  by  law. 

IV.  The  right  of  the  people  to  be  secure  in  their 
persons,  houses,  papers  and  effects,  against  unrea- 
sonable searches  and  seizures,  shall  not  be  violated  ; 
and  no.  warrants  shall  issue,  but  upon  probable 
cause,  supported  by  oath  or  affirmation,  and  partic- 
ularly describing  the  place  to  be  searched,  and  the 
persons  or  things  to  be  seized. 

V.  No  person  shall  be  held  to  answer  for  a  cap- 
ital or  otherwise  infamous  crime,  unless  on  a  pre- 
sentment or  indictment  by  a  grand  jury,  except  in 
cases  arising  in  the  land  or  naval  forces,  or  in  the 
militia  when  in  actual  service  in  time  of  war  or 
public  danger  ;   nor  shall    any  person  be  subject  for 


Constitution  of  the  United  States.  til 

the  same  offence  to  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  of  life 
or  limb  ;  nor  shall  be  compelled,  in  any  criminal 
case,  to  be  a  witness  against  himself,  nor  be  deprived 
of  life,  liberty  or  property,  without  due  process  of 
law  ;  nor  shall  private  property  be  taken  for  public 
use,  without  just  compensation. 

VI.  In  all  criminal  prosecutions,  the  accused 
shall  enjoy  the  right  to  a  speedy  and  public  trial,  by 
an  impartial  jury  of  the  state  and  district  wherein 
the  crime  shall  have  been  committed,  which  district 
shall  have  been  previously  ascertained  by  law,  and 
to  be  informed  of  the  nature  and  cause  of  the  accu- 
sation ;  to  be  confronted  with  the  witnesses  against 
him  ;  to  have  compulsory  process  for  obtaining 
witnesses  in  his  favor  ;  and  to  have  the  assistance  of 
counsel  for  his  defence. 

VII.  In  suits  at  common  law,  where  the  value 
in  controversy  shall  exceed  twenty  dollars,  the  right 
of  trial  by  jury  shall  be  preserved,  and  no  fact,  tried 
by  a  jury,  shall  be  otherwise  re-examined,  in  any 
court  of  the  United  States,  than  according  to  the 
rules  of  the  common  law. 

VIII.  Excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required,  nor 
excessive  fines  imposed,  nor  cruel  and  unusual  pun- 
ishments inflicted. 

IX.  The  enumeration,  in  the  constitution,  of 
certain  rights,  shall  not  be  construed  to  deny  or 
disparage  others  retained  by  the  people. 

X.  The  powers  not  delegated  to  the  United 
States  by  the  constitution,  nor  prohibited  by  it  to 
the  states,  are  reserved  to  the  states  respectively,  cr 
to  the  people. 


88  Constitution  of  the  United  Slates. 

XI.  The  judicial  power  of  the  United  States 
shall  not  be  construed  to  extend  to  any  suit  in  law 
or  equity,  commenced  or  prosecuted  against  one  of 
the  United  States  by  citizens  of  another  state,  or  by 
citizens  or  subjects  of  any  foreign  state. 

XII.  The  electors  shall  meet  in  their  respective 
states,  and  vote  by  ballot  for  president  and  vice 
president,  one  of  whom,  at  least,  shall  not  be  an 
inhabitant  of  the  same  state  with  themselves;  they 
shall  name,  in  their  ballots,  the  person  voted  for  as 
president,  and,  in  distinct  ballots,  the  person  voted 
for  as  vice  president  ;  and  they  shall  make  distinct 
lists  of  all  persons  voted  for  as  president,  and  of  all 
persons  voted  for  as  vice  president,  and  of  the  num- 
ber of  votes  for  each ;  which  lists  they  shall  sign 
and  certify,  and  transmit  sealed  to  the  seat  of  the 
government  of  the  United  States,  directed  to  the 
president  of  the  senate  ;  the  president  of  the  senate 
shall,  in  the  presence  of  the  senate  and  house  of 
representatives,  open  all  the  certificates,  and  the 
votes  shall  then  be  counted  ;  the  person  having  the 
greatest  number  of  votes  for  president  shall  be  the 
president,  if  such  number  be  a  majority  of  the 
whole  number  of  electors  appointed :  and  if  no 
such  person  have  such  majority,  then,  from  the 
persons  having  the  highest  numbers,  not  exceeding 
three,  on  the  list  of  those  voted  for  as  president,  the 
house  of  representatives  shall  choose  immediately, 
by  ballot,  the  president;  but,  in  choosing  the  presi- 
dent, the  votes  shall  be  taken  by  states,  the  repre- 
sentation from  each  state  having  one  vote ;  a  quo- 
rum for  this  purpose  shall  consist  of  a  member  or 
members  from  two  thirds  of  the  states,  and  a  major- 
ity of  all  the  states  shall  be  necessary  to  a  choice  ; 
and  if  the  house  of  representatives  shall  not  choose 
a  president,  whenever  the  right  of  choice  shall  de- 


Constitution  of  the  United  States.  89 

volve  upon  them,  before  the  fourth  day  of  March, 
then  next  following,  then  the  vice  president  shall 
act  as  president,  as  in  case  of  the  death  or  other 
constitutional  disability  of  the  president. 

The  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes 
as  vice  president  shall  be  the  vice  president,  if  such 
number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  of  elec- 
tors appointed  ;  and  if  no  person  have  a  majority, 
then,  from  the  two  highest  numbers  on  the  list,  the 
senate  shall  choose  the  vice  president ;  a  quorum 
for  that  purpose  shall  consist  of  two  thirds  of  the 
whole  number  of  senators,  and  a  majority  of  the 
whole  number  shall  be  necessary  to  a  choice. 

But  no  person,  constitutionally  ineligible  to  the 
office  of  president,  shall  be  eligible  to  that  of  vice 
president  of  the  United  States. 


I2h 


CONSTITUTION 

OR 

FORM  OF  GOVERNMENT 

OF    THE 

COMMONWEALTH  OF  MASSACHUSETTS. 


[The  Constitution  of  Massachusetts,  as  here  published,  is  the  revis- 
ion of  that  instrument,  prepared  by  Hon.  L.  S.  Cushing,  one  of 
the  Justices  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  for  the  Supple- 
ments to  the  Revised  Statutes,  published  by  the  State  Printers, 
Messrs.  Dutton  &  Wentworth  ;  by  whose  permission,  it  is  now 
printed,  for  the  use  of  the  Legislature  only,  in  connection  with 
the  Rules  and  Orders  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

The  following'  extract  from  the  Advertisement  to  the  Supple- 
ments, exhibits  the  plan  and  objects  of  the  revision: — 

"  The  Constitution  has  been  revised  by  striking  out  the  an- 
nulled or  obsolete  portions  of  that  instrument,  and  by  inserting 
the  amendments  in  their  appropriate  places.  This  revision  is  in- 
tended for  the  convenient  use  of  those  who  desire  to  ascertain 
what  the  existing  provisions  of  the  Constitution  are,  without  the 
trouble  and  labor  of  tracing  them  historically  from  the  original 
instrument  through  all  the  various  amendments.  Those  who 
wish  to  investigate  any  constitutional  provision,  in  the  manner 
last  mentioned,  will  find  the  original  instrument,  together  with 
the  first  eleven  amendments,  prefixed  to  the  Revised  Statutes, 
and  the  twelfth  and  thirteenth  amendments  in  the  present  vol- 
ume. This  revision  has  been  examined  by  John  G.  Palfrey, 
Esq.,  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth,  whose  certificate  to  its 
correctness  is  appended  to  the  instrument."] 

PREAMBLE. 

The  end  of  the  institution,  maintenance  and  ad- 
ministration of  government,  is  to  secure  the  exist- 
ence of  the  body  politic  ;  to  protect  it ;  and  to  fur- 
nish the  individuals  who  compose  it,  with  the 
power  of  enjoying  with  safety  and  tranquillity  their 
natural  rights  and  the  blessings  of  life  :  and  when- 
ever these  great  objects  are  not  obtained,  the  people 


Constitution  oj  Massachusetts.  1)1 

have  a  right  to  alter  the  government,  and  to  take 
measures  necessary  for  their  safety,  prosperity  and 
happiness. 

The  hody  politic  is  formed  by  a  voluntary  associ- 
ation of  individuals ;  it  is  a  social  compact,  by 
which  the  whole  people  covenants  with  each  cit- 
izen, and  each  citizen  with  the  whole  people,  that 
all  shall  be  governed  by  certain  laws  for  the  com- 
mon good.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  people,  therefore, 
in  framing  a  constitution  of  government,  to  provide 
for  an  equitable  mode  of  making  laws,  as  well  as 
for  an  impartial  interpretation,  and  a  faithful  execu- 
tion of  them  ;  that  every  man  may,  at  all  times,  find 
his  security  in  them. 

We,  therefore,  the  people  of  Massachusetts,  ac- 
knowledging, with  grateful  hearts,  the  goodness  of 
the  great  Legislator  of  the  Universe,  in  affording 
us,  in  the  course  of  his  providence,  an  opportunity, 
deliberately  and  peaceably,  without  fraud,  violence 
or  surprise,  of  entering  into  an  original,  explicit, 
and  solemn  compact  with  each  other  ;  and  of  form- 
ing a  new  constitution  of  civil  government,  for 
ourselves  and  posterity ;  and  devoutly  imploring 
his  direction  in  so  interesting  a  design,  do  agree 
upon,  ordain  and  establish  the  following  Declara- 
tion of  Rights,  and  Frame  of  Government,  as  the 
CONSTITUTION  of  the  COMMONWEALTH 
of  MASSACHUSETTS. 


PART  THE  FIRST. 

A    Declaration  of  the  Rights  of  the  Inhabitants  of 
the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts. 

Art.  I.  All  men  are  born  free  and  equal,  and 
have  certain  natural,  essential,  and  unalienable 
rights  ;  ftmong  which  may  be  reckoned  the  right  of 


92  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

enjoying  and  defending  their  lives  and  liberties ; 
that  of  acquiring,  possessing,  and  protecting  prop- 
erty ;  in  fine,  that  of  seeking  and  obtaining  their 
safety  and  happiness. 

II.  It  is  the  right  as  well  as  the  duty  of  all  men 
in  society,  publicly,  and  at  stated  seasons,  to  wor- 
ship the  SUPREME  BEING,  the  great  Creator  and 
Preserver  of  the  universe.  And  no  subject  shall  be 
hurt,  molested,  or  restrained,  in  his  person,  liberty, 
or  estate,  for  worshipping  God  in  the  manner  and 
season  most  agreeable  to  the  dictates  of  his  own 
conscience ;  or  for  his  religious  profession  or  senti- 
ments ;  provided  he  doth  not  disturb  the  public 
peace,  or  obstruct  others  in  their  religious  worship. 

III.  As  the  public  worship  of  God,  and  instruc- 
tions in  piety,  religion,  and  morality,  promote  the 
happiness  and  prosperity  of  a  people,  and  the  secu- 
rity of  a  republican  government ;  therefore,  the  sev- 
eral religious  societies  of  this  Commonwealth,  wheth- 
er corporate  or  unincorporate,  at  any  meeting  legal- 
ly warned  and  holden  for  that  purpose,  shall  ever 
have  the  right  to  elect  their  pastors  or  religious 
teachers,  to  contract  with  them  for  their  support,  to 
raise  money  for  erecting  and  repairing  houses  for 
public  worship,  for  the  maintenance  of  religious  in- 
struction, and  for  the  payment  of  necessary  ex- 
penses :  And  all  persons  belonging  to  any  religious 
society  shall  be  taken  and  held  to  be  members, 
until  they  shall  file  with  the  clerk  of  such  society  a 
written  notice  declaring  the  dissolution  of  their 
membership,  and  thenceforth  shall  not  be  liable  for 
any  grant  or  contract  which  may  be  thereafter  made 
or  entered  into  by  such  society  :  And  all  religious 
sects  and  denominations,  demeaning  themselves 
peaceably,  and  as  good  citizens  of  the  Common- 


Constitution  of  /Massachusetts.  93 

wealth,  shall  be  equally  under  the  protection  of  the 
law  ;  and  no  subordination  of  any  one  sect  or  de- 
nomination to  another  shall  ever  be  established  by 
law. 

IV.  The  people  of  this  Commonwealth  have  the 
sole  and  exclusive  right  of  governing  themselves,  as 
a  free,  sovereign,  and  independent  state ;  and  do, 
and  forever  hereafter  shall,  exercise  and  enjoy  every 
power,  jurisdiction,  and  right,  which  is  not,  or  may 
not  hereafter  be,  by  them  expressly  delegated  to  the 
United  States  of  America,  in  Congress  assembled. 

V.  All  power  residing  originally  in  the  people, 
and  being  derived  from  them,  the  several  magis- 
trates and  officers  of  government,  vested  with  au- 
thority, whether  legislative,  executive,  or  judicial, 
are  their  substitutes  and  agents,  and  are  at  all  times 
accountable  to  them. 

VI.  No  man,  nor  corporation  or  association  of 
men,  have  any  other  title  to  obtain  advantages,  or 
particular  and  exclusive  privileges,  distinct  from 
those  of  the  community,  than  what  arises  from  the 
consideration  of  services  rendered  to  the  public; 
and  this  title  being  in  nature  neither  hereditary,  nor 
transmissible  to  children,  or  descendants,  or  rela- 
tions by  blood,  the  idea  of  a  man  being  born  a  mag- 
istrate, lawgiver,  or  judge,  is  absurd  and  unnatural. 

VII.  Government  is  instituted  for  the  common 
good  ;  for  the  protection,  safety,  prosperity  and  hap- 
piness of  the  people  ;  and  not  for  the  profit,  honor, 
or  private  interest  of  any  one  man,  family,  or  class 
of  men  :  Therefore,  the  people  alone  have  an  incon- 
testible,  unalienable,  and  indefeasible  right  to  insti- 
tute  government;    and  to   reform,   alter,  or   totally 


1)4  Constitution    of  Massachusetts. 

change  the  same,  when  their  protection,  safety,  pros- 
perity and  happiness  require  it. 

VII [.  In  order  to  prevent  those,  who  are  vested 
with  authority,  from  becoming  oppressors,  the  peo- 
pie  have  a  right,  at  such  periods  and  in  such  man- 
ner as  they  shall  establish  by  their  frame  of  gov- 
ernment, to  cause  their  public  officers  to  return  to 
private  life  ;  and  to  fill  up  vacant  places  by  certain 
and  regular  elections  and  appointments. 

IX.  All  elections  ought  to  be  free  ;  and  all  the 
inhabitants  of  this  Commonwealth,  having  such  qual- 
ifications as  they  shall  establish  by  their  frame  of 
government,  have  an  equal  right  to  elect  officers, 
and  to  be  elected,  for  public  employments. 

X.  Each  individual  of  the  society  has  a  right  to 
be  protected  by  it  in  the  enjoyment  of  his  life,  lib- 
erty and  property,  according  to  standing  laws.  He 
is  obliged,  consequently,  to  contribute  his  share  to 
the  expense  of  this  protection  ;  to  give  his  personal 
service,  or  an  equivalent,  when  necessary  :  but  no 
part  of  the  property  of  any  individual  can,  with  jus- 
tice, be  taken  from  him  or  applied  to  public  uses 
without  his  own  consent,  or  that  of  the  representa- 
tive body  of  the  people.  In  fine,  the  people  of  this 
Commonwealth  are  not  controllable  by  any  other 
laws  than  those  to  which  their  constitutional  repre- 
sentative body  have  given  their  consent.  And 
whenever  the  public  exigencies  require  that  the 
property  of  any  individual  should  be  appropriated  to 
public  uses,  he  shall  receive  a  reasonable  compen- 
sation therefor. 

XI.  Every  subject  of  the  Commonwealth  ought 
to  find  a  certain  remedy,  by  having   recourse  to  the 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  95 

laws,  for  all  injuries  or  wrongs  which  he  may  re- 
ceive in  his  person,  property  or  character.  He 
ought  to  obtain  right  and  justice  freely,  and  with- 
out being  obliged  to  purchase  it;  completely,  and 
without  any  denial;  promptly,  and  without  delay ; 
conformably  to  the  laws. 

XII.  No  subject  shall  be  held  to  answer  for  any 
crimes  or  offence,  until  the  same  is  fully  and  plainly, 
substantially  and  formally,  described  to  him  ;  or  be 
compelled  to  accuse,  or  furnish  evidence  against 
himself;  and  every  subject  shall  have  a  right  to  pro- 
duce all  proofs  that  may  be  favorable  to  him ;  to 
meet  the  witnesses  against  him  face  to  face,  and  to 
be  fully  heard  in  his  defence  by  himself,  or  his 
counsel  at  his  election  :  and  no  subject  shall  be  ar- 
rested, imprisoned,  despoiled,  or  deprived  of  his 
property,  immunities,  or  privileges,  put  out  of  the 
protection  of  the  law,  exiled,  or  deprived  of  his 
life,  liberty,  or  estate;  but  by  the  judgment  of  his 
peers,  or  the  law  of  the  laud. 

And  the  legislature  shall  not  make  any  law  that 
shall  subject  any  person  to  a  capital  or  infamous 
punishment,  excepting  for  the  government  of  the 
army  and  navy,  without  trial  by  jury. 

XIII.  In  criminal  prosecutions,  the  verification 
of  facts,  in  the  vicinity  where  they  happen,  is  one 
of  the  greatest  securities  of  the  life,  liberty,  and 
property  of  the  citizen. 

XIV.  Every  subject  has  a  right  to  be  secure 
from  all  unreasonable  searches  and  seizures  of  his 
person,  his  houses,  his  papers,  and  all  his  posses- 
sions. All  warrants,  therefore,  are  contrary  to  this 
right,  if  the  cause  or  foundation  of  them  be  not 
previously 'supported  by  oath  or  affirmation:  and  it 


96  Constitution    of  Massachusetts. 

the  order,  in  the  warrant  to  a  civil  officer,  to  make 
search  in  suspected  places,  or  to  arrest  one  or  more 
suspected  persons,  or  to  seize  their  property,  be  not 
accompanied  with  a  special  designation  of  the  per- 
sons or  objects  of  search,  arrest,  or  seizure ;  and 
no  warrant  ought  to  be  issued  but  in  cases,  and 
with  the  formalities,  prescribed  by  the  laws. 

XV.  In  all  controversies  concerning  property, 
and  in  all  suits  between  two  or  more  persons,  ex- 
cept in  cases  in  which  it  has  heretofore  been  other- 
ways  used  and  practised,  the  parties  have  a  right  to 
a  trial  by  jury ;  and  this  method  of  procedure  shall 
be  held  sacred,  unless,  in  causes  arising  on  the  high 
seas,  and  such  as  relate  to  mariners'  wages,  the  leg- 
islature shall    hereafter  find  it  necessary  to  alter  it. 

XVI.  The  liberty  of  the  press  is  essential  to  the 
security  of  freedom  in  a  state ;  it  ought  not,  there- 
fore, to  be  restrained  in  this  Commonwealth. 

XVII.  The  people  have  a  right  to  keep  and  to 
bear  arms  for  the  common  defence :  and  as,  in  time 
of  peace,  armies  are  dangerous  to  liberty,  they 
ought  not  to  be  maintained  without  the  consent  of 
the  legislature  ;  and  the  military  power  shall  always 
be  held  in  an  exact  subordination  to  the  civil  au- 
thority, and  be  governed  by  it. 

XVIII.  A  frequent  recurrence  to  the  funda- 
mental principles  of  the  constitution,  and  a  constant 
adherence  to  those  of  piety,  justice,  moderation, 
temperance,  industry  and  frugality,  are  absolutely 
necessary  to  preserve  the  advantages  of  liberty,  and 
to  maintain  a  free  government.  The  people  ought, 
consequently,  to  have  a  particular  attention  to  all 
those  principles,  in  the  choice  of  their  officers  and 


Constitution   of  Massac!  usetts.  07 

representatives:  and  they  have  a  right  to  require  of 
their  lawgivers  and  magistrates  an  exact  and  con- 
stant observance  of  them,  in  the  formation  and  exe- 
cution of  the  laws  necessary  for  the  good  adminis- 
tration of  the  Commonwealth. 

XIX.  The  people  have  a  right,  in  an  orderly 
and  peaceable  manner,  to  assemble  to  consult  upon 
the  common  good;  give  instructions  to  their  repre- 
sentatives ;  and  to  request  of  the  legislative  body, 
by  the  way  of  addresses,  petitions  or  remonstrances, 
redress  of  the  wrongs  done  them,  and  of  the  griev- 
ances they  suffer. 

XX.  The  power  of  suspending  the  laws,  or  the 
execution  of  the  laws,  ought  never  to  be  exercised 
but  by  the  legislature,  or  by  authority  derived  from 
it,  to  be  exercised  in  such  particular  cases  only  as 
the  legislature  shall  expressly  provide  for. 

XXI.  The  freedom  of  deliberation,  speech  and 
debate,  in  either  house  of  the  legislature,  is  so  es- 
sential to  the  rights  of  the  people,  that  it  cannot  be 
the  foundation  of  any  accusation  or  prosecution,  ac- 
tion or  complaint,  in  any  other  court  or  place  what- 
soever. 

XXII.  The  legislature  ought  frequently  to  as- 
semble for  the  redress  of  grievances,  for  correcting, 
strengthening  and  confirming  the  laws,  and  for  mak- 
ing new  laws,  as  the  common    good   may    require. 

XXIII.  No  subsidy,  charge,  tax,  impost  or  du- 
ties, ought  to  be  established,  fixed,  laid  or  levied, 
under  any  pretext  whatsoever,  without  the  consent  of 
the  people,  or  their  representatives  in  the  legislature. 

/    13h 


98  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

XXIV.  Laws  made  to  punish  for  actions  done 
before  the  existence  of  such  laws,  and  which  have 
not  been  declared  crimes  by  preceding  laws,  are 
unjust,  oppressive,  and  inconsistent  with  the  funda- 
mental principles  of  a  free  government. 

XXV.  No  subject  ought,  in  any  case  or  in  any 
time,  to   be  declared  guilty  of  treason  or  felony  by 

the  legislature. 

XXVI.  No  magistrate  or  court  of  law  shall  de- 
mand excessive  bail  or  sureties,  impose  excessive 
fines,  or  inflict  cruel  or  unusual  punishments. 

XXVII.  In  time  of  peace,  no  soldier  ought  to 
be  quartered  in  any  house  without  the  consent  of 
the  owner;  and  in  time  of  war,  such  quarters  ought 
not  to  be  made  but  by  the  civil  magistrate,  in  a 
manner  ordained  by  the  legislature. 

XXVIII.  No  person  can  in  any  case  be  sub- 
jected to  law  martial,  or  to  any  penalties  or  pains, 
by  virtue  of  that  law,  except  those  employed  in  the 
army  or  navy,  and  except  the  militia  in  actual  ser- 
vice, but  by  authority  of  the  legislature, 

XXIX.  It  is  essential  to  the  preservation  of  the 
rights  of  every  individual,  his  life,  liberty,  property 
and  character,  that  there  be  an  impartial  interpre- 
tation of  the  laws  and  administration  of  justice.  It 
is  the  right  of  every  citizen  to  be  tried  by  judges 
as  free,  impartial  and  independent,  as  the  lot  of  hu- 
manity will  admit.  It  is  therefore  not  only  the  best 
policy,  but  for  the  security  of  the  rights  of  the  peo- 
ple, and  of  every  citizen,  that  the  judges  of  the  su- 
preme judicial  court  should  hold  their  offices  as  long 
as  they  behave  themselves  well ;  and  that  they  should 


Constitution   of  Massachusetts.  99 

have  honorable  salaries,  ascertained  and  established 
by  standing  laws. 

XXX.  In  the  government  of  this  Commonwealth, 
the  legislative  department  shall  never  exercise  the  ex- 
ecutive and  judicial  powers,  or  either  of  them  :  the 
executive  shall  never  exercise  the  legislative  and  ju- 
dicial powers,  or  either  of  them  :  the  judicial  shall 
never  exercise  the  legislative  and  executive  powers, 
or  either  of  them  :  to  the  end  it  may  be  a  govern- 
ment of  laws  and  not  of  men. 


PART   THE   SECOND. 

The  Frame  of  Government. 

The  people,  inhabiting  the  territory  formerly 
called  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  do  here- 
by solemnly  and  mutually  agree  with  each  other,  to 
form  themselves  into  a  free,  sovereign,  and  inde- 
pendent body  politic  or  state,  by  the  name  of 
THE  COMMONWEALTH  OF*  MASSACHU- 
SETTS. 

CHAPTER  I. 

The  Legislative  Power. 

SECTION   I. 

The  General  Court. 

Art.  I.  The  department  of  legislation  shall  be 
formed  by  two  branches,  a  Senate  and  House  of 
Representatives  :  each  of  which  shall  have  a  nega- 
tive on  the  other. 

The  legislative  body  shall  assemble  every  year, 
on  the  first  Wednesday  in  January,  and  at  such 
other  times  as  they  shall  judge  necessary  :  and  shall 
dissolve  and  be  dissolved  on  the  day  next  preceding 
the  saidrfirst   Wednesday  in   January,  without  any 


100  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

proclamation  or  other  act  of  the  governor,  and 
shall  be  styled  The  General  Court  of  Massa- 
chusetts. 

II.  No  bill  or  resolve  of  the  senate  or  house  of 
representatives  shall  become  a  law  and  have  force 
as  such,  until  it  shall  have  been  laid  before  the  gov- 
ernor for  his  revisal  ;  and  if  he,  upon  such  revision, 
approve  thereof,  he  shall  signify  his  approbation  by 
signing  the  same.  But  if  he  have  any  objection  to 
the  passing  of  such  bill  or  resolve,  he  shall  return 
the  same,  together  with  his  objections  thereto,  in 
writing,  to  the  senate  or  house  of  representatives, 
in  whichsoever  the  same  shall  have  originated  ; 
who  shall  enter  the  objections  sent  down  by  the 
governor,  at  large,  on  their  records,  and  proceed  to 
reconsider  the  said  bill  or  resolve :  but  if,  after 
such  reconsideration,  two  thirds  of  the  said  senate 
or  house  of  representatives  shall,  notwithstanding 
the  said  objections,  agree  to  pass  the  same,  it  shall, 
together  with  the  objections,  be  sent  to  the  other 
branch  of  the  legislature,  where  it  shall  also  be 
reconsidered,  and  if  approved  by  two  thirds  of  the 
members  present,  shall  have  the  force  of  a  law: 
but  in  all  such  cases,  the  votes  of  both  houses  shall 
be  determined  by  yeas  and  nays  ;  and  the  names  of 
the  persons  voting  for,  or  against,  the  said  bill  or 
resolve,  shall  be  entered  upon  the  public  records  of 
the  Commonwealth. 

And  in  order  to  prevent  unnecessary  delays,  if 
any  bill  or  resolve  shall  not  be  returned  by  the  gov- 
ernor within  five  days  after  it  shall  have  been  pre- 
sented, the  same  shall  have  the  force  of  a  law  :  but 
if  any  bill  or  resolve  shall  be  objected  to  and  not 
approved  by  the  governor,  and  if  the  general  court 
shall  adjourn  within  five  days  after  the  same  shall 
have  heen  laid   before  the   governor  for  his  appro- 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  101 

bation,  and  thereby  prevent  his  returning  it,  with 
his  objections,  such  bill  or  resolve  shall  not  become 
a  law,  nor  have  force  as  such. 

III.  The  general  court  shall  forever  have  full 
power  and  authority  to  erect  and  constitute  judica- 
tories and  courts  of  record,  or  other  courts,  to  be 
held  in  the  name  of  the  Commonwealth,  for  the 
hearing,  trying  and  determining  of  all  manner  of 
crimes,  offences,  pleas,  processes,  plaints,  actions, 
matters,  causes  and  things  whatsoever,  arising  or 
happening  within  the  Commonwealth,  or  between 
or  concerning  persons  inhabiting,  or  residing,"  or 
brought  within  the  same ;  whether  the  same  be 
criminal  or  civil,  or  whether  the  said  crimes  be 
capital  or  not  capital,  and  whether  the  said  pleas  be 
real,  personal  or  mixt ;  and  for  the  awarding  and 
making  out  of  execution  thereupon  :  to  which 
courts  and  judicatories  are  hereby  given  and  granted 
full  power  and  authority,  from  time  to  time,  to  ad- 
minister oaths  or  affirmations,  for  the  better  dis- 
covery of  truth  in  any  matter  in  controversy,  or  de- 
pending before  them. 

IV.  And  further,  full  power  and  authority  are 
hereby  given  and  granted  to  the  said  general  court, 
from  time  to  time,  to  make,  ordain  and  establish 
all  manner  of  wholesome  and  reasonable  orders, 
laws,  statutes  and  ordinances,  directions  and  in- 
structions, either  with  penalties  or  without,  so  as 
the  same  be  not  repugnant  or  contrary  to  this  con- 
stitution, as  they  shall  judge  to  be  for  the  good  and 
welfare  of  this  Commonwealth,  and  for  the  govern- 
ment and  ordering  thereof,  and  of  the  subjects  of 
the  same,  and  for  the  necessary  support  and  defence 
of  the  government  thereof;  and  to  name  and  settle 
annually,'  or  provide   by  fixed  laws  for  the   naming 


102  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

and  settling  all  civil  officers  within  the  said  Com- 
monwealth, the  election  and  constitution  of  whom 
are  not  hereafter  in  this  form  of  government  other- 
wise provided  for  ;  and  to  set  forth  the  several  du- 
ties, powers  and  limits  of  the  several  civil  and  mili- 
tary officers  of  this  Commonwealth,  and  the  forms 
of  such  oaths  or  affirmations  as  shall  be  respectively 
administered  unto  them  for  the  execution  of  their 
several  offices  and  places,  so  as  the  same  be  not 
repugnant  or  contrary  to  this  constitution ;  and  to 
impose  and  levy  proportional  and  reasonable  assess- 
ments, rates  and  taxes,  upon  all  the  inhabitants  of, 
and  persons  resident,  and  estates  lying,  within  the 
said  Commonwealth  ;  and  also  to  impose  and  levy 
reasonable  duties  and  excises  upon  any  produce, 
goods,  wares,  merchandise,  and  commodities  what- 
soever, brought  into,  produced,  manufactured,  or 
being  within  the  same  ;  to  be  issued  and  disposed 
of  by  warrant,  under  the  hand  of  the  governor  of 
this  Commonwealth  for  the  time  being,  with  the  ad- 
vice and  consent  of  the  council,  for  the  public  ser- 
vice, in  the  necessary  defence  and  support  of  the 
government  of  the  said  Commonwealth,  and  the 
protection  and  preservation  of  the  subjects  thereof, 
according  to  such  acts,  as  are  or  shall  be  in  force 
within  the  same. 

And  while  the  public  charges  of  government,  or 
any  part  thereof,  shall  be  assessed  on  polls  and  es- 
tates,  in  the  manner  that  has  hitherto  been  prac- 
tised, in  order  that  such  assessments  may  be  made 
with  equality,  there  shall  be  a  valuation  of  estates 
within  the  Commonwealth  taken  anew  once  in 
every  ten  years  at  least,  and  as  much  oftener  as  the 
general  court  shall  order. 

V.  The  general  court  shall  have  full  power  and 
authority  to   erect  and   constitute  municipal  or  city 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  103 

governments  in  any  corporate  town  or  towns  in  this 
Commonwealth,  and  to  grant  to  the  inhabitants 
thereof  such  powers,  privileges  and  immunities,  not 
repugnant  to  the  constitution,  as  the  general  court 
shall  deem  necessary  or  expedient  for  the  regulation 
and  government  thereof,  and  to  prescribe  the  man- 
ner of  calling  and  holding  public  meetings  of  the 
inhabitants  in  wards,  or  otherwise,  for  the  election 
of  officers  under  the  constitution,  and  the  manner 
of  returning  the  votes  given  at  such  meetings: 
Provided,  that  no  such  government  shall  be  erected 
or  constituted  in  any  town  not  containing  twelve 
thousand  inhabitants ;  nor  unless  it  be  with  the 
consent  and  on  the  application  of  a  majority  of  the 
inhabitants  of  such  town,  present  and  voting  there- 
on, pursuant  to  a  vote  at  a  meeting  duly  warned 
and  holden  for  that  purpose  :  and  provided  also, 
that  all  by-laws,  made  by  such  municipal  or  city 
government,  shall  be  subject,  at  all  times,  to  be  an- 
nulled by  the  general  court. 


CHAPTER   I. 

SECTION  II. 

Senate. 

Art.  I.  There  shall  be  annually  elected,  by  the 
inhabitants  of  this  Commonwealth,  qualified  as  in 
this  constitution  is  provided,  forty  persons  to  be 
senators,  for  the  year  ensuing  their  election;  to  be 
chosen  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  districts  into  which 
the  Commonwealth  may  be  divided  for  that  purpose. 

A  census  of  the  inhabitants  of  each  city  and 
town,  on  the  first  day  of  May,  shall  be  taken  and 
returned  into  the  office  of  the  secretary  of  the 
Commonwealth,  on  or  before  the  last  day  of  June, 
of  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  forty, 


104  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

and  of  every  tenth  year  thereafter,  which  census 
shall  determine  the  apportionment  of  senators  for  the 
term  of  ten  years. 

In  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  forty, 
and  every  tenth  year  thereafter,  the  governor  and 
council  shall  assign  the  number  of  senators  to  be 
chosen  in  each  district,  according  to  the  number  of 
inhabitants  in  the  same,  and  shall  timely  make 
known  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  Commonwealth, 
the  number  of  senators  to  be  chosen  in  each  dis- 
trict :  Provided,  that,  in  all  cases,  at  least  one  sena- 
tor shall  be  assigned  to  each  district,  and  no  dis- 
trict shall  be  entitled  to  choose  more  than  six  sena- 
tors. 

The  several  counties  in  this  Commonwealth,  as 
established  by  law,  and  existing  on  the  seventeenth 
day  of  April,  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hun- 
dred and  forty,  shall  each  constitute  a  district  for 
the  choice  of  senators,  except  that  the  counties  of 
Dukes  county  and  Nantucket  shall  form  one  dis- 
trict ;  and  the  said  districts,  so  established,  shall  be 
permanent. 

II.  The  senate  shall  be  the  first  branch  of  the 
legislature ;  and  the  senators  shall  be  chosen  in  the 
following  manner,  viz  :  there  shall  be  a  meeting  on 
the  second  Monday  in  November  annually,  forever, 
of  the  inhabitants  of  each  town  in  the  several 
counties  of  this  Commonwealth,  to  be  called  by  the 
selectmen,  and  warned  in  due  course  of  law,  at 
least  seven  days  before  the  second  Monday  in  No- 
vember, for  the  purpose  of  electing  persons  to  be 
senators ;  and,  at  such  meetings,  every  person, 
qualified  as  in  this  constitution  is  provided,  shall 
have  a  right  to  give  in  his  vote  for  the  senators  for 
the  district  of  which  he  is  an  inhabitant.  And  to 
remove  all   doubts  concerning  the  meaning  of  the 


Vonstitutiun  of  Massachusetts.  105 

word  "  inhabitant,"  in  this  constitution,  every  per- 
son shall  be  considered  as  an  inhabitant,  for  the 
purpose  of  electing  and  being  elected  into  any 
office  or  place  within  this  state,  in  that  town,  dis- 
trict or  plantation,  where  he  dwelleth,  or  hath  his 
home. 

The  selectmen  of  the  several  towns  shall  preside 
at  such  meetings  impartially  ;  and  shall  receive  the 
votes  of  all  the  inhabitants  of  such  towns  present 
and  qualified  to  vote  for  senators,  and  shall  sort  and 
count  them  in  open  town  meeting,  and  in  presence 
of  the  town  clerk,  who  shall  make  a  fair  record,  in 
presence  of  the  selectmen,  and  in  open  town  meet- 
ing, of  the  name  of  every  person  voted  for,  and  of 
the  number  of  votes  against  his  name  ;  and  a  fair 
copy  of  this  record  shall  be  attested  by  the  select- 
men and  the  town  clerk,  and  shall  be  sealed  up, 
directed  to  the  secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  for 
the  time  being,  with  a  superscription,  expressing 
the  purport  of  the  contents  thereof,  and  delivered 
by  the  town  clerk  of  such  town  to  the  sheriff  of  the 
county  in  which  such  town  lies,  thirty  days  at  least 
before  the  first  Wednesday  in  January  annually  ;  or 
it  shall  be  delivered  into  the  secretary's  office  sev- 
enteen days  at  least  before  the  said  first  Wednesday 
in  January  ;  and  the  sheriff  of  each  county  shall 
deliver  all  such  certificates,  by  him  received,  into 
the  secretary's  office,  seventeen  days  before  the 
said  first  Wednesday  in  January. 

And  the  inhabitants  of  plantations  unincorpo- 
rated, qualified  as  this  constitution  provides,  who 
are  or  shall  be  empowered  and  required  to  assess 
taxes  upon  themselves  toward  the  support  of  gov- 
ernment, shall  have  the  same  privilege  of  votincr  for 
senators,  in  the  plantations  where  they  reside,  as 
town  inhabitants  have  in  their  respective  towns; 
and  the  plantation  meetings  for  that  purpose  shall 
14h 


106  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

be  held  annually  on  the  same  second  Monday  m 
November,  at  such  place  in  the  plantations  respec- 
tively as  the  assessors  thereof  shall  direct ;  which 
assessors  shall  have  like  authority  for  notifying  the 
electors,  collecting  and  returning  the  votes,  as  the 
selectmen  and  town  clerks  hare  in  their  several 
towns,  by  this  constitution.  And  all  other  persons 
living  in  places  unincorporated,  (qualified  as  afore- 
said,) who  shall  be  assessed  to  the  support  of  gov- 
ernment by  the  assessors  of  an  adjacent  town,  shall 
have  the  privilege  of  giving  in  their  votes  for  sena- 
tors, in  the  town  where  they  shall  be  assessed,  and 
be  notified  of  the  place  of  meeting  by  the  select- 
men of  the  town  where  they  shall  be  assessed,  for 
that  purpose,  accordingly. 

III.  And  that  there  may  be  a  due  convention  of 
senators  on  the  first  Wednesday  in  January  annu- 
ally, the  governor,  with  five  of  the  council,  for  the 
time  being,  shall,  as  soon  as  may  be,  examine  the 
returned  copies  of  such  records  ;  and  fourteen 
days  before  the  said  day,  he  shall  issue  his  summons 
to  such  persons  as  shall  appear  to  be  chosen  by  a 
majority  of  voters,  to  attend  on  that  day,  and  take 
their  seats  accordingly. 

IV.  The  senate  shall  be  the  final  judge  of  the 
elections,  returns,  and  qualifications  of  their  own 
members,  as  pointed  out  in  the  constitution  ;  and 
shall,  on  the  said  first  Wednesday  in  January  annu- 
ally, determine  and  declare  who  are  elected  by  each 
district,  to  be  senators,  by  a  majority  of  votes  :  and 
in  case  there  shall  not  appear  to  be  the  full  number 
of  senators  returned  elected  by  a  majority  of  votes 
for  any  district,  the  deficiency  shall  be  supplied  in 
the  following  manner,  viz  :  The  members  of  the 
house  of  representatives,  and  such  senators  as  shall 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  107 

be  declared  elected,  shall  take  the  names  of  such 
persons  as  shall  be  found  to  have  the  highest  num- 
ber of  votes  in  such  district,  and  not  elected, 
amounting  to  twice  the  number  of  senators  want- 
ing, if  there  be  so  many  voted  for  ;  and,  out  of 
these,  shall  elect  by  ballot  a  number  of  senators 
sufficient  to  fill  up  the  vacancies  in  such  district; 
and  in  this  manner  all  such  vacancies  shall  be  filled 
up  in  every  district  of  the  Commonwealth  ;  and  in 
like  manner  all  vacancies  in  the  senate,  arising  by 
death,  removal  out  of  the  state,  or  otherwise,  shall 
be  supplied  as  soon  as  may  be  after  such  vacancies 
shall  happen. 

V.  Provided,  nevertheless,  that  no  person  shall 
be  capable  of  being  elected  as  a  senator,  who  has 
not  been  an  inhabitant  of  this  Commonwealth  for 
the  space  of  five  years  immediately  preceding  his 
election,  and,  at  the  time  of  his  election,  he  shall 
be  an  inhabitant  in  the  district  for  which  he  shall 
be  chosen  ;  and  no  possession  of  a  freehold,  or  of 
any  other  estate,  shall  be  required  as  a  qualification 
for  holding  a  seat  in  the  senate. 

VI.  The  senate  shall  have  power  to  adjourn 
themselves,  provided  such  adjournments  do  not  ex- 
ceed two  days  at  a  time. 

VIL  The  senate  shall  choose  its  own  president, 
appoint  its  own  officers,  and  determine  its  own  rules 
of  proceeding. 

VIII.  The  senate  shall  be  a  court  with  full  au- 
thority to  hear  and  determine  all  impeachments 
made  by  the  house  of  representatives,  against  any 
officer  op  officers  of  the  Commonwealth,  for  mis- 
conduct and  mal-administration  in  their  offices;  but. 


108  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

previous  to  the  trial  of  every  impeachment,  the 
members  of  the  senate  shall  respectively  be  sworn, 
truly  and  impartially  to  try  and  determine  the  charge 
in  question,  according  to  evidence.  Their  judg- 
ment, however,  shall  not  extend  further  than  to 
removal  from  office  and  disqualification  to  hold  or 
enjoy  any  place  of  honor,  trust,  or  profit,  under 
this  Commonwealth  :  but  the  party,  so  convicted, 
shall  be,  nevertheless,  liable  to  indictment,  trial, 
judgment  and  punishment,  according  to  the  laws  of 
the  land. 

IX.     Not  less   than  sixteen  members  of  the  sen- 
ate shall  constitute  a  quorum  for  doing  business. 


CHAPTER   I. 

SECTION    III. 

House  of  Representatives . 

Art.  I.  There  shall  be,  in  the  Legislature  of 
this  Commonwealth,  a  representation  of  the  people, 
annually  elected,  and  founded  upon  the  principle  of 
equality. 

II.  And  in  order  to  provide  for  a  representation 
of  the  citizens  of  this  Commonwealth,  founded 
upon  the  principle  of  equality,  a  census  of  the  in- 
habitants of  each  city  and  town,  on  the  first  day  of 
May,  shall  be  taken,  and  returned  into  the  office  of 
the  secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  on  or  before 
the  last  day  of  June,  of  the  year  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  forty,  and  of  every  tenth  year 
thereafter,  which  census  shall  determine  the  appor- 
tionment ef  representatives  for  the  term  of  ten 
years. 

The   members   of   the   house   of    representatives 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  109 

shall  be  apportioned  in  the  following  manner : 
Every  town  or  city  containing  twelve  hundred  in- 
habitants may  elect  one  representative;  and  two 
thousand  four  hundred  inhabitants  shall  be  the 
mean  increasing  number  which  shall  entitle  it  to  an 
additional  representative. 

Every  town  containing  less  than  twelve  hundred 
inhabitants  shall  be  entitled  to  elect  a  representative 
as  many  times,  within  ten  years,  as  the  number  one 
hundred  and  sixty  is  contained  in  the  number  of 
the  inhabitants  of  said  town.  Such  towns  may 
also  elect  one  representative  for  the  year  in  which 
the  valuation  of  estates  within  the  Commonwealth 
shall  be  settled. 

Any  two  or  more  of  the  several  towns  may,  by 
consent  of  a  majority  of  the  legal  voters  present  at 
a  legal  meeting,  in  each  of  said  towns  respectively, 
called  for  that  purpose,  and  held  before  the  first 
day  of  August  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hun- 
dred and  forty,  and  every  tenth  year  thereafter, 
form  themselves  into  a  representative  district,  to 
continue  for  the  term  of  ten  years ;  and  such  dis- 
trict shall  have  all  the  rights,  in  regard  to  represen- 
tation, which  would  belong  to  a  town  containing 
the  same  number  of  inhabitants. 

The  number  of  inhabitants  which  shall  entitle  a 
town  to  elect  one  representative,  and  the  mean  in- 
creasing number,  which  shall  entitle  a  town  or  city 
to  elect  more  than  one,  and  also  the  number  by 
which  the  population  of  towns,  not  entitled  to  a 
representative  every  year,  is  to  be  divided,  shall  be 
increased  respectively,  by  one  tenth  of  the  numbers 
above  mentioned,  whenever  the  population  of  the 
Commonwealth  shall  have  increased  to  seven  hun- 
dred and  seventy  thousand,  and  for  every  additional 
increase  oj  seventy  thousand   inhabitants,  the  same 


110  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

addition  of  one  tenth  shall  be  made  respectively  to 
the  said  numbers  above  mentioned. 

In  the  year  of  each  decennial  census,  the  gov- 
ernor and  council  shall,  before  the  first  day  of  Sep- 
tember, apportion  the  number  of  representatives 
which  each  city,  town,  and  representative  district, 
is  entitled  to  elect,  and  ascertain  how  many  years, 
within  ten  years,  any  town  may  elect  a  representa- 
tive, which  is  not  entitled  to  elect  one  every  year, 
and  the  governor  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  pub- 
lished forthwith. 

And  the  house  of  representatives  shall  have 
power,  from  time  to  time,  to  impose  fines  upon  such 
towns  as  shall  neglect  to  choose  and  return  mem- 
bers  to  the  same,  agreeably  to  this  constitution. 

The  expenses  of  travelling  to  the  general  assem- 
bly, and  returning  home,  once  in  every  session, 
and  no  more,  shall  be  paid  by  the  government,  out 
of  the  public  treasury,  to  every  member  who  shall 
attend  as  seasonably  as  he  can  in  the  judgment  of 
the  house,  and  does  not  depart  without  leave. 

III.  Every  member  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives shall  be  chosen  by  written  votes ;  and,  for  one 
year  at  least  next  preceding  his  election,  shall  have 
been  an  inhabitant  of  the  town  he  shall  be  chosen 
to  represent ;  and  he  shall  cease  to  represent  the 
said  town  immediately  on  his  ceasing  to  be  qualified 
as  aforesaid  ;  and  no  possession  of  a  freehold,  or  of 
any  other  estate,  shall  be  required  as  a  qualification 
for  holding  a  seat  in  the  house  of  representatives. 

IV.  Every  male  person,  qualified  as  in  this  con- 
stitution is  provided,  shall  have  a  right  to  vote  in 
the  choice  of  a  representative  or  representatives  for 
the  town  within  which  he  resides. 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  Ill 

V.  The  members  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives shall  be  chosen  annually,  on  the  second  Mon- 
day of  November,  in  every  year  :  but  meetings 
may  be  adjourned,  if  necessary,  for  the  choice  of 
representatives,  to  the  next  day,  and  again  to  the 
next  succeeding  day,  but  no  further  :  but  in  case  a 
second  meeting  shall  be  necessary  for  the  choice  of 
representatives,  such  meetings  shall  be  held  on  the 
fourth  Monday  of  the  same  month  of  November. 

VI.  The  house  of  representatives  shall  be  the 
grand  inquest  of  this  Commonwealth  ;  and  all  im- 
peachments made  by  them  shall  be  heard  and  tried 
by  the  senate. 

VII.  All  money  bills  shall  originate  in  the 
house  of  representatives  ;  but  the  senate  may  pro- 
pose or  concur  with  amendments,  as  on  other  bills. 

VIII.  The  house  of  representatives  shall  have 
power  to  adjourn  themselves ;  Provided  such  ad- 
journment shall  not  exceed  two  days  at  a  time. 

IX.  Not  less  than  sixty  members  of  the  house 
of  representatives  shall  constitute  a  quorum  for 
doing  business. 

X.  The  house  of  representatives  shall  be  judge 
of  the  returns,  elections,  and  qualifications  of  its 
own  members,  as  pointed  out  in  the  constitution  ; 
shall  choose  their  own  speaker  ;  appoint  their  own 
officers  ;  and  settle  the  rules  and  orders  of  proceed- 
ing in  their  own  house.  They  shall  have  authority 
to  punish,  by  imprisonment,  every  person,  not  a 
member,  who  shall  be  guilty  of  disrespect  to  the 
house,  by  any  disorderly  or  contemptuous  behavior 
in   its  presence;    or   who,  in  the  town   where  the 


1 12  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

general  court  is  sitting,  and  during  the  time  of  its 
sitting,  shall  threaten  harm  to  the  body  or  estate  of 
any  of  its  members,  for  any  thing  said  or  done  in 
the  house  ;  or  who  shall  assault  any  of  them  there- 
for ;  or  who  shall  assault  or  arrest  any  witness,  or 
other  person  ordered  to  attend  the  house,  in  his 
way  in  going  or  returning ;  or  who  shall  rescue 
any  person  arrested  by  the  order  of  the  house. 

And  no  member  of  the  house  of  representatives 
shall  be  arrested,  or  held  to  bail  on  mesne  process, 
during  his  going  unto,  returning  from,  or  his  at- 
tending, the  general  assembly. 

XI.  The  senate  shall  have  the  same  powers  in 
the  like  cases;  and  the  governor  and  council  shall 
have  the  same  authority  to  punish  in  like  cases  : 
Provided,  that  no  imprisonment,  on  the  warrant  or 
order  of  the  governor,  council,  senate,  or  house  of 
representatives,  for  either  of  the  above  described 
offences,  be  for  a  term  exceeding  thirty  days. 

And  the  senate  and  house  of  representatives  may 
try  and  determine  all  cases  where  their  rights  and 
privileges  are  concerned,  and  which,  by  the  consti- 
tution, they  have  authority  to  try  and  determine,  by 
committees  of  their  own  members,  or  in  such  other 
way  as  they  may  respectively  think  best. 


CHAPTER   II. 

Executive  Power. 

SECTION  1. 

Governor. 

Art.  1.  There  shall  be  a  supreme  executive 
magistrate,  who  shall  be  styled,  THE  GOVERNOR 
OF    THE    COMMONWEALTH    OF   MASSA- 


Constitution  of    Massachusetts.  113 

CHUSETTS  ;  and  whose  title  shall  be— HIS  EX- 
CELLENCY. 

II.  The  governor  shall  be  chosen  annually  ;  and 
no  person  shall  be  eligible  to  this  office,  unless,  at 
the  time  of  his  election,  he  shall  have  been  an  in- 
habitant of  this  Commonwealth  for  seven  years  next 
preceding;  and  unless  he  shall,  at  the  same  time, 
be  seized,  in  his  own  rijrht,  of  a  freehold  within 
the  Commonwealth,  of  the  value  of  one  thousand 
pounds. 

The  governor  shall  hold  his  office  for  one  year 
next  following  the  first  Wednesday  of  January,  and 
until  another  is  chosen  and  qualified  in  his  stead. 

III.  Those  persons,  who  shall  be  qualified  to 
vote  for  senators  and  representatives,  within  the 
several  towns  of  this  Commonwealth,  shall,  at  a 
meeting  to  be  called  for  that  purpose,  on  the  second 
Monday  of  November,  annually,  give  in  their  votes 
for  a  governor,  to  the  selectmen,  who  shall  preside 
at  such  meetings  ;  and  the  town  clerk,  in  the  pres- 
ence and  with  the  assistance  of  the  selectmen,  shall, 
in  open  town  meeting,  sort  and  count  the  votes, 
and  form  a  list  of  the  persons  voted  for,  with  the 
number  of  votes  for  each  person  against  his  name; 
and  shall  make  a  fair  record  of  the  same  in  the 
town  books,  and  a  public  declaration  thereof  in  the 
said  meeting;  and  shall,  in  the  presence  of  the  in- 
habitants, seal  up  copies  of  the  said  list,  attesed 
by  him  and  the  selectmen,  and  transmit  the  same 
to  the  sheriff*  of  the  county,  thirty  days  at  least 
before  the  first  Wednesday  in  January ;  and  the 
sheriff  shall  transmit  the  same  to  the  secretary's 
office  seventeen  days  at  least  before  the  said  first 
Wednesday  in  January;  or  the  selectmen  may  cause 
returns  of  the  same  to  be  made  to  the  office  of  the 

I5h 


]  14  Constitution  oj  Massachusetts. 

secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  seventeen  days  at 
least  before  the  said  day  ;  and  the  secretary  shall 
lay  the  same  hefore  the  senate  and  the  house  of 
representatives,  on  the  first  Wednesday  in  January, 
to  he  by  them  examined  ;  and  in  case  of  an  elec- 
tion by  a  majority  of  all  the  votes  returned,  the 
choice  shall  be  by  them  declared  and  published; 
but  if  no  person  shall  have  a  majority  of  votes,  the 
house  of  representatives  shall,  by  ballot,  elect  two 
out  of  four  persons  who  had  the  highest  number 
of  votes,  if  so  many  shall  have  been  voted  for;  but, 
if  otherwise,  out  of  the  number  voted  for;  and 
make  return  to  the  senate  of  the  two  persons  so 
elected  ;  on  which,  the  senate  shall  proceed,  by 
ballot,  to  elect  one,  who  shall  be  declared  governor. 

IV.  The  governor  shall  have  authority,  from 
time  to  time,  at  his  discretion,  to  assemble  and  call 
together  the  counsellors  of  this  Commonwealth  for 
the  time  being  ;  and  the  governor,  with  the  said 
counsellors,  or  five  of  them  at  least,  shall  and  may, 
from  time  to  time,  hold  and  keep  a  council,  for  the 
ordering  and  directing  the  affairs  of  the  Common- 
wealth, agreeably  to  the  constitution  and  the  laws 
of  the  land. 

V.  The  governor,  with  advice  of  council,  shall 
have  full  power  and  authority,  during  the  session  of 
the  general  court,  to  adjourn  or  prorogue  the  same 
to  any  time  the  two  houses  shall  desire  ;  and  to  dis- 
solve the  same  on  the  day  next  preceding  the  first 
Wednesday  in  January;  and,  in  the  recess  of  the 
said  court,  to  prorogue  the  same  from  time  to  time, 
not  exceeding  ninety  days  in  any  one  recess;  and 
to  call  it  together  sooner  than  the  time  to  which  it 
may  be  adjourned  or  prorogued,  if  the  welfare  of 
the   Commonwealth  shall  require  the  same;  and  in 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  1  15 

case  of  any  infectious  distemper  prevailing  in  the 
place  where  the  said  court  is  next  at  any  time  to 
convene,  or  any  other  cause  happening,  whereby 
danger  may  arise  to  the  health  or  lives  of  the  mem- 
bers from  their  attendance,  he  may  direct  the  ses- 
sion to  he  held  at  some  other  the  most  convenient 
place  within  the  state.  And  the  general  court  shall 
be  dissolved  on  the  day  next  preceding  the  first 
Wednesday  of  January,  without  any  proclamation 
or  other  act  of  the  governor. 

VI.  In  cases. of  disagreement  between  the  two 
houses,  with  regard  to  the  necessity,  expediency,  or 
time  of  adjournment  or  prorogation,  the  governor, 
with  advice  of  the  council,  shall  have  a  right  to 
adjourn  or  prorogue  the  general  court,  not  exceed- 
ing ninety  days,  as  he  shall  determine  the  public 
good  shall  require. 

VII.  The  governor  of  this  Commonwealth,  for 
the  time  being,  shall  be  the  commander  in  chief  of 
the  army  and  navy,  and  of  all  the  military  forces  of 
the  state,  by  sea  and  land ;  and  shall  have  full 
power,  by  himself,  or  by  any  commander,  or  other 
officer  or  officers,  from  time  to  time,  to  train,  in- 
struct, exercise  and  govern  the  militia  and  navy  ; 
and,  for  the  special  defence  and  safety  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, to  assemble  in  martial  array,  and  put 
in  warlike  posture,  the  inhabitants  thereof,  and  to 
lead  and  conduct  them,  and  with  them  to  encoun- 
ter, repel,  resist,  expel  and  pursue,  by  force  of  arms, 
as  well  by  sea  as  by  land,  within  or  without  the 
limits  of  this  Commonwealth,  and  also  to  kill,  slay 
and  destroy,  if  necessary,  and  conquer,  by  all  fitting 
ways,  enterprises  and  means  whatsoever,  all  and 
every  such  person  and  persons  as  shall,  at  any  time 
hereafter,  in  a  hostile  manner,  attempt  or  enterprise 


110  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

the  destruction,  invasion,  detriment,  or  annoyance 
of  this  Commonwealth  ;  and  to  use  and  exercise, 
over  the  army  and  navy,  and  over  the  militia  in 
actual  service,  the  law  martial,  in  time  of  war  or 
invasion,  and  also  in  time  of  rebellion,  declared  by 
the  legislature  to  exist,  as  occasion  shall  necessarily 
require  ;  and  to  take  and  surprise,  by  all  ways  and 
means  whatsoever,  all  and  every  such  person  or 
persons,  with  their  ships,  arms,  ammunition  and 
other  goods,  as  shall,  in  a  hostile  manner,  invade, 
or  attempt  the  invading,  conquering,  or  annoying 
this  Commonwealth  ;  and  that  the  governor  be  in- 
trusted with  all  these  and  other  powers,  incident  to 
the  offices  of  captain  general  and  commander  in 
chief,  and  admiral,  to  be  exercised  agreeably  to  the 
rules  and  regulations  of  the  constitution,  and  the 
laws  of  the  land,  and  not  otherwise. 

Provided,  that  the  said  governor  shall  not,  at  any 
time  hereafter,  by  virtue  of  any  power  by  this  con- 
stitution granted,  or  hereafter  to  be  granted  to  him 
by  the  legislature,  transport  any  of  the  inhabitants 
of  this  Commonwealth,  or  oblige  them  to  march 
out  of  the  limits  of  the  same,  without  their  free 
and  voluntary  consent,  or  the  consent  of  the  gen- 
eral court ;  except  so  far  as  may  be  necessary  to 
march  or  transport  them  by  land  or  water,  for  the 
defence  of  such  part  of  the  state  to  which  they 
cannot  otherwise  conveniently  have  access. 

VIII.  The  power  of  pardoning  offences,  except 
such  as  persons  may  be  convicted  of  before  the 
senate,  by  an  impeachment  of  the  house,  shall  be 
in  the  governor,  by  and  with  the  advice  of  council ; 
but  no  charter  of  pardon,  granted  by  the  governor, 
with  advice  of  the  council,  before  conviction,  shall 
avail  the  party  pleading  the  same,  notwithstanding 
any    senernl    or    particular    expressions    contained 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  1 17 

therein,  descriptive  of  the   offence   or  offences  in- 
tended to  be  pardoned. 

IX.  All  judicial  officers,  the  attorney  general, 
the  solicitor  general,  all  sheriffs,  coroners,  and 
registers  of  probate,  shall  be  nominated  and  ap- 
pointed by  the  governor,  by  and  with  the  advice 
and  consent  of  the  council  ;  and  every  such  nomi- 
nation shall  be  made  by  the  governor,  and  made  at 
least  seven  days  prior  to  such  appointment. 

Notaries  public  shall  be  appointed  by  the  gov- 
ernor, in  the  same  manner  as  judicial  officers  are 
appointed,  and  shall  hold  their  offices  during  seven 
years,  unless  sooner  removed  by  the  governor,  with 
the  consent  of  the  council,  upon  the  address  of 
both  houses  of  the  legislature. 

X.  The  captains  and  subalterns  of  the  militia 
shall  be  elected  by  the  written  votes  of  all  the  mem- 
bers of  their  respective  companies,  as  well  those 
under  as  those  above  the  age  of  twenty-one  years ; 
the  field  officers  of  regiments  shall  be  elected  by 
the  written  votes  of  the  captains  and  subalterns  of 
their  respective  regiments  ;  the  brigadiers  shall  be 
elected,  in  like  manner,  by  the  field  officers  of  their 
respective  brigades ;  and  such  officers,  so  elected, 
shall  be  commissioned  by  the  governor,  who  shall 
determine  their  rank. 

The  Legislature  shall,  by  standing  laws,  direct 
the  time  and  manner  of  convening  the  electors, 
and  of  collecting  votes,  and  of  certifying  to  the 
governor  the  officers  elected. 

The  major  generals  shall  be  appointed  by  the 
senate  and  house  of  representatives,  each  having  a 
negative  upon  the  other  ;  and  be  commissioned  by 
the  governor. 

And   if  the   electors  of  brigadiers,  field  officers, 


1 18  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

captains  or  subalterns,  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  make 
such  elections,  after  being  duly  notified,  according 
to  the  laws  for  the  time  being,  then  the  governor, 
with  advice  of  council,  shall  appoint  suitable  per- 
sons to  fill  such  offices. 

And  no  officer,  duly  commissioned  to  command 
in  the  militia,  shall  be  removed  from  his  office  but 
by  the  address  of  both  houses  to  the  governor,  or 
by  fair  trial  in  court  martial,  pursuant  to  the  laws 
of  the  Commonwealth  for  the  time  being. 

The  commanding  officers  of  regiments  shall  ap- 
point their  adjutants  and  quarter  masters ;  the 
brigadiers  their  brigade  majors ;  and  the  major 
generals  their  aids ;  and  the  governor  shall  appoint 
the  adjutant  general. 

Whenever  the  exigencies  of  the  Commonwealth 
shall  require  the  appointment  of  a  commissary  gen- 
eral, he  shall  be  nominated,  appointed  and  commis- 
sioned, in  such  manner  as  the  legislature  may,  by 
law,  prescribe. 

All  officers  commissioned  to  command  in  the 
militia,  may  be  removed  from  office  in  such  manner 
as  the  legislature  may,  by  law,  prescribe. 

XI.  No  moneys  shall  be  issued  out  of  the  treas- 
ury of  this  Commonwealth,  and  disposed  of,  (ex- 
cept such  sums  as  may  be  appropriated  for  the  re- 
demption of  bills  of  credit  or  treasurer's  notes,  or 
for  the  payment  of  interest  arising  thereon,)  but  by 
warrant  under  the  hand  of  the  governor  for  the  time 
being,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  council, 
for  the  necessary  defence  and  support  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, and  for  the  protection  and  preservation 
of  the  inhabitants  thereof,  agreeably  to  the  acts 
and  resolves  of  the  general  court. 

XTT.     All  public  boards,  the  commissary  general, 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  110 

all  superintending  officers  of  public  magaziues  and 
stores,  belonging  to  this  Commonwealth,  and  all 
commanding  officers  of  forts  and  garrisons  within 
the  same,  shall,  once  in  every  three  months,  offi- 
cially and  without  requisition,  and  at  other  times, 
when  required  by  the  governor,  deliver  to  him  an 
account  of  all  goods,  stores,  provisions,  ammuni- 
tion, cannon  with  their  appendages,  and  small  arms 
with  their  accoutrements,  and  of  all  other  public 
property  whatever  under  their  care  respectively  ; 
distinguishing  the  quantity,  number,  quality  and 
kind  of  each,  as  particularly  as  may  be  ;  together 
with  the  condition  of  such  forts  and  garrisons  ;  and 
the  said  commanding  officer  shall  exhibit  to  the 
governor,  when  required  by  him,  true  and  exact 
plans  of  such  forts,  and  of  the  land  and  sea,  or 
harbor  or  harbors,  adjacent. 

And  the  said  boards,  and  all  public  officers,  shall 
communicate  to  the  governor  as  soon  as  may  be 
after  receiving  the  same,  all  letters,  despatches,  and 
intelligences  of  a  public  nature,  which  shall  be 
directed  to  them  respectively. 

XIII.  As  the  public  good  requires  that  the 
governor  should  not  be  under  the  undue  influence 
of  any  of  the  members  of  the  general  court,  by  a 
dependence  on  them  for  his  support, — that  he 
should,  in  all  cases,  act  with  freedom  for  the  benefit 
of  the  public, — that  he  should  not  have  his  atten- 
tion necessarily  diverted  from  that  object  to  his 
private  concerns, — and  that  he  should  maintain  the 
dignity  of  the  Commonwealth  in  the  character  of 
its  chief  magistrate, — it  is  necessary  that  he  should 
have  an  honorable  stated  salary,  of  a  fixed  and  per- 
manent value,  amply  sufficient  for  those  purposes, 
and  established  by  standing  laws;  and  it  shall  be 
among  the  first  acts  of  the  general   court,  after  the 


120  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

commencement  of  this  constitution,  to  establish 
such  salary  by  law  accordingly. 

Permanent  and  honorable  salaries  shall  also  be 
established  by  law  for  the  justices  of  the  supreme 
judicial  court. 

And  if  it  shall  be  found  that  any  of  the  salaries 
aforesaid,  so  established,  are  insufficient,  they  shall, 
from  time  to  time,  be  enlarged,  as  the  general  court 
shall  judge  proper. 


CHAPTER    II. 

SECTION    II. 

Lieutenant  Governor. 

Art.  I.  There  shall  be  annually  elected  a  lieu- 
tenant governor  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massa- 
chusetts, whose  title  shall  be  HIS  HONOR,  and 
who  shall  be  qualified,  in  point  of  property  and 
residence  in  the  Commonwealth,  in  the  same  man- 
ner with  the  governor ;  and  the  day  and  manner  of 
his  election,  and  the  qualifications  of  the  electors, 
shall  be  the  same  as  are  required  in  the  election  of 
a  governor.  The  return  of  the  votes  for  this  offi- 
cer, and  the  declaration  of  his  election,  shall  be  in 
the  same  manner ;  and  if  no  one  person  shall  be 
found  to  have  a  majority  of  all  the  votes  returned, 
the  vacancy  shall  be  filled  by  the  senate  and  house 
of  representatives,  in  the  same  manner  as  the  gov- 
ernor is  to  be  elected,  in  case  no  one  person  shall 
have  a  majority  of  the  votes  of  the  people  to  be 
governor. 

The  lieutenant  governor  shall  hold  his  office  for 
one  year  next  following  the  first  Wednesday  of 
January,  and  until  another  is  chosen  and  qualified 
in  his  stead. 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  121 

II.  The  governor,  and  in  his  absence  the  lieu- 
tenant governor,  shall  be  president  of  the  council, 
but  shall  have  no  vote  in  council  ;  and  the  lieuten- 
ant governor  shall  always  be  a  member  of  the 
council,  except  when  the  chair  of  the  governor 
shall  be  vacant. 

III.  Whenever  the  chair  of  the  governor  shall 
be  vacant,  by  reason  of  his  death,  or  absence  from 
the  Commonwealth,  or  otherwise,  the  lieutenant 
governor  for  the  time  being  shall,  during  such  va- 
cancy, perform  all  the  duties  incumbent  upon  the 
governor,  and  shall  have  and  exercise  all  the  powers 
and  authorities  which,  by  this  constitution,  the  gov- 
ernor is  vested  with,  when  personally  present. 


CHAPTER   II. 

SECTION    III. 

Council,  and  the   Manner  of  Settling  Elections,  by 
the  Legislature. 

Art.  I.  There  shall  be  a  council  for  advising 
the  governor  in  the  executive  part  of  the  govern- 
ment, to  consist  of  nine  persons  besides  the  lieu- 
tenant governor,  whom  the  governor  for  the  time 
being  shall  have  full  power  and  authority,  from 
time  to  time,  at  his  discretion,  to  assemble  and  call 
together;  and  the  governor,  with  the  said  counsel- 
lors, or  five  of  them  at  least,  shall  and  may,  from 
time  to  time,  hold  and  keep  a  council,  for  the  or- 
dering and  directing  the  affairs  of  the  Common- 
wealth, according  to  the  laws  of  the  land. 

II.     Nine  counsellors  shall   be  annually   chosen 
from  among  the  people  at  large,  on  the  first  Wednes- 
day of  January,  or  as  soon  thereafter  as  mav  be,  by 
16h 


i'2,2  Constitution  a/Massachusetts. 

the  joint  ballot  of  the  senators  and  representatives, 
assembled  in  one  room,  who  shall,  as  soon  as  may 
be,  in  like  manner,  fill  up  any  vacancies  that  may 
happen  in  the  council,  by  death,  resignation,  or 
otherwise.  No  person  shall  be  elected  a  counsellor 
who  has  not  been  an  inhabitant  of  this  Common- 
wealth, for  the  term  of  five  years  immediately  pre- 
ceding his  election  ;  and  no  possession  of  a  free- 
hold, or  of  any  other  estate,  shall  be  required  as  a 
qualification  for  holding  a  seat  in  the  council. 

The  counsellors  shall  hold  their  respective  offices 
for  one  year  next  following  the  first  Wednesday  of 
January,  and  until  others  are  chosen  and  qualified 
in  their  stead. 

III.  The  counsellors,  in  the  civil  arrangements 
of  the  Commonwealth,  shall  have  rank  next  after 
the  lieutenant  governor. 

IV.  Not  more  than  one  counsellor  shall  be 
chosen  from  any  one  senatorial  district  of  this 
Commonwealth. 

V.  The  resolutions  and  advice  of  the  council 
shall  be  recorded  in  a  register,  and  signed  by  the 
members  present ;  and  this  record  may  be  called 
for  at  any  time  by  either  house  of  the  legislature  ; 
and  any  member  of  the  council  may  insert  his 
opinion  contrary  to  the  resolution  of  the  majority. 

VI.  Whenever  the  office  of  the  governor  and 
lieutenant  governor  shall  be  vacant,  by  reason  of 
death,  absence,  or  otherwise,  then  the  council,  or 
the  major  part  of  them,  shall,  during  such  vacancy, 
have  full  power  and  authority  to  do  and  execute  all 
and  every  such  acts,  matters  and  things,  as  the 
governor  or  the  lieutenant  governor  might  or  could 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  12%3 

by  virtue  of  this  constitution,  do  or  execute,  if  they, 
or  either  of  them,  were  personally  present. 

VIE.  And  whereas  the  elections  appointed  to  be 
made  by  this  constitution,  on  the  first  Wednesday 
in  January  annually,  by  the  two  houses  of  the  leg- 
islature, may  not  be  completed  on  that  day,  the 
said  elections  may  be  adjourned  from  day  to  day 
until  the  same  shall  be  completed.  And  the  order 
of  elections  shall  be  as  follows:  the  vacancies  in 
the  senate,  if  any,  shall  first  be  filled  up  ;  the  gov- 
ernor and  lieutenant  governor  shall  then  be  elected, 
provided  there  should  be  no  choice  of  them  by  the 
people  ;  and  afterwards  the  two  houses  shaM  pro- 
ceed to  the  election  of  the  council. 


CHAPTER   II. 

SECTION  IV. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Art.  I.  The  secretary,  and  treasurer  and  re- 
ceiver general,  shall  be  chosen  annually,  by  joint 
ballot  of  the  senators  and  representatives  in  one 
room  ;  and,  that  the  citizens  of  this  Commonwealth 
may  be  assured,  from  time  to  time,  that  the  moneys 
remaining  in  the  public  treasury,  upon  the  settle- 
ment and  liquidation  of  the  public  accounts,  are 
their  property,  no  man  shall  be  eligible  as  treasurer 
and  receiver  general  more  than  five  years  succes- 
sively. 

In  case  the  office  of  secretary  or  treasurer  of  the 
Commonwealth  shall  become  vacant  from  any  cause 
during  the  recess  of  the  general  court,  the  gover- 
nor, with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  council, 
shall  nominate  and  appoint,  under  such  regulations 
as  may  be  prescribed   by  law,  a  competent  and  suit- 


124  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

able  person  to  such  vacant  office,  who  shall  hold 
the  same  until  a  successor  shall  be  appointed  by 
the  general  court. 

II.  The  records  of  the  Commonwealth  shall  be 
kept  in  the  office  of  the  secretary,  who  may  appoint 
his  deputies,  for  whose  conduct  he  shall  be  account- 
able, and  he  shall  attend  the  governor  and  council, 
the  senate  and  house  of  representatives,  in  person, 
or  by  his  deputies,  as  they  shall  respectively  require. 


CHAPTER    III. 

Judiciary  Poiocr. 

Art.  I.  The  tenure  that  all  commissioned  offi- 
cers shall,  by  law,  have  in  their  offices,  shall  be  ex- 
pressed in  their  respective  commissions.  All  judi- 
cial officers,  duly  appointed,  commissioned  and 
sworn,  shall  hold  their  offices  during  good  behavior, 
excepting  such  concerning  whom  there  is  different 
provision  made  in  this  constitution  :  provided,  nev- 
ertheless, the  governor,  with  consent  of  the  council, 
may  remove  them  upon  the  address  of  both  houses 
of  the  legislature. 

II.  Each  branch  of  the  legislature,  as  well  as 
the  governor  and  council,  shall  have  authority  to 
require  the  opinions  of  the  justices  of  the  supreme 
judicial  court,  upon  important  questions  of  law, 
and  upon  solemn  occasions. 

III.  In  order  that  the  people  may  not  suffer 
from  the  long  continuance  in  place  of  any  justice 
of  the  peace,  who  shall  fail  of  discharging  the  im- 
portant duties  of  his  office  with  ability  or  fidelity, 
all  commissions  of  justices  of  the  peace  shall  expire 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  125 

and  become  void,  in  the  term  of  seven  years  from 
their  respective  dates;  and,  upon  the  expiration  of 
any  commission,  the  same  may,  if  necessary,  be 
renewed,  or  another  person  appointed,  as  shall  most 
conduce  to  the  well  being  of  the  Commonwealth. 

IV.  The  judges  of  probate  of  wills,  and  for 
granting  letters  of  administration,  shall  hold  their 
courts  at  such  place  or  places,  on  fixed  days,  as  the 
convenience  of  the  people  shall  require  ;  and  the 
legislature  shall  from  time  to  time  hereafter  appoint 
such  times  and  places;  until  which  appointments, 
the  said  courts  shall  be  holden  at  the  times  and 
places  which  the  respective  judges  shall  direct. 

V.  All  causes  of  marriage,  divorce  and  alimony, 
and  all  appeals  from  the  judges  of  probate,  shall  be 
heard  and  determined  by  the  governor  and  council, 
until  the  legislature  shall,  by  law,  make  other  pro- 
vision. 


CHAPTER   IV. 

Delegates  to  Congress. 

[The  provisions  of  this  chapter  were  entirely  annulled   by  the 
adoption  of  the  constitution  of  the  United  States.] 


CHAPTER   V. 

The  University  at   Cambridge,  and  Encouragement 
of  Literature,  fyc. 

SECTION  I. 

The  University. 

Art.  I.     Whereas  our  wise  and  pious  ancestors 
so  early  a«  the  year  one  thousand   six   hundred  and 


126  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

thirty-six,  laid  the  foundation  of  Harvard  College, 
in  which  university  many  persons  of  great  emi- 
nence have,  by  the  blessing  of  GOD,  been  initiated 
in  those  arts  and  sciences,  which  qualified  them  for 
public  employments,  both  in  church  and  state ;  and 
whereas  the  encouragement  of  arts  and  sciences, 
and  all  good  literature,  tends  to  the  honor  of  GOD, 
the  advantage  of  the  Christian  religion,  and  the 
great  benefit  of  this,  and  the  other  United  States  of 
America — it  is  declared,  that  the  PRESIDENT 
and  FELLOWS  of  HARVARD  COLLEGE,  in 
their  corporate  capacity,  and  their  successors  in 
that  capacity,  their  officers  and  servants,  shall  have, 
hold,  use,  exercise  and  enjoy,  all  the  powers,  au- 
thorities, rights,  liberties,  privileges,  immunities 
and  franchises,  which  they  now  have,  or  are  entitlec' 
to  have,  hold,  use,  exercise  and  enjoy;  and  the 
same  are  hereby  ratified  and  confirmed  unto  them, 
the  said  president  and  fellows  of  Harvard  College, 
and  to  their  officers  and  servants,  respectively,  for- 
ever. 

II.  And  whereas  there  have  been,  at  sundry 
times,  by  divers  persons,  gifts,  grants,  devises  of 
houses,  lands,  tenements,  goods,  chattels,  legacies 
and  conveyances,  heretofore  made,  either  to  Har- 
vard College  in  Cambridge,  in  New  England,  or  to 
the  president  and  fellows  of  Harvard  College,  or  to 
the  said  college,  by  some  other  description,  under 
several  charters  successively;  it  is  declared,  that  all 
the  said  gifts,  grants,  devises,  legacies  and  convey- 
ances, are  hereby  forever  confirmed  unto  the  presi- 
dent and  fellows  of  Harvard  College,  and  to  their 
successors,  in  the  capacity  aforesaid,  according  to 
the  true  intent  and  meaning  of  the  donor  or  donors, 
grantor  or  grantors,  devisor  or  devisors. 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  1'27 

III.  And  whereas,  by  an  act  of  the  general  coutt 
of  the  colony  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  passed  in  the 
year  one  thousand  six  hundred  and  forty-two,  the 
governor  and  deputy  governor,  for  the  time  being, 
and  all  the  magistrates  of  that  jurisdiction,  were, 
with  the  president,  and  a  number  of  the  clergy  in 
the  said  act  described,  constituted  the  overseers  of 
Harvard  College  ;  and  it  being  necessary,  in  this 
new  constitution  of  government,  to  ascertain  who 
shall  be  deemed  successors  to  the  said  governor, 
deputy  governor,  and  magistrates ;  it  is  declared, 
that  the  governor,  lieutenant  governor,  council  and 
senate  of  this  Commonwealth,  are,  and  shall  be 
deemed,  their  successors ;  who,  with  the  president 
of  Harvard  College  for  the  time  being,  together 
with  the  ministers  of  the  congregational  churches 
in  the  towns  of  Cambridge,  Watertown,  Charles- 
town,  Boston,  Roxbury,  and  Dorchester,  mentioned 
in  the  said  act,  shall  be,  and  hereby  are,  vested 
with  all  the  powers  and  authority  belonging,  or  in 
any  way  appertaining,  to  the  overseers  of  Harvard 
College ;  Provided,  that  nothing  herein  shall  be 
construed  to  prevent  the  legislature  of  this  Com- 
monwealth from  making  such  alterations  in  the 
government  of  the  said  university,  as  shall  be  con- 
ducive to  its  advantage,  and  the  interest  of  the  re- 
public  of  letters,  in  as  full  a  manner  as  might  have 
been  done  by  the  legislature  of  the  late  province  of 
the  Massachusetts  Bay. 


CHAPTER    V. 

SECTION    II. 

The  Encouragement  of  Literature,  fyc. 

Wisdom   and   knowledge,  as  well    as  virtue,  dif- 
used  gene/ally  among  the  body  of  the  people,  being 


128  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

necessary  for  the  preservation  of  their  rights  and 
liberties  ;  and  as  these  depend  on  spreading  the  op- 
portunities and  advantages  of  education  in  the  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  country,  and  among  the  different 
orders  of  the  people,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  legisla- 
tures and  magistrates,  in  all  future  periods  of  this 
Commonwealth,  to  cherish  the  interests  of  literature 
and  the  sciences,  and  all  seminaries  of  them  ;  espe- 
cially the  university  at  Cambridge,  public  schools, 
and  grammar  schools  in  the  towns ;  to  encourage 
private  societies  and  public  institutions,  rewards 
and  immunities,  for  the  promotion  of  agriculture, 
arts,  sciences,  commerce,  trades,  manufactures,  and 
a  natural  history  of  the  country;  to  countenance 
and  inculcate  the  principles  of  humanity  and  gen- 
eral benevolence,  public  and  private  charity,  indus- 
try and  frugality,  honesty  and  punctuality  in  their 
dealings ;  sincerity,  good  humor,  and  all  social 
affections,  and  generous  sentiments  among  the  peo- 
ple. 


CHAPTER   VI. 

Oaths  and  Subscriptions ;  Incompatibility  of  and 
Exclusion  from  Offices ;  Pecuniary  Qualifica- 
tions ;  Commissions ;  Writs ;  Confirmation  of 
Laios  ;  Habeas  Corpus ;  The  Enacting  Style  ; 
Qualifications  of  Voters  ;  Provision  for  Amend- 
ments of  the  Constitution ;  Enrolment  of  the 
Constitution. 

Art.  I.  Every  person  chosen  or  appointed  to 
any  office,  civil  or  military,  under  the  government 
of  this  Commonwealth,  shall,  before  entering  on 
the  duties  of  his  office,  take  and  subscribe  the  fol- 
lowing oaths,  to  wit : 

"1,A.   B.,  do  solemnly  swear,  that  1   will  bear 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  129 

true  faith  and  allegiance  to  the  Commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts,  and  will  support  the  constitution 
thereof.     So  help  me  God." 

"  I,  A.  B.,  do  solemnly  swear  and  affirm,  that  I 
will  faithfully  and  impartially  discharge  and  perform 
all  the  duties  incumbent  on  me  as  [here  insert  the 
office]  according  to  the  best  of  my  abilities  and 
understanding,  agreeably  to  the  rules  and  regula- 
tions of  the  constitution,  and  the  laws  of  the  Com- 
monwealth.    So  help  me  God." 

Provided  always,  that  when  any  person,  chosen 
or  appointed  as  aforesaid,  shall  be  of  the  denomina- 
tion of  the  people  called  Quakers,  and  shall  decline 
taking  the  said  oaths,  he  shall  make  his  affirmation 
in  the  foregoing  form,  and  subscribe  the  same, 
omitting  the  word  "  swear,"  and  inserting  the  word 
"  affirm"  instead  thereof,  in  the  first  oath  ;  and,  in 
the  second  oath,  the  words  "swear  and;"  and  in 
each  of  them  the  words,  "  So  help  me  GOD;"  sub- 
joining instead  thereof,  "  This  I  do  under  the  pains 
and  penalties  of  perjury  " 

And  the  said  oaths  or  affirmations  shall  be  taken 
and  subscribed  by  the  governor,  lieutenant  governor, 
and  counsellors,  before  the  president  of  the  senate, 
in  the  presence  of  the  two  houses  of  assembly;  by 
the  senators  and  representatives  before  the  governor 
and  council  for  the  time  being  ;  and  by  the  residue 
of  the  officers  aforesaid,  before  such  persons,  and 
in  such  manner,  as  from  time  to  time  shall  be  pre- 
scribed by  the  legislature. 

No  oath,  declaration  or  subscription,  excepting 
the  oaths  above  prescribed,  shall  be  required  of  the 
governor,  lieutenant  governor,  counsellors,  senators, 
or  representatives,  to  qualify  them  to  perform  the 
duties  of  their  respective  offices. 

II.     No'governor,  lieutenant  governor,  or  judge 
17h 


130  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

of  the  supreme  judicial  court,  shall  hold  any  other 
office  or  place,  under  the  authority  of  this  Com- 
monwealth, except  such  as  by  this  constitution  they 
are  admitted  to  hold,  saving  that  the  judges  of  the 
said  court  may  hold  the  offices  of  justices  of  the 
peace  through  the  state ;  nor  shall  they  hold  any 
other  place  or  office,  or  receive  any  pension  or  sala- 
ry from  any  other  state,  or  government,  or  power 
whatever. 

No  person  shall  be  capable  of  holding  or  exercis- 
ing, at  the  same  time,  within  this  state,  more  than 
one  of  the  following  offices,  viz.:  judge  of  pro- 
bate, sheriff,  register  of  probate,  or  register  of 
deeds ;  and  never  more  than  any  two  offices, 
which  are  to  be  held  by  appointment  of  the  gov- 
ernor, or  the  governor  and  council,  or  the  sen- 
ate, or  the  house  of  representatives,  or  by  the 
election  of  the  people  of  the  state  at  large,  or 
of  the  people  of  any  county,  military  offices,  and 
the  offices  of  justices  of  the  peace  excepted,  shall 
be  held  by  one  person. 

No  person  holding  the  office  of  judge  of  the  su- 
preme judicial  court,  secretary,  attorney  general, 
solicitor  general,  treasurer  or  receiver  general,  judge 
of  probate,  commissary  general,  president,  profess- 
or or  instructor  of  Harvard  College,  sheriff,  clerk  of 
the  house  of  representatives,  register  of  probate, 
register  of  deeds,  clerk  of  the  supreme  judicial 
court,  clerk  of  the  inferior  court  of  common  pleas, 
or  officer  of  the  customs,  including,  in  this  descrip- 
tion, naval  officers,  shall  at  the  same  time  have  a 
seat  in  the  senate  or  house  of  representatives ;  but 
their  being  chosen  or  appointed  to,  and  accepting 
the  same,  shall  operate  as  a  resignation  of  their  seat 
in  the  senate  or  house  rt  representatives;  and  the 
place  so  vacated  shall    be  L.led  up. 

And  the  same  rule  shall   take  place  in  case  any 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts  131 

judge  of  the  said  supreme  judicial  court,  or  judge 
of  probate,  shall  accept  a  seat  in  council ;  or  any 
counsellor  shall  accept  of  either  of  those  offices  or 
places. 

No  judge  of  any  couit  of  this  Commonwealth, 
(except  the  court  of  sessions,)  and  no  person  hold- 
ing any  office  under  the  authority  of  the  United 
States,  (postmasters  excepted,)  shall,  at  the  same 
time,  hold  the  office  of  governor,  lieutenant  gover- 
nor, or  counsellor,  or  have  a  seat  in  the  senate,  or 
house  of  representatives  of  this  Commonwealth  ; 
and  no  judge  of  any  court  in  this  Commonwealth, 
(except  the  court  of  sessions,)  nor  the  attorney 
general,  solicitor  general,  county  attorney,  clerk  of 
any  court,  sheriff,  treasurer  and  receiver  general, 
register  of  probate  nor  register  of  deeds,  shall  con- 
tinue to  hold  his  said  office  after  being  elected  a 
member  of  the  congress  of  the  United  States,  and 
accepting  that  trust ;  but  the  acceptance  of  such 
trust,  by  any  of  the  officers  aforesaid,  shall  be  deemed 
and  taken  to  be  a  resignation  of  his  said  office  ; 
and  judges  of  the  courts  of  common  pleas  shall 
hold  no  other  office  under  the  government  of  this 
Commonwealth,  the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace 
and  militia  offices  excepted. 

And  no  person  shall  ever  be  admitted  to  hold  a 
seat  in  the  legislature,  or  any  office  of  trust  or  im- 
portance under  the  government  of  this  Common- 
wealth, who  shall,  in  the  due  course  of  law,  have 
been  convicted  of  bribery  or  corruption,  in  obtain- 
ing an  election  or  appointment. 

III.  In  all  cases,  where  sums  of  money  are 
mentioned  in  this  constitution,  the  value  thereof 
shall  be  computed  in  silver,  at  six  shillings  and 
eight  pence  per  ounce;  and  it  shall  be  in  the  power 
of  the  legislature,  from   time  to  time,  to   increase 


132  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

0 

such  qualifications,  as  to  property,  of  the  persons 
to  be  elected  to  offices,  as  the  circumstances  of  the 
Commonwealth  shall  require. 

IV.  All  commissions  shall  be  in  the  name  of 
the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  signed  by  the 
governor,  and  attested  by  the  secretary  or  his 
deputy,  and  have  the  great  seal  of  the  Common- 
wealth affixed  thereto. 

V.  All  writs,  issuing  out  of  the  clerk's  office  in 
any  of  the  courts  of  law,  shall  be  in  the  name  of 
the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  ;  they  shall  be 
under  the  seal  of  the  court  from  whence  they  issue; 
they  shall  bear  test  of  the  first  justice  of  the  court 
to  which  they  shall  be  returnable,  who  is  not  a 
party,  and  be  signed  by  the  clerk  of  such  court. 

VI.  All  the  laws,  which  have  heretofore  been 
adopted,  used,  and  approved  in  the  province,  colony 
or  state  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  usually  prac- 
tised on  in  the  courts  of  law,  shall  still  remain  and 
be  in  full  force  until  altered  or  repealed  by  the  leg- 
islature ;  such  parts  only  excepted  as  are  repugnant 
to  the  rights  and  liberties  contained  in  this  consti- 
tution. 

VII.  The  privilege  and  benefit  of  the  writ  of 
habeas  corpus  shall  be  enjoyed  in  this  Common- 
wealth in  the  most  free,  easy,  cheap,  expeditious 
and  ample  manner  ;  and  shall  not  be  suspended  by 
the  legislature,  except  upon  the  most  urgent  and 
pressing  occasions,  and  for  a  limited  time,  not  ex- 
ceeding twelve  months. 

VIII.  The  enacting  style,  in  making  and  pass- 
ing all   acts,  statutes  and   laws,  shall   be — "  Be   it 


Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  133 

enacted  by  the.  senate  and  house  of  representatives, 
in  general  court  assembled,  and  by  the  authority 
of  the  same." 

IX.  Every  male  citizen,  of  twenty-one  years  of 
age  and  upwards,  (excepting  paupers  and  persons 
under  guardianship,)  who  shall  have  resided  within 
the  Commonwealth  one  year,  and  within  the  town 
or  district,  in  which  he  may  claim  a  right  to  vote, 
six  calendar  months  next  preceding  any  election  of 
governor,  lieutenant  governor,  or  senators  or  repre- 
sentatives, and  who  shall  have  paid,  by  himself  or 
his  parent,  master  or  guardian,  any  state  or  county 
tax,  which  shall,  within  two  years  next  preceding 
such  election,  have  been  assessed  upon  him,  in  any 
town  or  district  of  ih\%  Commonwealth  ;  and  also 
every  citizen  who  shall  .be  by  law  exempted  from 
taxation,  and  who  shall  be  in  all  other  respects 
qualified  as  above  mentioned,  shall  have  a  right  to 
vote  in  such  election  of  governor,  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor, senators  and  representatives ;  and  no  other 
person  shall  be  entitled  to  vote  in  such  elections. 

X.  If,  at  any  time  hereafter,  any  specific  and 
particular  amendment  or  amendments  to  the  con- 
stitution be  proposed  in  the  general  court,  and 
agreed  to  by  a  majority  of  the  senators  and  two 
thirds  of  the  members  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives present  and  voting  thereon,  such  proposed 
amendment  or  amendments  shall  be  entered  on  the 
journals  of  the  two  houses,  with  the  yeas  and  nays 
taken  thereon,  and  referred  to  the  general  court 
then  next  to  be  chosen,  and  shall  be  published  ;  and 
if,  in  the  general  court  next  chosen,  as  aforesaid, 
such  proposed  amendment  or  amendments  shall  be 
agreed  tp  by  a  majority  of  the  senators  and  two 
thirds  of  the  members  of  the  house  of  representa- 


134  Constitution  of  Massachusetts. 

tives  present  and  voting  thereon  ;  then  it  shall  be  the 
duty  of  the  general  court  to  submit  such  proposed 
amendment  or  amendments  to  the  people;  and  if 
they  shall  be  approved  and  ratified  by  a  majority  of 
the  qualified  voters,  voting  thereon,  at  meetings 
legally  warned  and  holden  for  that  purpose,  they 
shall  become  part  of  the  constitution  of  this  Com- 
monwealth. 

XL  This  form  of  government  shall  be  enrolled 
on  parchment,  and  deposited  in  the  secretary's 
office,  and  be  a  part  of  the  laws  of  the  land  ;  and 
printed  copies  thereof  shall  be  prefixed  to  the  book 
containing  the  laws  of  this  Commonwealth,  in  all 
future  editions  of  the  said  laws. 


INDEX  TO  THE  RULES  AND  ORDERS. 


Absence, 

8,  15 

Accounts, 

7 

Adjourn,  motion  to, 

5 

Amend,  motion  to,    . 

4 

Amendment, 

5,  9,  10,  14 

Appeal, 

3 

Attendance, 

8 

Ballot, 

15 

Bills, 

.       12,  13,  14,  15 

Breach  of  rules, 

8 

Call  to  order, 

3,6 

Chairman,    . 

15 

Clerk, 

7,  10,  11,  15,  18,  19 

Closed  doors, 

7 

Commit,  motion  to,  . 

4 

Committee  of  the  whole, 

4,  15 

Committees, 

5,7,  i 

[0,  12,  13,  14,  15,  41—48 

Compensation, 

7,8 

Constitution  of  United  States, 

.     70—89 

Constitution  of  Massachusetts, 

.  90—134 

Convention, 

.       19,  20 

Council, 

21 

Civil  government,    . 

21 

Debate, 

.        4,  5,  6,  9,  16 

Desks, 

6 

Dispensing  with  rule, 

9 

Division  of  question; 

9 

Enacting  clause, 

4 

Endorsement  of  papers, 

11 

Endorsement  of  bills, 

19 

Engrossed  bills, 

.      12,  13 

Excuse, 

8 

First  hour  of  each  session. 

11 

Floor  of  the  house,  . 

10 

Form  of  endorsing  petition, 

16 

Injunction  of  secrecy, 

7 

Interruption, 

6,7 

Journal, 

.       10,  19 

Lay  on  the  table,  motion  to 

4 

Main  question, 

5 

Mail  arrangement,  . 

69 

Memorials^   . 

.       11,  13 

Monitors, 

10,  11,  49 

136 


Index  to  the  Rules  and  Orders. 


Motion, 

Order, 

Order  of  business, 

Orders  of  the  day, 

Papers, 

Pay  roll, 

Petitions, 

Personality, 

Postponement,  motion  for, 

Previous  question,  motion  for, 

Priority  of  business, 

Private  interest, 

Private  act,  . 

Questions  of  order, 

Quorum, 

Reading  of  papers, 

Reading  of  bills, 

Recommitment, 

Reconsideration, 

Reference,    . 

Remonstrance, 

Reports, 

Representatives, 

Resolves, 

Residence  of  civil  government, 

Residence  of  members  of  senate, 

Residence  of  members  of  house, 

Return  of  house, 

Rising  to  speak, 

Rules, 

Secrecy, 

Seat, 

Senate, 

Sickness, 

Speaker, 

Speaking, 

Stranger, 

Standing  in  alleys, 

Strike  out  and  insert 

Substitution. 

Sums, 

Times, 

Travel, 

Unfinished  business 

Use  of  the  hall, 

Vote, 

Yeas  and  nays, 


3, 


12,  13, 


4,  5,  9, 


4,5,9 

3,  10,  12 

11 

9,  14 

11,  15,  18 

7 

11,  13 

6 

4 

5 

9 

8 

13 

10 

3 

11,  12 

12 

9 

6,7 

10,  15 

11,  13 

13,  15,  18 
25—40 

14,  15,  19 
51 

52-54 

55—68 

3,10 

5 

9 

7 

6 

22—24 

7 

10,  11,  14 

5,  6,  15 

10 

7 

9 

5 

4 

4 

7 

9 

12 

3,  4,  7,  8,  9 
4,  19 


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